Volume 8, Issue 3, March – 2023
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Analyzing the Innovative Challenges and Possible
Solutions of Polymer and Related Material based on
AI Chatbot (Chat GPT) Responses
Manish Verma
Scientist D
DMSRDE, DRDO Kanpur, India
Abstract:- Polymers are a class of materials composed
of large molecules made up of repeating subunits. They
have become ubiquitous in our daily lives, with
applications in various industries such as packaging,
automotive, electronics, aerospace, and biomedical.
Polymers have several advantages over traditional
materials, including low cost, lightweight, and
flexibility. The use of nanocomposites has further
enhanced the properties of polymers, allowing them to
be used in more demanding applications. Despite these
advantages, there are still challenges and limitations in
polymer science, such as the need for more sustainable
and eco-friendly materials and the development of more
efficient recycling methods. Ongoing research and
development in polymer science promise to bring new
advancements and applications in the future.
Keywords:- Polymer, polymer science, properties, polymer
Nanocomposites, AI-based chatbot, ChatGPT, Artificial
Intelligence, polymer applications.
I. INTRODUCTION
Polymer is a type of material that is made up of large
molecules composed of repeating subunits called
monomers. Polymers are ubiquitous in our everyday lives
and are used in a wide variety of applications, including
packaging, clothing, automotive parts, medical devices, and
electronics.
The history of polymers can be traced back to the
19th century when scientists began to study natural
polymers such as rubber, cellulose, and proteins. The first
synthetic polymer, Bakelite, was invented by Belgian
chemist Leo Baekeland in 1907. Bakelite was a
thermosetting plastic that could be molded into various
shapes and was used in a variety of industrial and consumer
applications.
The development of new synthetic polymers
accelerated in the mid-20th century, driven in part by the
demand for new materials in World War II. Nylon,
invented in 1935 by Wallace Carothers at DuPont, was one
of the first commercially successful synthetic polymers.
Other important polymers that were developed during this
period include polyethylene, polystyrene, and PVC.
IJISRT23MAR652 www.ijisrt.com
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
Dr Mayank Dwivedi
Director / Scientist G
DMSRDE, DRDO Kanpur, India
In the 1950s and 1960s, scientists began to develop
new classes of polymers, such as polypropylene and PET,
that were more resistant to heat, chemicals, and other
environmental stresses. These polymers were used in a
wide range of applications, including food packaging,
automotive parts, and textiles.
In the 1970s and 1980s, researchers began to focus on
developing new polymer blends and composites that
combined the properties of different polymers. For
example, polycarbonate/ABS blends were used to make
impact-resistant automotive parts, while carbon fiber-
reinforced polymers were used in aerospace applications.
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in
developing new polymers that are more sustainable and
environmentally friendly. This has led to the development
of new biodegradable polymers, such as polylactic acid
(PLA), and the use of renewable feedstocks, such as plant-
based materials, to produce polymers.
Overall, the evolution of polymers has been driven by
advances in chemistry and materials science, as well as by
the needs of industry and society. The development of new
polymers has enabled the creation of new products and
applications that have transformed our world.
II. TYPES OF POLYMERS AND THEIR
FEATURES WITH CHATGPT
There are many different types of polymers, each
with its unique properties and applications. Here are some
of the most common types of polymers:
 Thermoplastics: These are polymers that can be melted
and reformed multiple times without undergoing any
significant chemical change. Examples include
polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and PVC.
 Thermosets: These are polymers that undergo a
chemical change when they are heated, which causes
them to harden and become infusible. Examples include
Bakelite and epoxy resins.
 Elastomers: These are polymers that can stretch and
return to their original shape. Examples include natural
rubber and synthetic rubber such as neoprene and
silicone rubber.
603
 Volume 8, Issue 3, March – 2023
 Biodegradable Polymers: These are polymers that are
capable of being broken down by natural processes into
smaller, less harmful molecules. Examples include
polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA),
and starch-based polymers.
 Conductive Polymers: These are polymers that have
electrical conductivity, which makes them useful in
applications such as electronics and sensors. Examples
include polyaniline and polypyrrole.
 Composite Polymers: These are polymers that are
reinforced with other materials, such as glass fibers or
carbon fibers, to improve their strength and stiffness.
Examples include carbon fiber-reinforced polymers
(CFRP) and glass fiber-reinforced polymers (GFRP).
 Liquid Crystalline Polymers: These are polymers that
have a crystalline structure in the liquid state. They have
unique properties such as high strength, stiffness, and
heat resistance. Examples include Vectra and Xydar.
These are just a few examples of the many different
types of polymers that exist, each with its own set of
unique properties and applications.
ChatGPT is a powerful and flexible conversational AI
tool that can revolutionize the way businesses interact with
customers and manage their operations.
Fig. 1: Types of polymers and their features with ChatGpt
III. ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS PROPERTIES OF
POLYMERS WITH EXAMPLES
Polymers have a wide range of properties that make
them useful in various applications. Some of the most
common properties of polymers are:
 Mechanical properties: These properties relate to a
polymer's strength, stiffness, and toughness. Examples of
polymers with high mechanical properties include
Kevlar, which is used in body armor, and carbon fiber-
reinforced polymers (CFRP), which are used in
aerospace applications.
 Thermal properties: These properties relate to a
polymer's ability to withstand high temperatures without
degrading. Examples of polymers with high thermal
properties include polyimides, which are used in high-
temperature applications such as aircraft engines, and
polyphenylene oxide (PPO), which is used in electrical
and electronic components.
IJISRT23MAR652 www.ijisrt.com
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
 Electrical properties: These properties relate to a
polymer's ability to conduct or insulate electricity.
Examples of polymers with high electrical properties
include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which is used in
electrical wiring and piezoelectric sensors, and
polyaniline, which is used in electronic displays.
 Optical properties: These properties relate to a
polymer's ability to transmit, reflect, or absorb light.
Examples of polymers with high optical properties
include polycarbonate, which is used in eyeglasses and
headlights, and acrylic, which is used in displays and
lighting.
 Chemical resistance: These properties relate to a
polymer's ability to resist degradation and corrosion from
chemicals. Examples of polymers with high chemical
resistance include polypropylene, which is used in
chemical storage tanks, and polytetrafluoroethylene
(PTFE), which is used in chemical processing equipment.
 Biocompatibility: These properties relate to a polymer's
ability to interact with living tissue without causing harm
or rejection. Examples of polymers with high
biocompatibility include polyethylene glycol (PEG),
which is used in drug delivery systems, and polylactic
acid (PLA), which is used in medical implants.
These are just a few examples of the various
properties of polymers, each of which makes them useful in
different applications.
IV. ANALYZING THE INNOVATIVE
CHALLENGES AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
OF POLYMER AND RELATED MATERIAL
BASED ON AI CHATBOT (CHATGPT)
RESPONSES
Polymer science is a rapidly evolving field with many
current challenges and problems that need to be solved.
Some of the major challenges and problems in polymer
science include:
 Sustainability: The growing demand for polymers has
led to concerns about their impact on the environment.
Researchers are working on developing sustainable and
biodegradable polymers to reduce their environmental
impact.
 Recycling: Many polymers are difficult to recycle,
leading to a significant amount of plastic waste.
Researchers are working on developing new methods for
recycling and repurposing polymers to reduce waste.
 Durability: While polymers are lightweight and strong,
they can degrade over time and lose their mechanical
properties. Researchers are working on developing
polymers with enhanced durability to extend their
lifespan.
 Energy efficiency: The production of polymers is
energy-intensive, and there is a need to develop more
energy-efficient processes for polymer synthesis.
 Biocompatibility: While polymers have many medical
applications, there is a need to develop polymers that are
more biocompatible to reduce the risk of rejection or
other adverse reactions.
604
Volume 8, Issue 3, March – 2023
 Processability: The processing of polymers can be
challenging, especially when it comes to large-scale
manufacturing. Researchers are working on developing
new processing techniques to improve the efficiency and
scalability of polymer production.
 Understanding polymer structure and behavior:
Despite decades of research, there is still much to learn
about the structure and behavior of polymers, including
their molecular dynamics and interactions with other
materials. Researchers are working on developing new
techniques to study polymers at the molecular level and
to gain a better understanding of their properties and
behavior.
These are just a few examples of the current
challenges and problems in polymer science. Addressing
these challenges will require a multidisciplinary approach
and collaboration between researchers in fields such as
chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering.
V. ADVANTAGES OF POLYMER OVER
OTHER MATERIALS
Polymer materials have several advantages over other
materials, which make them useful for a variety of
applications. Here are some advantages of polymers over
other materials:
 Lightweight: Polymers have a lower density compared
to many other materials, making them lightweight and
easy to handle. This property makes them ideal for use in
applications where weight reduction is important, such as
in aerospace, automotive, and sporting equipment. For
example, carbon fiber-reinforced polymers are used in
the construction of lightweight and durable components
for airplanes and race cars.
 Durable: Polymers can be engineered to have high
durability and resistance to wear, tear, and degradation.
This makes them ideal for use in applications where high
mechanical strength is required, such as in construction
materials, packaging, and medical devices. For example,
high-density polyethylene (HDPE) is commonly used in
the construction of pipes and containers due to its
excellent durability.
 Versatile: Polymers can be engineered to have a wide
range of properties, including thermal, electrical, optical,
and mechanical properties. This makes them versatile
and suitable for a variety of applications. For example,
polycarbonate is used in the construction of eyeglass
lenses and automobile headlights due to its optical clarity
and high impact resistance.
 Cost-effective: Polymers can be produced at a lower cost
compared to many other materials, making them a cost-
effective option for a variety of applications. For
example, polyethylene is used in the production of plastic
bags and films due to its low cost and ease of production.
Biocompatible: Polymers can be engineered to be
biocompatible, which makes them suitable for medical
applications such as drug delivery systems and implants.
For example, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a
biodegradable polymer that is commonly used in the
production of drug delivery systems.
IJISRT23MAR652 www.ijisrt.com
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
These are just a few examples of the advantages of
polymers over other materials. Polymers offer unique
properties and characteristics that make them a useful
material for a wide range of applications.
VI. DISADVANTAGES OF POLYMER OVER
OTHER MATERIALS
While polymers offer several advantages over other
materials, some disadvantages need to be considered. Here
are some disadvantages of polymers over other materials:
 Environmental Impact: Many polymers are not
biodegradable and can persist in the environment for
hundreds of years. This can lead to pollution and harm to
wildlife. For example, plastic bags are a major source of
pollution in oceans and can harm marine animals.
 Flammability: Some polymers are highly flammable
and can pose a fire hazard. For example, polystyrene is
highly flammable and can release toxic fumes when
burned.
 Limited temperature range: Some polymers have
limited temperature ranges and can deform or melt at
high temperatures. For example, low-density
polyethylene (LDPE) has a low melting point and can
deform at high temperatures.
 Limited chemical resistance: Some polymers are not
resistant to certain chemicals and can degrade when
exposed to them. For example, polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
is not resistant to some organic solvents and can degrade
when exposed to them.
 Limited mechanical properties: While some polymers
can be engineered to have high mechanical properties,
others may have limited mechanical properties compared
to other materials. For example, some polymers may not
have the same strength or stiffness as metals.
These are just a few examples of the disadvantages of
polymers over other materials. It is important to consider
the specific properties and characteristics of polymers when
selecting them for a particular application, taking into
account both their advantages and disadvantages.
Additionally, research is ongoing to develop more
sustainable and environmentally-friendly polymers that can
overcome some of these limitations.
VII. ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT WAYS TO
IMPROVE THE VARIOUS PROPERTIES OF
POLYMERS
Polymers can be improved in several ways to enhance
their properties for specific applications. Here are some
examples of how polymer properties can be improved and
their corresponding applications:
 Adding fillers: Fillers such as glass fibers, carbon fibers,
and nanoparticles can be added to polymers to improve
their mechanical properties such as strength, stiffness,
and toughness. For example, carbon fiber-reinforced
polymers are used in aerospace and automotive
applications due to their high strength-to-weight ratio.
 Chemical modifications: The chemical structure of
polymers can be modified to improve their properties
605
 Volume 8, Issue 3, March – 2023
such as thermal stability, biocompatibility, and electrical
conductivity. For example, poly(ether ether ketone)
(PEEK) is a high-performance polymer used in medical
implants and aerospace applications due to its excellent
thermal stability and biocompatibility.
 Cross-linking: Cross-linking polymers can improve their
mechanical properties such as strength, stiffness, and
creep resistance. For example, cross-linked polyethylene
(PEX) is used in plumbing applications due to its high
resistance to stress cracking and chemical corrosion.
 Blending: Polymer blending can improve their
properties such as impact resistance, flexibility, and
processability. For example, acrylonitrile butadiene
styrene (ABS) is a polymer blend used in automotive and
electronics applications due to its excellent impact
resistance and processability.
 Surface treatments: Surface treatments such as plasma
treatment, corona discharge, and UV radiation can
improve the surface properties of polymers such as
adhesion, wettability, and surface energy. For example,
plasma-treated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is used
in food packaging applications due to its improved
barrier properties and adhesion.
These are just a few examples of how polymer
properties can be improved to enhance their properties for
specific applications. The selection of the appropriate
method to improve polymer properties depends on the
specific application and desired performance requirements.
VIII. THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF POLYMER
NANOCOMPOSITES
Polymer nanocomposites are materials made by
dispersing nanoparticles within a polymer matrix. The
addition of nanoparticles to a polymer can enhance its
properties, such as mechanical strength, thermal stability,
and barrier properties. Here are some types of polymer
nanocomposites and their properties:
 Clay-based nanocomposites: Clay nanoparticles, such
as montmorillonite, can be added to a polymer matrix to
create clay-based nanocomposites. These composites
exhibit improved mechanical properties, reduced
flammability, and improved barrier properties.
 Carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites: CNTs can
be added to polymers to create composites with high
mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, and electrical
conductivity. CNT nanocomposites have potential
applications in electronics, aerospace, and energy
storage.
 Graphene nanocomposites: Graphene is a two-
dimensional material that can be added to polymers to
create composites with improved mechanical strength,
thermal stability, and barrier properties. Graphene
nanocomposites have potential applications in
electronics, sensors, and energy storage.
 Metal oxide nanoparticle nanocomposites: Metal oxide
nanoparticles, such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide,
can be added to polymers to create composites with
improved mechanical and thermal properties, as well as
ultraviolet (UV) resistance. These composites have
IJISRT23MAR652 www.ijisrt.com
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
potential applications in packaging, coatings, and
biomedical materials.
 Cellulose nanocomposites: Cellulose nanocrystals can
be added to a polymer matrix to create composites with
improved mechanical strength and thermal stability.
These composites have potential applications in
packaging, biomedical materials, and paper products.
Overall, the addition of nanoparticles to a polymer
matrix can greatly enhance its properties and expand its
potential applications. However, the dispersion of
nanoparticles within the polymer matrix can be
challenging, and the properties of the resulting
nanocomposite can depend on the type of nanoparticle, its
concentration, and the processing conditions used to create
the composite.
IX. THE APPLICATIONS OF POLYMER
NANOCOMPOSITES
Polymer nanocomposites have numerous applications
in various industries due to their enhanced properties over
traditional polymers. Here are some examples of their
applications:
 Packaging industry: Polymer nanocomposites are used
to create packaging materials with improved barrier
properties and mechanical strength. For example,
nanocomposites based on clay nanoparticles are used to
create food packaging materials that have improved gas
barrier properties and reduced permeability to moisture
and organic compounds.
 Automotive industry: Polymer nanocomposites are used
in the automotive industry to create lightweight and
strong parts that can improve fuel efficiency and safety.
For example, nanocomposites based on carbon nanotubes
or graphene are used to create parts such as bumpers,
body panels, and engine components.
 Electronics industry: Polymer nanocomposites are used
in the electronics industry to create materials with
improved electrical and thermal conductivity, and
mechanical strength. For example, nanocomposites based
on carbon nanotubes or graphene are used to create
conductive films, sensors, and energy storage devices.
 Biomedical industry: Polymer nanocomposites are used
in the biomedical industry to create implants and drug
delivery systems with improved mechanical and
biocompatibility properties. For example,
nanocomposites based on hydroxyapatite nanoparticles
are used to create bone scaffolds, while nanocomposites
based on silver nanoparticles are used to create wound
dressings with antimicrobial properties.
 Energy industry: Polymer nanocomposites are used in
the energy industry to create materials for energy storage,
conversion, and harvesting applications. For example,
nanocomposites based on metal oxide nanoparticles are
used in solar cell applications to improve light absorption
and charge separation.
Overall, polymer nanocomposites have a broad range
of applications across various industries, thanks to their
enhanced properties, and their potential to create novel and
606
Volume 8, Issue 3, March – 2023
improved materials for specific applications is still being
explored.
X. THE VARIOUS COMMERCIAL
APPLICATIONS OF POLYMERS AND THEIR
NANOCOMPOSITES
Polymers and their nanocomposites have a wide
range of commercial applications across many industries.
Here are some examples of commercial applications of
polymers and their nanocomposites:
 Packaging: Polymers are widely used in packaging
applications due to their light weight, flexibility, and low
cost. Nanocomposites can improve the mechanical and
barrier properties of polymer films, making them suitable
for food and beverage packaging. For example, nylon-
clay nanocomposites are used in packaging applications
due to their excellent gas barrier properties and resistance
to oxygen permeation.
 Automotive: Polymers are used in automotive
applications due to their lightweight and low cost.
Nanocomposites can improve the mechanical properties
of polymers, making them suitable for structural
applications such as body panels and interior
components. For example, carbon fiber-reinforced
polymer composites are used in high-performance sports
cars and aircraft due to their high strength-to-weight
ratio.
 Electronics: Polymers are used in electronics
applications due to their electrical insulation properties
and low dielectric constant. Nanocomposites can
improve the thermal conductivity and mechanical
properties of polymers, making them suitable for
electronic packaging and heat dissipation applications.
For example, aluminum nitride nanoparticles can be
added to epoxy resins to improve their thermal
conductivity and mechanical properties.
 Aerospace: Polymers are used in aerospace applications
due to their lightweight and resistance to corrosion.
Nanocomposites can improve the mechanical and
thermal properties of polymers, making them suitable for
structural applications such as aircraft wings and
fuselages. For example, graphene oxide-reinforced epoxy
composites are being investigated for aerospace
applications due to their high strength and thermal
stability.
 Biomedical: Polymers are used in biomedical
applications due to their biocompatibility and low
toxicity. Nanocomposites can improve the mechanical
and biocompatibility properties of polymers, making
them suitable for medical implant applications. For
example, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles can be added to
polyethylene to improve its biocompatibility and
mechanical properties for use in hip implants.
These are just a few examples of commercial
applications of polymers and their nanocomposites. As
research and development in polymer science continue,
new applications and innovations are expected to emerge in
the future.
IJISRT23MAR652 www.ijisrt.com
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
XI. THE VARIOUS APPLICATIONS OF
DIFFERENT POLYMERS IN SPACE
SCIENCES
Polymers have a wide range of applications in space
sciences, from lightweight and durable materials for
spacecraft structures to thermal protection systems for re-
entry vehicles. Here are some examples of polymers used
in space applications:
 Polyimides: Polyimides are a class of high-performance
polymers that have excellent thermal stability and
mechanical properties. They are used in the insulation of
electrical wires and cables, as well as in the construction
of lightweight and durable spacecraft structures.
Examples of polyimides used in space applications
include Kapton and Vespel.
 Carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP): CFRP
composites have a high strength-to-weight ratio and are
used in the construction of lightweight and stiff
structures for spacecraft, such as satellite components
and rocket fairings. Examples of CFRP used in space
applications include Hexcel's HexPly and Toray's T800S.
 Silicone rubber: Silicone rubber is a highly elastic
polymer that can withstand extreme temperatures,
making it useful in applications such as thermal
protection systems for re-entry vehicles. Examples of
silicone rubber used in space applications include Dow
Corning's Q3-6548 and Momentive's RTV615.
 Polyethylene: Polyethylene is a lightweight and durable
polymer that is used in the construction of space suits
and other protective equipment for astronauts. Examples
of polyethylene used in space applications include
Dyneema SB61 and Spectra Shield.
 Polyetheretherketone (PEEK): PEEK is a high-
performance polymer that has excellent mechanical and
thermal properties, making it useful in a variety of space
applications. It is used in the construction of lightweight
and durable components for spacecraft and satellites, as
well as in thermal management systems. Examples of
PEEK used in space applications include Victrex's PEEK
90HMF40 and Solvay's Zeniva ZA-520.
These are just a few examples of the various
polymers used in space sciences. Polymers play a critical
role in enabling space exploration by providing
lightweight, durable, and high-performance materials for
spacecraft and other space applications.
XII. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, polymers have become an integral part
of our daily lives, with a wide range of applications across
many industries. Polymers have several advantages over
traditional materials, such as their low cost, lightweight,
and flexibility, and they can be easily modified to suit
specific application requirements. The use of
nanocomposites has further enhanced the properties of
polymers, allowing them to be used in more demanding
applications such as aerospace, electronics, and medical
implants. However, there are still challenges and
limitations in polymer science, such as the need for more
sustainable and eco-friendly materials, and the
607
Volume 8, Issue 3, March – 2023
development of more efficient recycling methods.
Nonetheless, the ongoing research and development in
polymer science promise to bring new advancements and
applications in the future. Also, Polymer nanocomposites
have a broad range of applications across various
industries, thanks to their enhanced properties, and their
potential to create novel and improved materials for
specific applications in the future. Ongoing research in both
areas is focused on improving the properties and
developing new applications for these materials. Overall,
polymers have a wide range of applications in various
fields and are an important area of study for advancing
technology and addressing real-world problems.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author is thankful to Director of DMSRDE,
Kanpur for permitting this work.
REFERENCES
[1.] Reiter, Günter. "Some unique features of polymer
crystallisation." Chemical Society Reviews 43.7
(2014): 2055-2065.
[2.] Pitsa, Despoina, and Michael G. Danikas.
"Interfaces features in polymer nanocomposites: A
review of proposed models." Nano 6.06 (2011): 497-
508.
[3.] Meier, Michael AR, Jürgen O. Metzger, and Ulrich
S. Schubert. "Plant oil renewable resources as green
alternatives in polymer science." Chemical Society
Reviews 36.11 (2007): 1788-1802.
[4.] Manners, Ian. "Polymers and the periodic table:
recent developments in inorganic polymer science."
Angewandte Chemie International Edition in
English 35.15 (1996): 1602-1621.
[5.] Mark, Herman F. Encyclopedia of polymer science
and technology, 15 volume set. Vol. 14. New York,
NY, USA:: Wiley, 2014.
[6.] Thakur, Vijay Kumar, and Michael R. Kessler.
"Self-healing polymer nanocomposite materials: A
review." Polymer 69 (2015): 369-383.
[7.] Fu, Shaoyun, et al. "Some basic aspects of polymer
nanocomposites: A critical review." Nano Materials
Science 1.1 (2019): 2-30.
[8.] Lippert, Thomas, and J. Thomas Dickinson.
"Chemical and spectroscopic aspects of polymer
ablation: Special features and novel directions."
Chemical Reviews 103.2 (2003): 453-486.
[9.] Hassan, Yusuf Abdullahi, and Hailong Hu. "Current
status of polymer nanocomposite dielectrics for
high-temperature applications." Composites Part A:
Applied Science and Manufacturing 138 (2020):
106064.
[10.] Tan, Daniel Q. "The search for enhanced dielectric
strength of polymer‐based dielectrics: a focused
review on polymer nanocomposites." Journal of
Applied Polymer Science 137.33 (2020): 49379.
[11.] Gonzalez, David, Jose Garcia, and Brittany Newell.
"Electromechanical characterization of a 3D printed
dielectric material for dielectric electroactive
IJISRT23MAR652
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
polymer actuators." Sensors and Actuators A:
Physical 297 (2019): 111565.
[12.] Bar-Cohen, Yoseph, and Qiming Zhang.
"Electroactive polymer actuators and sensors." MRS
bulletin 33 (2008): 173-181.
[13.] Bar-Cohen, Yoseph, ed. Electroactive polymer
(EAP) actuators as artificial muscles: reality,
potential, and challenges. Vol. 136. SPIE press,
2004.
[14.] Nisar, Saima, and Muhammad Shahzad Aslam. "Is
ChatGPT a Good Tool for T&CM Students in
Studying Pharmacology?." Available at SSRN
4324310 (2023).
[15.] Zhu, Yun, et al. "How Can ChatGPT Benefit
Pharmacy: A Case Report on Review Writing."
(2023).
[16.] Seiler, R., & Wüest, S. (2022). AN ONLINE
EXPERIMENT ON THE STEREOTYPE
CONTENT MODEL (SCM) AND CHATBOTS–
DOES SWAPPING THE PICTURE MAKE A
DIFFERENCE?. In 20th International Conference e-
Society 2022, Virtual, 12-14 March 2022 (pp. 131-
138). IADIS.
[17.] Jackson, C. Nanotechnology for Plant Genetic
Engineering.
[18.] Aydın, Ö., & Karaarslan, E. (2022). OpenAI
ChatGPT generated literature review: Digital twin in
healthcare. Available at SSRN 4308687.
[19.] Thorp, H. H. (2023). ChatGPT is fun, but not an
author. Science, 379(6630), 313-313.
[20.] Dash, R., McMurtrey, M., Rebman, C., & Kar, U. K.
(2019). Application of artificial intelligence in
automation of supply chain management. Journal of
Strategic Innovation and Sustainability, 14(3), 43-
53.
[21.] Kousiouris, G., Tsarsitalidis, S., Psomakelis, E.,
Koloniaris, S., Bardaki, C., Tserpes, K., ... &
Anagnostopoulos, D. (2019). A microservice-based
framework for integrating IoT management
platforms, semantic and AI services for supply chain
management. ICT Express, 5(2), 141-145.
[22.] Toorajipour, R., Sohrabpour, V., Nazarpour, A.,
Oghazi, P., & Fischl, M. (2021). Artificial
intelligence in supply chain management: A
systematic literature review. Journal of Business
Research, 122, 502-517.
[23.] Modgil, S., Singh, R. K., & Hannibal, C. (2022).
Artificial intelligence for supply chain resilience:
learning from Covid-19. The International Journal of
Logistics Management, 33(4), 1246-1268.
[24.] Fosso Wamba, S., Queiroz, M. M., Guthrie, C., &
Braganza, A. (2022). Industry experiences of
artificial intelligence (AI): benefits and challenges in
operations and supply chain management.
Production Planning & Control, 33(16), 1493-1497.
[25.] Verma, Manish. "Integration of AI-Based
Chatbot(ChatGPT) And Supply Chain Management
Solution To Enhance Tracking And Queries
Response", in International Journal for Science and
Advance Research In Technology, Feb 2023
www.ijisrt.com 608
Volume 8, Issue 3, March – 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
[26.] Verma, Manish."Smart contract model for trust
based agriculture using blockchain technology", in
International journal of research and analytical
reviews, Vol. 8 Issue 2, April 2021 (pp. 354-355)
[27.] Verma, Manish. "Modeling Identity Management
System Based on Blockchain Technology", in
International Journal of Research Publication and
Reviews, Vol. (2) Issue (4) (2021) (pp. 450-452)
[28.] Bernard, Zoë. "Everything you need to know about
Bitcoin, its mysterious origins, and the many alleged
identities of its creator." Business Insider. Archived
from the original on 15 (2018).
[29.] Casino, Fran, Thomas K. Dasaklis, and
ConstantinosPatsakis. "A systematic literature
review of blockchain-based applications: current
status, classification and open issues." Telematics
and Informatics 36 (2019): 55-81.
[30.] Non-Corruptible Supply Chain Management using
Blockchain Technology" Published in International
Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and
Development (IJTSRD), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-
5 | Issue-3, April 2021, pp.1037-1039
[31.] Verma Manish. "Building predictive model owned
and operated by public infrastructure that uses
blockchain technology", in International Journal For
Science And Advance Research In Technology |
Vol. 7,Issue 4, April 20
[32.] Zawish, M., Ashraf, N., Ansari, R. I., Davy, S.,
Qureshi, H. K., Aslam, N., & Hassan, S. A. (2022).
Toward On-Device AI and Blockchain for 6G-
Enabled Agricultural Supply Chain Management.
IEEE Internet of Things Magazine, 5(2), 160-166.
[33.] Spanaki, K., Karafili, E., & Despoudi, S. (2021). AI
applications of data sharing in agriculture 4.0: A
framework for role-based data access control.
International Journal of Information Management,
59, 102350.

IJISRT23MAR652 www.ijisrt.com 609