ENVIRONMENTAL AND SECTORAL FACTORS
Reduction of barriers (custom tariffs, quotas) to international trade
Technical barriers to international trade
Economic integration of countries (EU, NAFTA, ASEAN, etc.)
Use of internet for international business
Improvement of the transport systems
Level of maturity of the internal market
Appearance of emerging markets as manufacturers
Appearance of emerging markets as consumers
O, T, or (-) REASON
Ayala Corporation is a holding company, which operates
through multiple segments who actually manufacture the
products or provide the services. These subsidiaries are the
ones who will directly benefit from the reduction of
O international trade barrier. (e.g., Integrated Micro-Electronics
Inc. (IMI) which specializes in automotive, electronics and
aerospace market can use a global flatform to produce quality
electronics at a lower price) This being an opportunity to
subsidiaries is an opportunity to AC as well.
Technical barriers to international trade can restrict
international trade volumes, particularly if they discriminate
T
against foreign producers and complying to all the varying
standards will generate additional cost of production
This is an opportunity to Ayala Corporation’s subsidiaries
expanding globally as trade barriers fall in economic
O
integration and it leads to market expansion, thus also an
opportunity to Ayala Corporation.
This aspect provides a more efficient and faster
communication system. It also helps in extensive
O advertisement but of reduced cost, thus an opportunity to
Ayala Corporation and its subsidiaries
Improvement in transportation system especially in isolated
areas will increase accessibility, thus, making transportation of
materials, equipment and others easier. This aspect is an
O opportunity to Ayala Corporation, particularly to its
subsidiaries; AC infrastructure Holdings Corp, AC Energy and
Infrastructure Corp. and more that delivers and transport
materials and equipments.
The company’s core values include Integrity, Long-term Vision,
Empowering Leadership and Commitment to National
Development. It has been developing businesses that
transform industries, challenging the status quo, and bringing
innovations here in the Philippines and abroad that contribute
to the nation’s social and economic agenda
Emerging markets is a threat to Ayala. Growth of emerging
T
markets equate to a growing competition in the market.
O The company has a broad base of suppliers, both local and
 foreign. Emerging market only shed more opportunities to
Ayala as it calls for new possible suppliers.
Concentration of the ownership of the companies

Increasing power of retail

Appearance of new products

Changes in consumer behavior