Lesson 1:

Characteristics of
Research
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, students should:
1. define research
2. define thesis
3. discuss the values of research to man
4. identify the qualities of a good researcher
5. explain the characteristics of a researcher
6. point out the characteristics of research
7. point out the differences between basic, applied and developmental research
8. explain the nature of library, field and laboratory research
9. identify the independent and dependent variables in a given study
10. explain the role of moderator, control and intervening variable
Objective 1: define research
Objective 2: define thesis
Key question: What is research? What is a thesis?
Follow-up question: What are the elements of the
research process?
Input:
Thesis is a statement or theory that is put forward as a
premise to be maintained or proved.

This is a long essay or dissertation involving personal

research, written by a candidate for a college degree.

A Ph.D. (Philosophiae Doctor) is a research degree.

Objective 3: discuss the values of research to man

Key question: What are the values of research to man? Give three.
Follow-up question: Explain one of them.

Input:
Outcomes of research
1. a new or improved product.
2. a new theory.
3. a re-interpretation of an existing theory.
4. a new or improved research tool or technique.
5. a new or improved model or perspective.
6. an in-depth study of a particular situation.
7. an exploration of a topic, media, or field.
8. a critical analysis.
Objective 4: identify the qualities of a good researcher
Objectives 5: explain the characteristics of a researcher

Key questions: What are the qualities of a good researcher?

What are the characteristics if a researcher?

Follow-up questions:
1. How does an efficient person work?
2. Are you resourceful? In what ways?
3. Why is honesty essential in research?
4. What does it take to be religious when doing research?

5. What is prudence? How does a prudent person behave?

6. What is healthy criticism? How far can you accept rejection? Or people criticizing your work?
7. What is being methodical? In what ways have you been methodical?
8. What is being critical? Do you have to be critical all the time? When do you need to be?
Objective 6: point out the characteristics of research

Key questions: What are the characteristics of research? Give three

From the three, choose one and explain

Follow-up questions:
1. What is your understanding of being empirical?
2. How is being logical different from being methodical?
3. How is being critical different from being analytical?
4. When does a study become replicable?
Objective 7: point out the differences between basic, applied and developmental research
Objective 8: explain the nature of library, field and laboratory research
Objective 10: explain the role of moderator, control and intervening variable

Key questions: What is basic research? How about applied research?

How about developmental research?

What is library research? How about field research?

How about laboratory research?

What is a moderator variable? What is a control variable?

How about an intervening variable?
Objective 9: identify the independent and dependent variables in a given study
Key questions: What is an independent variable? How about a dependent variable?
Input:
Independent Variable- presumed cause
Dependent Variable- presumed effect
Nota bene: Correlation does not imply causation.
Example: There may have evidence from real-world experiences that indicate a correlation between the two
variables, but correlation does not imply causation. For example, more sleep will cause you to perform better
at work. Or, more cardiovascular exercise will cause you to lose your belly fat.
Application question:
What is the independent and dependent variables in the following:
1. Early Literacy Practices and Academic Performance of College Students
2. Performance Level of Grade 3 Pupils in Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education
3. Development and Validation of Instructional Materials for Learners with Dyscalculia
4. Awareness, Attitude and Sanitary Practices on Communicable Diseases among High School Athletes
Early Literacy Practices:
1. Shared book reading frequency Academic Performance in
2. Maternal book reading strategies College
3. Child's enjoyment of reading
4. Maternal sensitivity

Profile
1. Socio-Economic Status
2. Educational Attainment of Parents
3. Number of Sibling