Electric Cars VS.

Gas Powered Cars

Submitted by:

Cruto, Rexson

Sublay, Karl Kexter

Arsenio, Arnulfo

Submitted to:

Sir Jerry Corea

02 - 03 - 2015
 I. INTRODUCTION

In modern times, having a fuelled car is essential in transportation. A gas powered car has a

fuel tank which supplies gasoline to the engine, the engine then turns a transmission which

turns the wheel. It is propelled by an internal combustion engine, fuelled

by deflagration of gasoline (also known as petrol) or diesel. Both fuels are known to cause air

pollution and are also blamed for contributing to climate change and global warming.

The auto industry has the technology to address these concerns. It’s the Electric car. It has a

set of batteries that provides electricity to an electric motor. The motor turns a transmission,

and the transmission turns the wheels.

Either of this two has advantage and disadvantages. A gasoline car produces a relatively

large amount of pollution and generally gets poor gas mileage. An electric car, however,

produces almost no pollution, but it can only go 100 to 200 miles between charges. And the

problem has been that the electric car is very slow and inconvenient to recharge.

This study shows which is better to use and more economical among these two, the

Electric car and Gas Powered car.

 II. DISCUSSION

Electric Cars VS. Gas Powered Cars

One of the largest contributors to air pollution and man-made global warming is

transportation. The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the average passenger

vehicle produces approximately five tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) annually, which is thought to

contribute significantly to the greenhouse effect. Electric cars represent one alternative to

gasoline-powered vehicles and there are several key differences between the two technologies.

Features

The basic components that are required to operate a gas-powered car are an internal

combustion engine, a standard or automatic transmission, an alternator, a carburettor or fuel-

injection system, spark plugs, a crankshaft and a battery. According to Hybrid Cars, the main

features of an electric car are an electric motor, a larger, heavier rechargeable battery, a

computerized controller and a regenerative braking system which is connected to both the

motor and the battery.

Function

Operating a gas-powered car is fairly complicated compared to electric car operation. As

you press the accelerator, gas is directed from the fuel tank through the fuel line to the engine,

where it is combined with air and compressed by a piston. The spark plugs ignite the fuel,

causing the pistons move. The motion of the pistons is transferred to the crankshaft, which

turns the wheels. According to Hybrid Cars, when you press the accelerator in an electric motor,
the controller sends a signal to the battery which tells it how much voltage to send to the

motor. When you press the brake, the electric motor slows the wheels and acts as a generator,

sending an electric current back to the battery for later use.

Cost

In terms of their initial cost, electric vehicles may be more expensive than their gas-

powered counterparts. According to Cars Direct, electric car pricing for 2010 vehicles ranges

from $15,000 to $100,000, depending on the make and model. Electric vehicles offer an

advantage in terms of maintenance costs compared with gas-powered vehicles. Hybrid Cars

estimates that electric vehicles cost approximately P1.02 per kilometer to operate compared to

P2.32 per kilometer for gas vehicles.

Benefits

Electric cars are significantly better for the environment in terms of greenhouse gas

emissions and pollutants. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, electric cars produce

zero tailpipe emissions or air pollutants. They may produce emissions indirectly if they are

recharged using the conventional power grid versus solar or wind power. Electric cars are also

more energy-efficient than combustion engines, converting 75 Percent of the battery's energy

versus just 20 Percent of the energy converted by gasoline cars.

Considerations

While electric cars offer several advantages over gas-powered cars, there are several

things to consider before purchasing one. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, current

electric car battery technology limits their driving range to between 100 and 200 miles and it

can take up to eight hours to fully recharge the battery. Compared with the 300-plus miles you
can travel on a single tank of gas and the ease and convenience of refuelling, electric vehicles

may not be right for all drivers.

ELECTRIC CARS

Advantages

 The number one advantage of an electric vehicle is that no gas is required. One example

is the Chevy Volt. It has a battery range of 40 miles. That means it can drive for 40 miles

without using gas. 40 miles is more than the range of an average commute to work, so

you can go to and from work using no gas. With minimal gas usage comes great savings.

You do need gas in the Volt in case your battery runs out or you go for a long distance.

However, the amount of fill ups per year will be much fewer with an electric vehicle

 You can plug the car into any outlet of the proper voltage and charge the car. Electricity

is much cheaper than gas, and the savings will be dramatic

 Electric cars give off no emissions. Electric cars are even better than hybrids in this

regard. Hybrids running on gas give off emissions, while electric cars are totally 100

Percent free of pollutants

 Safety is a big concern with these vehicles. However, the fluid batteries actually take

impact better than a fully made gas car, and can help even more in the event of an

accident
Disadvantages

 The first disadvantage is price. Electric car batteries are not cheap, and the better the

battery, the more you will pay. For example, the Chevy Volt has a 40 mile range and sells

for around $30,000. Compare that to the 250 to 300 mile range of cars made by Tesla

Motors, which sell for anywhere between $50,000 and $100,000

 Even though it is a quiet ride, silence can be seen as a disadvantage. People like to hear

cars when they are coming up behind them or beside them, and you can't hear if an

electric car is near you. This has been known to lead to accidents

 Most cars take a long time to recharge their batteries. Tesla Motors' Model S can

recharge in 45 minutes, but most electric cars right now take hours to charge. You can't

drive the car while the batteries are charging usually, so your car will be out of

commission while it is plugged in

 Most electric cars currently on the road do not have long ranges. Although in the future

it will improve, most of the cars have a range of less than 25 miles, and you can't truly

see the great benefits until you ride in a vehicle with a longer range
 GASOLINE POWERED CARS

Advantages

 Cost

While the price of the technology needed for hybrid cars continues to fall, conventional gas-

powered cars still cost less than their newer counterparts. In part, this is due to high research

and development costs needed to bring a new hybrid system to market whereas gas-powered

cars use technology that has been around for more than a century and refined over the years.

Some hybrid models may also cost more to repair and maintain, especially if hybrid drive

components, such as the electric motor or battery pack, require replacement. Depending on an

individual driver's needs and long-term trends in the price of gasoline, the additional cost of a

hybrid car may or may not be offset by its fuel savings. In addition, hybrid cars are newer, so

there are fewer used models available at any given time. This drives up their cost and makes

used gas-powered cars even more appealing to drivers with limited budgets.

 Range

Another key advantage of a gas-powered car is its range. For example, a car with a 20-gallon

gas tank that achieves an average fuel economy of 20 miles per gallon can travel 400 miles

before needing to be refuelled. This is far more than the range of electric vehicles, which may

use a small gas engine to produce additional electricity and extend their range to make them

practical for more drivers. Hybrid-electric cars will have a range that depends on how much

energy they can conserve during braking but still often have less range than gas-powered cars

due to limited battery capacity.

  Power

Another advantage of gas-powered cars is when it comes to raw power. Some hybrid-

electric cars, especially early models, may compromise on power for better fuel efficiency. This

is a result of carrying the added weight of the batteries as well as the limited output of an

electric motor. However, gas-powered cars continue to become more powerful even as they

are refined to be more fuel efficient. Systems like displacement-on-demand, which allows a gas-

powered car to shut off some of its cylinders to save gas under certain conditions, give drivers a

combination of horsepower and efficiency.

Disadvantages

 The Environment

Despite recent efforts to improve fuel efficiency and reduce toxic emissions in cars,

emissions have continued to increase steadily in the past two decades. When gasoline

combusts it releases the end products of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen

oxides, which may contribute to climate change. Even the infusion of 10% ethanol into gasoline

has not rectified the emission problem, according to Alpha Online, especially since the

conversion from ethanol to corn actually requires the use of fossil fuels.

 Health

Gasoline exposure can occur from filling your tank, from a gas leak in your engine, or from

general spills and accidents. Gasoline can contaminate drinking water or nearby soil if you have

a well system or soil near your driveway. High levels of gasoline chemicals taken in from day-to-
day exposure like benzene may cause cancer, according to the Illinois Department of Public

Health. The long-term effects of occasional contact with gasoline are not as widely known, but

inhalation of the fumes can lead to dizziness, headaches, confusion and breathing difficulties.

 Fossil Fuels Dependency

It is quite widely known that the earth is running low on fossil fuels, which gasoline is a large

component of. Even though the estimates of geologists and oil companies predict that there is

a limited amount of oil remaining, their estimates may still be large exaggerations according to

Common Dreams. Since gasoline may run out in the next century, it is imperative to begin

making changes in the world fuel type. Other fuel types like hydrogen or solar power that do

not depend on fossil fuels may or may not be the answer, but coming up with a solution prior to

running out of gasoline is a must.

 Oil Politics

It's strange to think that something as simple as what we put in our cars could have political

implications. Currently, the Middle East holds an extreme degree of authority in the world due

to the world's dependency on the oil deposits found in that region. Other world leaders have an

inordinately large amount of control as well because of oil, including Iran's Mahmoud

Ahmadinejad and Venezuela's Hugo Chavez, according to Market Watch. If a new domestic

power source for cars could be created and harvested, these foreign leaders and nations would

not have such a stranglehold on the rest of the world due to oil. It is thought that some of the

wars of the past few decades have been in part inspired by oil as well. Reduce the need for oil

and potentially the perceived need for combat will dissipate as well.
 TABLE

Electric Car Gas Powered Car

Cost P1980000 P1645000

Maintenance P202686 for 12 years P314820 for 12 years

Life span 12 years 12 years

Gasoline Cost P39.50/L

Electricity Cost P4.84/kwh

Gasoline Consumption (40mpg) 16.99 km/L

Electricity Consumption 4.37 km/kwh

Cost Per Km P1.02/km P2.32/km

40 km every day for 12 years or 4380 days

Electric Car:

Overall cost in 12 years = P1.02/km x 40 km x 4380

Overall cost in 12 years = P178704 + P1980000 + P202686

Overall cost in 12 years = P2361390

Gas Powered Car:

Overall cost in 12 years = P2.32/km x 40 km x 4380

Overall cost in 12 years = P406464 + P1645000 + 314820

Overall cost in 12 years = P2366284

DEPRECIATION

N = 12 years Year 6 = 7/78 = 8.97%

n= 78 Year 7 = 6/78 = 7.69%

Year 1 = 12/78 = 15.38% Year 8 = 5/78 = 6.41%

Year 2 = 11/78 = 14.1% Year 9 = 4/78 = 5.13%

Year 3 = 10/78 = 12.82% Year 10 = 3/78 = 3.85%

Year 4 = 9/78 = 11.54% Year 11 = 2/78 = 2.56%

Year 5 = 8/78 = 10.26% Year 12 = 1/78 = 1.28%

Electric Car:

Year Depreciation Calculation Depreciation Expenses

1 1980000*15.38% 304524

2 1980000*14.1% 279180

3 1980000*12.82% 253836

4 1980000*11.54% 228492

5 1980000*10.26% 203148

6 1980000*8.97% 177606

7 1980000*7.69% 152262

8 1980000*6.41% 126918

9 1980000*5.13% 101574

10 1980000*3.85% 76230

11 1980000*2.56% 50688

12 1980000*1.28% 25344

Gas Powered Car:

Year Depreciation Calculation Depreciation Expenses

1 1645000*15.38% 253001

2 1645000*14.1% 231945

3 1645000*12.82% 210889

4 1645000*11.54% 189833
 5 1645000*10.26% 168777

6 1645000*8.97% 147556.5

7 1645000*7.69% 126500.5

8 1645000*6.41% 105444.5

9 1645000*5.13% 84388.5

10 1645000*3.85% 63332.5

11 1645000*2.56% 42112

12 1645000*1.28% 21056

III. CONCLUSION

According to the case study, it is more preferable to use or buy an Electric car rather

than Gasoline Powered car. Although fuel costs for electric vehicles are generally lower than for

similar conventional vehicles, purchase prices can be significantly higher. However, prices are

likely to decrease as production volumes increase.

IV. REFERENCES
http://www.livestrong.com/article/180159-gas-powered-cars-vs-electric-powered-cars/

http://www.ehow.com/list_6138813_advantages-gas-powered-cars.html

http://www.ehow.com/list_6303251_disadvantages-using-gasoline-cars.html

http://www.carsdirect.com/green-cars/electric-cars-advantages-and-disadvantages

http://auto.howstuffworks.com/hybrid-car1.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car

http://www.afdc.energy.gov/fuels/electricity_benefits.html

Gas Powered Car:

Overall cost in 12 years = P2.32/km x 40 km x 4380

Overall cost in 12 years = P406464 + P1645000 + 314820

Overall cost in 12 years = P2366284

I. CONCLUSION

According to the case study, it is more preferable to use or buy an Electric car rather

than Gasoline Powered car. Although fuel costs for electric vehicles are generally lower than for

similar conventional vehicles, purchase prices can be significantly higher. However, prices are

likely to decrease as production volumes increase.