Technical Description Labels CAUTION Electric shock hazard, do not remove cover {or back). Reserve servicing to qualified personnel. Descriptions ACHTUNG — Haube und Rickwand nicht enttemen, Ce esata ate ATENCION Wo desmontar i cubiertas de protecion. Las repernclones slo ‘ben sr reaenas pox prone cunt, ATTENTION Ne pas eniever to boltior ni la plaque arriorot parations ou personnel qualifie! Warning: Risk of crushing on tube assembly @) (3) @) @} 0318 GG 78 15 120x047 100/20) IEC s36/e2e voltage Chapter 3 Checking and adapting the nominal lin Pager'ct? wie Checking the nominal line voltage ‘¢ Measure the supply voltage with a digital multimeter on site at a wall outlet! If the measured power supply voltage Is 2 240 V AC, adapt the nominal line voltage on T1! CAUTION Adapting the nominal line voltage at = 240 V AConT1 «* Loosen the knob-head screws and the protective ground wire cable lug at the bottom of the control console. « Loosen flexible hose from the retaining clips. « Lift the control console off using the recessed grips and place it down on a table or similar support. «* Loosen the 4 Allen screws (1/Fig. 1,4mm spanner opening) and remove the panelling in upward direction. 7 « Loosen the cap screws (2/Fig. 2) and the 2 nuts (8/Fig. 2) and hinge the control unit aside. Onthe terminal strip of transformer T1, reconnect the lead from T1.6 (220 V) to 71.7 (240) (4/Fig. 2). * Finally, chassis, fasten wire cable lug- lose the control console in the reverse working sequence, sett up on the by means of the knob-head screws and connect the protective groundInspection and maintenance ASI SHI SHI Chapter 2 Page 1 of 16 Performing the visual inspection ‘* Check all panelling, the contro! box/control console and the exposure release cable for signs of damage. Check the winding mechanism of the cable drum. * Repair or replace damaged parts as required. Checking the unit screws ‘* Check for firm seating and tighten, ifnecessary: = the cassette compartment, ~ the pedals, ~ the front wheels. Checking the handles on the unit # Check the handles for firm seating and tighten, ifnecessary: = onthe single-tank yoke, - onthe single tank, ~ the transport handle above the control console. the match- 's or locking elements are to be replaced, t! CAUTION He Few locking devices must also be exchanged!OLYMOBIL III nb By Generator principle The generator is connected through an integrated power line interference suppress! ¥ ter with automatic changeover to the respective power connection voltage (11/230 V)- stem. jon fi The switching power supply M6 generates the auxiliary voltages for the electronic sy’ The power line voltage is rectified, filtered and goes to an IGBT bridge. The high-voltage diodes and high-voltage capacitors form a two-stage multiplier circuit which is located in the single tank together with the high-voltage transformer. The high voltage is controlled by means of an analog controller which controls the level of the tube voltage via the control frequency of the main inverter. The filament circuit of the x- ray tube is controlled via the control frequency of the filament inverter in a similar way. The generator is controlled by an 8-bit microcontroller to which the operating keyboard and the indicators (D910) are connected as well. The inverter and the power circuit are located on PC board D920. Power connection The Polymobil III is connected to a standard power socket. After switch-on, the unit auto- matically recognizes the level of the power line voltage and changes over the input circuit appropriately with the aid of the LU contactor (3/6). The changeover voltage is 160 V (corresponding to the main power line voltage 115 V/ 230 V). An integrated EMC filter prevents interference voltages being fed back into the network. After operation of the power-on button at the control console, the HR relay is actuated and thus the supply transformer T1 and the switching power supply M6 are energized. The smoothing capacitors of the intermediate circuit C1 and C2 are charged via resistor R31 (3/4). When initialization with auto-check is terminated, LV contactor (3/2) pulls in and shorts the charging resistor R31. The generator is thus ready for exposure. Direct voltage intermediate circuit The power line voltage reatified by V1 is filtered by means of the electrolytic capacitors C1/C2. The resistors R1/R2 induce a symmetrical distribution of the voltage via the ca; citors and simultaneously operate as discharging resistors. For safety reasons, the panel citors of the intermediate circuit are additionally discharged after shutdown of the ‘generator via an auxiliary contact of the LV contactor (contact 21/22) and resistor Ra In the inverter the resonant circuit current is measured and the exposure is synchroni, This current can be measured at point | of D920. Shortcirouits or overcurrent sre on 229: led by monitoring the voltage of each IGBT. re ControlPOLYMOBIL Ill ye 6 of 12 Main inverter The main inverter generates the high-frequency energy for the high-voltage transformer which is located in the single tank. The high voltage during the exposure is controlled via the control frequency. The circuit was implemented as a series resonant circuit inverter in full-bridge circuit design. The resonant circuit consists of the capacitor C4 and L2. By ignition of the IGBTs of one bridge diagonal, a current oscillates through the primary winding of the high-voltage transformer and through the diodes back into the intermediate bircuit. After 100 ms (Fyax = 10 kHz), the IGBTs of the other bridge diagonal are ignited and this process is repeated with opposite polarity, etc. The time interval (and thus the control frequency) is continuously determined by the KV control since this frequency is decisive for the level of the high voltage. The ignition pulses are generated in the PC board D920. Note: _ If the connection cable between the switch box and the single tank is not plugged, the Polymobil Ill cannot be switched on. The shortcircuit is detected by measuring the Vce saturation voltage of each transistor. If the established level is exceeded, the inverter is disabled and an error is generated. Single-tank tube assembly The main inverter energizes the primary winding of the high-voltage transformer. The secondary winding is connected to a voltage doubling circuit which supplies the stationary anode tube with high voltage. The center of the doubling circuit is galvanically connected with the lead-lining close to the tube (protection against leakage radiation). The damping resistors (4 x 40 k) limit the current in the event of a discharge of the x-ray tube. This is absolutely necessary because a too high discharge current would destroy the contacts of the high-voltage capacitors. The high voltage is measured using a voltage divider the signal of which serves as kV actual value for the kV control on D910 (5/8). The voltage divider is made up of the 200 M resistance on the side of the high voltage (5/3) and the base resistor of 20 k. The base resistor is located on board D1 (5/5). The voltage divider is frequency-compensated in order to be able to acquire the high-frequency components of the tube voltage for the kV control. ‘The tube current measuring resistor R2 is also located on D1 as well as a jumper that, when in the open condition, allows measurement of the mAs value. The KVactuat and MAacruat outputs of the board are protected against too high voltages by overvoltage arresters and suppressor diodes.POLYMOBIL III Page 7 of 12 Processor unit nected The central processor unit consists of an 8-bit micr with the following components via a bus: J6 Eprom, 32 Kbytes (firmware) Jo RAM external (not used) J2 Display controller (For detailed description of the components, see Data Sheet) The microcontroller includes a counter for the calculation of the \ timers that generate the signals for the nominal values as well as an in that controls the following signals: INTO: Timer of the operating system INT1: _ mAs integrator EXTO: kVinax EXT1: Short cirouit in the main inverter EXT2: Preparation EXT? Nehgmae In addition, the microcontroller features an 8 bit A/D converter for digitizing analog signals. The "watch dog” is incorporated and monitors the § V voltage permanently. If it drops below 4 V (8/2), a resetis triggered. controller (80535), intercon! mAs values, and three iterrupt controller KV control The kV nominal value is formed in the microcontroller (80535) by pulse width modulation at B12 (6/3) and measured via AN4/J15. A check is possible on D910/'KVS" (measuring point 6/4). The KV actual value measured by the high-voltage measuring divider on D1 (12) is acquired by means of the differential amplifier (J33) (can be measured at measu- ring point KV 1 6/5) and fed to the analog PI control J33 (6/5). The output voltage of th control is converted in a series of pulses with the aid of the U/F transformer (J25 6/6). The pulse frequency of this signal represents the manipulated variable for the high voltag se ignites the thyristors via the ignition logic accordingly. ond The U/F transformer is controlled by the microcontroller via the level (can be measured on D910/measuring point TRIG). The tube off by this ae a— Page 8 o ye POLYMOBIL III 12 kV monitoring The kV actual value is continuously compar the threshold stage J29 (6/5) and Interrupts theory maximum permissible KV value in ignition pulses (kKVmax 6/6) if the kV limit has been oxox qn ediately by blocking the unit and the tube are protected, and the safety reguatene aa both the high-voltage The coincidence of KVactuau/KVNominaL is monitored ee complied with, protective measure. If the deviation is greater than the eet lini coe eas aational kVyominaL) (Sensed by the converter ANS 6/3), the main ina (25% of voltage is switched off. 7 in inverter is blocked and the high The inverter is blocked in case of the following errors: Tolerance 1 KVmax exceeded ERR 12 110 kV (10%) 2. bridge short circuit (inverter) (6/6) ERR 11 3- la-max exceeded ERR13 55 mA (10%) 4- — IFilamax exceeded ERR13 6 A (20 %) The driver pulses are blocked by the processor (J15/P51) via the SS relay (6/7). The series of pulses is started via the TRIG input of the U/F transformer (J21 6/5). Inverter test By removing the jumper S1 from the board D920, it is possible to control the working of the inverter without high voltage. The shot is interrupted after 15 ms by the error 14 (kVacTuaL < KVNoMINALPOLYMOBIL III Page 9 of 12, Filament circuit control The filament circuit control is carried out analogously to the kV control. The nominal value of the filament current or tube current is generated in the microcontro- ler (P13 or P11) and J17 (7/2) by pulse width modulation. The filament current actual value is tapped off via the measuring resistor R9 / D920 (7/6) and fed to the controller input ANO and to the analog switch J27 (7/4). Ifthe intermediate current circuit voltage, measured at J34 (7/2) and AN7, is less than the set value (260 V), J5 (7/3) is activated to reduce the specified current value in the tube. The tube current actual value is acquired via the measuring resistor R2/D1 (7/8), fed to the controller input AN1 and also to the analog switch J27. The processor determines with a changeover of the signal paths via J27, whether the fila~ ment current or the tube current is controlled. During the exposure, the tube current is Controlled; otherwise the filament current (without high voltage, no tube current!). The nominal and the actual values are compared by the analog PI controller J32 (7/5), the Cutput signal of which is converted in a pulse frequency by means of the U/F transducer 426. After optoseparation, this series of pulses controls the switching transistor V10 / 920 (7/6) and determines the effective value of the filament current (switching controller principle). Filament circuit monitoring Inthe case that the tube current exceeds the maximum permissible value, the threshold stage J29 (7/3) operates, the error Imax is generated and the main inverter is blocked, If the deviation between X-ray ACTUAL @Nd Ix-ray NOMINAL (acquired by the same converter of the controller) exceeds the permissible limit value, the main inverter is also blocked, Measuring points on D910 permit the measurements of the nominal and actual Values of the filament and the tube current.- POLYMOBIL III 510 of 12 mAs counter The tube current acquired on D1 (7/8) is converted into an analog voltage by means of the differential amplifier J32 (7/6) and fed to the U/F transformer J26 (7/5). It transforms the voltage into a pulse frequency which is thus proportional to the tube current. Ratio: 3.2 kHz /10mA. The output pulses of the U/F transformer are counted by a counter. The counter works as down-counter and is charged with the desired mAs value before the exposure. After the start of the exposure, the counter reading drops at a varying rate, depending on the fre- quency (and thus depending on the tube current) until the zero value is reached and then terminates the exposure. This corresponds to a digital integration of the tube current. ee | J... ma | ¥ counterLYMOBIL III 11 of 12 Page Exposure release circult Preparation With the prep contact (VK) of the release switch $27 (8/4), a 2B signal is generated and an interrupt in the processor is triggered. If the processor is not blocked by an error, the LED ZBis switched heating of the tube starts. Following the preparation time (1.9 S$), the expo! if no error has been detected by the processor. ‘on and the filament sure is enabled Exposure release Signal VH is generated if the main contact (HK) is closed via S27 (condition: no error in the preparation phase). By this, the main inverter is started and the exposure iS released. Termination of the exposure As are reached as well. The When the mAs counter reaches the zero value, the preset mi counter output generates an interrupt signal for the microcontroller that terminates the exposure. Moreover, the exposure is terminated by the following conditions: 1) The time limit (TLimit = 100 ms + 2 * Tcatculated theoretically) 1S reached before the mAs counter releases the switch-off signal. The safety timer (software) is activated, the error Tmax (ERR 17) generated and the exposure thus terminated. 2) kV >KVmax (ERR 12) of > Imax (ERR 13): If this error occurs, an interrupt is gener- ated that blocks the main inverter and, as a result, interrupts the exposure. 3) Ifthe exposure is discontinued prematurely, €.9- by letting go the exposure release switch, error ERR 18 is generated. 4) Any other errors are recognized by the processor.2-9-1 BE 0X i14. tsa shee Puata lila : BE a Gero. 18g ea 12°79 oe: oO Pe Bae tose Tong ey pelicd: ame Owe) S67, 19 13-9 Beat | ile ae a17 - 0 ee 12 ; Pte a) wt er” \? ve me 1d OD ra 0 2 1 ie