INTRO TO LAW

A. MEANING OF LAW IN GENERAL

- Rule of action or system of uniformity
- Movements of all objects of creation, whether animate or inanimate
- Tells us what is incumbent upon us
- Incumbent – duties n responsibilities
General Divisions of Law
1. Strict legal sense – promulgate n enforced by the state
• STATE LAW
Positive
Municipal
Civil
Imperative

• characteristics – rule of conduct, obligatory, promulgated by legitimate

authority n common observance n benefit.

2. Non-legal sense – not promulgated n enforced by the state

a. Physical
b. Divine
c. Natural
d. Moral
B. SOURCES OF LAW
 1987 Constitution
- Fundamental supreme and highest law of the land
- Supremacy of the constitution
 Legislation
- Create laws using
1. Bills – laws in making
2. Resolutions – joint, concurrent, simple
 Administrative or Executive Orders, Regulations and Rulings
- Explain
 Judicial Decisions or Jurisprudence
- Interpret
 Custom
 Others – principles of justice n equity, decisions of foreign tribunals, opinions of text writers n
religion
C. ORGANIZATION OF COURTS
A. Regular Court
Supreme Court
Court of Appeals
Regional Trial Court
Municipal Trial Court
B. Special Courts
 Sandiganbayan
Court of Tax Appeals
C. Quasi-Judicial Agencies
National Labor Relations Commission
Securities and Exchange Commission
Land Transportation and Franchising Regulatory Board

D.LAW ON OBLIGATIONS AND CONTRACTS

- Body of rules which deals with the nature and sources of obligations and the rights and
duties arising from agreements and the particular contract.

Civil Code of the Philippines

 Republic Act 386

 Based on Spanish Civil Code which took effect in Philippines on December 7, 1889
 Approved on Republic Act 386 on June 18, 1949 n took effect on August 30, 1950
 Divided into 4 books
Persons
Property, Ownership and it’s modifications
Different modes of acquiring ownership
Law on Obligations and Contracts