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EXERCISE
Tick ( ) the correct answer.
❶ To which group does a lizard belong to?
(a) Amphibians (b) Rep les (c) Birds (d) Mammals
❷ To which group does the cat belong to?
(a) Amphibians (b) Rep les (c) Birds (d) Mammals
❸ Fishes breathe through:
(a) lungs (b) skin (c) gills (d) mouth
❹ All vertebrates have:
(a) lungs (b) gills (c) backbones (d) jointed legs
❺ Which group out of these is found only in the ocean?
(a) Fish (b) Insects (c) Echinoderms (d) Amphibians
Write down short answers to the following ques ons
❶ Define biodiversity.
Ans: Biodiversity, also called biological diversity, is the variety of life found in a place
on Earth or, o en, the total variety of life on Earth.
❷ What are endangered species? State any two measures for the conserva on of
endangered species.
The animals or plants which do are at risk of ex nc on, i.e., there are a few of them
that might soon be wiped out are called endangered animals.
Measures to conserve the endangered animals:
v Minimize the use of fer lizers, which harm the organisms leading to their death.
v Never purchased products made from endangered species.
❸ How are worms different from insects?
Ans: Insects are arthropods and have 3 body segments and six legs. They also have an
exoskeleton. Worms are more primi ve and don’t have exoskeletons or jointed
appendages. They have no skeleton at all and are more simple life forms.

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❹ Write two differences between amphibians and rep les.
Amphibians Rep les
v These are the vertebrates with smooth and v These vertebrates have rough and scaly skin.
mostly moist skin. v Some of them spend most of their me in
v They live on land as well as in water. water, while other live on land.
❺ Differen ate between flowering and non-flowering plants.
Flowering plants Non-f lowering plants
v The plants that produce flower in order to v The plants that do not produce flower in
reproduce are known as flowering plants. order to reproduce are known as non-
flowering plants.
❶ What is difference between monocots and docots?
Ans:
Monocot Dicot
Ø The flowering plants whose Ø The flowering plants whose
seeds have only one cotyledon seeds have two cotyledons are
are called monocot plants. called dicot plants.
Ø The word ‘mono’ means one Ø The word ‘di’ means two
Ø Example of monocot plants are Ø Examples of dicot plants are
palms, grains, corn, wheat and sunflowers are sunflowers,
rice. mango and rose.
❷ How are vertebrates are different from invertebrates?
Ans:

Vertebrates
Ø They have an internal skeleton
Ø They have a backbone
Ø They are large animals
Invertebrates
Ø They have external skeleton
Ø They do not have backbone.
Ø Most of them are small and
slow moving animals.

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 ❸ Which characteris cs differen ate organisms of rep les from birds ?
Rep les Birds
Ø Rep les have rough and scaly Ø Birds have feathers and a beak.
skin. Ø They use their wings to fly.
Ø Rep les lay eggs on land. Ø They are warm-blooded
Ø They are cold-blooded animals. animals.
❹ How can we save biodiversity
Ans: In order to protect bio diversity, we need to avoid plas cs whenever possible and
where we cannot avoid them then we must reduce, reuse and recycle. To reduce
energy use you can switch off lights or any electronic appliances when not in use,
avoid non-recyclables when ordering food from your favorite restaurant, opt for
reusable bags when going shopping. We need to reduce the nega ve impacts of
biodiversity and halve the footprint of produc on and consup on.

❺ What is the five kingdom system and classifica on? Also explain kingdom
fungi and animalia?
Ans: All living organisms are divided into five main groups known as kingdoms
The names of five kingdoms and the example of living things that
belongs to these kingdoms are given below:
❶ Kingdom Monera ❷ Kingdom Pro sta ❸ Kingdom fungi
❹ Kingdom Animalia ❺ kingdom plantae
Kingdom fungi:
v Mould yeasts and mashroom are divided are included in kingdom
fungi.
v They have lack of chlorophyll and cannot prepare their own food
and depends upon other organisms.
Kingdom Animalia
v Kingdom animalia includes organisms that are mul cellular in
nature and mo le, named as animals.
v They cannot produce their own food and depends upon plants
and other animals for their food, so they are called
heterotrophs.

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❻ Describe the need and importance of classifica on
Classifica ons of living organisms are important because:
Ø It makes the study of living organisms easy.
Ø It enables us to understand the characteris cs of animals or
plants.
Ø It helps us to understand the similari es and differences among
living organisms.
Ø Without classifica on, it would be impossible to know the exact
number of living organisms on earth.

❶ Why can’t whales live outside the ocean?

Ans: Whales have an incredibly thick layer of insula ng blubber. Without the water
to keep them cool, they overheat and lose too much water via evapora on from
their lungs. That’s why they cannot live outside the ocean.
❷ Why frogs have long legs and moist skin?
Ans: Like a giant lung, the thin moist skin allows gases to pass through, helping the
frog to breathe. To keep the skin working well, frogs must stay clean and moist.
And they have long legs to help them jump and swim. On land, the legs act
almost like big springs. They have powerful muscles and the strength and
length.