NCL Mining Sirdar & Surveyor

Special Notes

HAUL ROADS

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 HAUL ROADS IN OC MINES

Introduction: The roads which are prepared for plying of heavy earth
moving equipment for carrying of coal and Overburden in Opencast
Mines are called Haul Roads. Or
In surface Mine or in opencaste mine a haul road is a term for
roads designed for heavy or bulk transfer of materials by haul
trucks.

Design of the Haul Road

To maintain good health of the equipment, the haul road
should be designed considering the specification of the
equipment like
Width
Height
Weight
Wheel Base.
Type of Braking System.
Steering ability.
Retarded performance.
Speed range on grades etc.,
No Vehicles other than HEMM in Haul Road is permissible.

Advantages of good Haul Road

A good haul road will result in numerous advantages like:

• Reduced cost of maintenance of equipment

• Reduced breakdown of vehicles and their better availability
• Reduction in fuel consumption
•

Width of Haul Road depends upon :

No road shall be of width less than 3 times the width of the largest
dumper plying on the road plus 5 Mts, if the movement is on single haul
road.

1. Width of Largest Vehicle on haul road

2. Type of road ( one way or two way)

 Width of one way Haul Road : Width of largest vehicle + 5m

 Width of two way Haul Road : 3 X Width of largest vehicle + 5m

If the road is provided for single traffic of vehicles with a strong road
divider at the centre, the width shall not be less than two times the
width of the largest dumper plying on the road plus 3 Mts.
Gradient:
At any place on the haul road – not more than 1 in 16.

In case of small ramps over small stretches, a gradient upto 1 in 10 may

be permitted.

Visibility:
All corners and bends in roads shall have a clear view of distance not less than
three times the braking distance of the largest HEMM working at 40 KMPH.

3 X Braking distance @ 40 kmph. (not possible )

 2 Separate roads with each roads width

 2 X width of largest vehicle +3 m

RAMPS
It is a inclined access way from surface to another lower mine level.

OR

The connected road way from bench to bench.

The connected road way from bench to Pit bottom.

The connected road way from main haul road to another bench or pit
bottom.
RAMP WIDTH
It is generally Single way traffic.
 Maximum Gradient – not more than 1 in 10.
 Width of Largest vehicle + 2 – 2.5 mt.
 Maximum length of ramp at one stretch – 50 m ( Recently a Bylaw
published by Chief inspector )
 Minimum visble distance sight is 20 m to 25 m.
 Only crawler mounted machines shall be used in ramp.

PARAPET WALL
▪ Dimension of parapet wall
1. Width at top : Minimum 1m
2. Width at bottom : Minimum 2.5 m
▪ Height of parapet wall
1. Not less than the ht. of tyre of Vehicles (HEMM ) runs in
Haul road.

BERM
• Berm means a safety berm which is protected to vehicles or
machinery playing in mine.
• Situated in outer edge of Haul road.
• Situated in outer edge of dump yard.
• Situated at outer edge of working face and all around of
mine also.

Berm width > Berm height

Minimum Height of Berm

• Depends upon the ht. of tyre(wheel) of Largest Vehicles

Crawler or mounted (HEMM ) machine running in mine.

▪ Not less than the ht. of tyre of Largest Vehicles (HEMM ) runs
in Haul road

Haul road Lighting:

Required standard of illumination shall be 10 Lux (Horizontal).

Traffic Signs:
Traffic Signs may be speed limit signs, stop signs, curving and
intersection warning signs which shall be provided at required
locations all along the haul roads
Parameters governing good haul road
• Construction of good haul road depends on good planning and
design of haul road.
• The parameters that govern in making a good haul road are
Base Material.
Surface Material.
Site distance.
Gradient.
Haul Road width, road side berms and guard rails.
Traffic rules and signs

SOME DEFINITIONS

STOCK PILE : A stockpile is a pile or storage location for bulk

materials.

MUCK PILE : The broken material at the face sight is known as

Muckpile.

One Stock yard : Means a large enclosed yard specially used

for stocking ore.

DUMP : A large scale of area where no minerals or any

valuable materials beneath the earth’s crust , we designed for
stocking soils, spoil or any non valuable materials extracted
from mine is known as Mine Damp.
Slope Angle : The internal angle between the dump slope and
the floor.

Overall dump Slope Angle : The internal angle between the

floor and the line from toe of lowest floor to the crest oh heightest
floor.

Dump height : The vertical distance from the toe to crest.