SMMQ 3235

ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS II

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

QUESTION ONE (30 MARKS)

a) State the theorem of existence and uniqueness of solutions to ordinary differential equations of
first order. 5marks

b) Determine series solution for the following differential equation

''
y + y =0 5marks

c) Convert the following differential equation into a set of ordinary differential equations, hence
determine the eigen values.
' '' '' '
y +2 y − y −2 y=0 5marks

d) Identify and classify singular points for each of the following equations 5marks
i) y ' ' +3 y ' +2 y=0
ii) x 2 y ' ' + 3 x y ' +2 y=0
iii) x ( x−1) y ' ' + x y ' + y=0

e) Using Frobenius series to find general solution of the equation about x 0=0
4 x y ' ' +2 y ' − y=0 5marks

'' '
4 x y +8 y +xy=0 .
a) Given the differential equation Find
(i) The exponents of the differential equation. (1 marks)
(ii) The Frobenius solution of the differential equation. (4 marks)

SECTION TWO
QUESTION TWO( 20 MARKS)
a) Find a series solution around x 0=0 for the following differential equation
y ' ' −x y ' =0 8marks

b) Find the first four terms in each portion of the series solution around x 0=0 for the
following differential equation.

( x 2 +1 ) y' ' −4 x y ' +6 y=0 12marks

 QUESTION THREE (20 MARKS)

a) Solve the following system of ordinary differential equation

'
X= (
3 −2
2 −2
X )
Subject to the initial condition X ( 0 ) =
1
−1 ( )
HINT. Find its eigen value and then eigen
vectors, then use eigen vectors to write its solution 10marks
b) Solve
( x− y ) dx−xdy + zdz=0 10marks

QUESTION FOUR (20 MARKS)

Given ( y 2 + yz ) dx +( xz + z 2) dy +( y 2−xy )dz =0

∂P ∂ P ∂Q ∂Q ∂ R ∂R
a) Find , , , , , .
∂y ∂ z ∂x ∂z ∂x ∂y
6marks
b) Determine the auxiliary equation. 4marks
c) Hence solve the total differential equation 10marks

QUESTION FIVE (20 MARKS)

Given the differential equation

x y ' ' + x y ' −xy=0

a) Determine the singular point , hence provethatis indeed singular . 6marks

b) Hence use the method of Frobenius to find the general solution of the equation as a suitable
power series about x 0=0. 6marks