Speaking - Ted Talk Material - C1 (Part2) APMT PDF

Lakshmi Pratury – The Lost Art of Letter-Writting
Letter
How to Make Your Writing Communicate

Effective writing allows the reader to thoroughly understand everything you are
saying. This is not always easy to do. Here are a few tips that will help you:
1. Know your goal and state it clearly. Do you want the reader to do something for
you or are you merely passing along information? Do you want a response from
the reader or do you want him to take action? Clarity is key.
2. Tone can help your writing be more effective. Certain forms of communication,
like memorandums and proposals need a formal tone. Writing to someone you
know well would need a more informal tone.
3. Explain in clear terms what you want the reader to do. They may do nothing if
they do not understand. Also, they may not even want to try to help if the
communication is vague and sloppily written.
4. Language needs to be simple. Do not overuse clichés, jargon, and expressions or
try to impress with big words. Keep sentences and paragraphs
paragraphs short and concise.
5. Less is more when it comes to length. Leave out words that do not contribute to
the main focus of the communication. This can make the reader work harder to
know why you wrote.
6. Using an active voice will strengthen your writing. Sentences that are written in
the active voice will flow better and are easier to understand. Long, complicated
sentences will slow the reader down,
down, even more so if they are written in the
passive voice.
7. Good grammar and punctuation are very important. It is a good ideaide to have
someone else proofread your writing before you send it. If you cannot do that,
then try reading it out loud.
ELTE International School – TED Talk based training (C1) Part 2 Page 1
Prepare to give a speech lasting approximately 1 minute about the following topics:
Written communication:
The importance of choosing the most appropriate style and tone in different written
communication types.
Legacies:
The importance of leaving long-lasting emotional legacies.
Hand-written letter writing
The importance of preserving hand-writing
Match the following words (1-10)
(1 with their definition (a-j):
1. inevitable (adj.)
2. be (all) for (something) (phrase)
3. give up (phrasal
phrasal verb)
verb
4. trade (v)
5. soul-searching (adj.
adj.)
6. penmanship (n)
7. hound someone (idiomatic expression)
8. witness (v)
9. crave (v)
10. whirlpool (v)
a) to stop doing something that you do regularly

b) involving or expressing deep and anxious consideration of one's emotions or
motives.
c) to support or be in favour of something
d) to see or know by personal experience
e) a rapidly rotating current of water; a vortex.
f) unable to be stopped
g) to hunt, chase, or pursue someone relentlessly.
h) to have an intense desire for
i) to exchange (something) for something else
j) the art or skill of writing by hand
The two most common prefixes in in English that make a word into its opposite are in-
and un- They bring the sense of “not” to an adjective, and they cause trouble because
it is often not clear which one should be used for a particular word.
As a pretty flimsy general rule, un- goes with Germanic roots and in- goes with Latin
roots, as seen in these pairs: unfriendly, inamicable; unteachable; ineducable;
educable;
unbelievable, incredible.
credible. Still, just because a word has a Latin root doesn’t mean it
can’t go with un-:: see unproductive, unfortunate,
unfortunate, unreliable, undesirable,
unconscious…and so on. Un-Un is also usually found with adjectives formed from
participles ending in -ed
ed or -ing:
ing: undomesticated, undeveloped, undisciplined,
unconcerning, uncomprehending.
Infinitive and Gerund form of the verbs:
The infinitive is the ‘to’ form of the verb. Examples: to do, to work, to drive.
The gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding –ing. Examples: doing, working,
driving. That is why gerunds follow prepositions in many common expressions and after
phrasal verbs. Example: I’m thinking of visiting the States next year. They are interested in
studying French. You carry on doing his work. I’m looking forward to seeing you. She gave
up smoking.
V + ‘to’ infinitive:
The following verbs are followed by the ‘to’ infinitive and not by gerund:
agree arrange ask can’t afford

choose decide demand expect
fail hope learn manage
offer plan pretend promise
refuse seem threaten want
Examples:
I agree to do the presentation if you prepare the survey.
They can’t afford to buy a new car, but they chose to do it anyway.
He manages to convince people quite easily and pretends not to
influence them at all.
During the negotiation they promised to reduce the costs in 5%, but
they refuse to do it now.
V + object + ‘to’ infinitive:
The following verbs are followed by an object and the ‘to’ infinitive:
advise assist employ encourage

invite order persuade teach
tell urge want warn
Examples:
I advise you to study in the afternoon and employ her to teach you.
You want him to write the speech but there is no way you can persuade
him to do so.
V + gerund:
The following verbs are followed by a gerund and not by infinitives:
avoid can’t help can’t stand delay

deny dislike enjoy face
finish hate involve like
love mind miss postpone
practice risk suggest It’s no use
Examples:
When I finished writing the composition, she suggested changing the
topic.
I really enjoy drinking coffee, but I hate preparing it.
We cannot risk losing more sales in that city. We’ll delay increasing the
prices.
She loves reading and I can’t help buying new books for her in any
occasion.
V + infinitive or gerund:
Certain verbs can be followed by gerunds or infinitives, but their meaning changes.
The most common ones are:
stop + infinitive I stopped to write the I stopped what I was doing in

report order to write the report
+ gerund I stopped writing the I was writing the report, then I
report stopped
remember + infinitive He must remember to He has the obligation of
buy the presents buying the presents in the
future
+ gerund He remembers He bought the presents earlier
buying the presents and he remembers doing so
forget + infinitive They forgot to They did not remember to do it
book the room and the room is not booked
+ gerund They forgot They booked the room but do
having booked the not remember doing so
room
try + infinitive He tried to study for He made an effort to do so
about 8 hours a day
+ gerund He had even tried He tried as an experiment
working at weekends
regret + infinitive I regret to tell you that I am sorry to have to tell you
I cannot come that I can’t come now
+ gerund I now regret being so I regret something I have done
mean
mean + infinitive I only meant to Synonym of intend
tell you about the party
+ gerund If we leave at 6:00 it Synonym of involve
will mean getting up at
4:15
Exercises
Put the verb in the correct form:
1. I don't feel like ................................... (cook) anything new, so start ...........................

(eat) your fish like everybody else.
2. I can't imagine .................................. (live) without electricity.
3. We are supposed ................................. (arrive) before 12, but these trains are usually
late.
4. Nothing turned out ........................... (be) like we thought: temperatures were too
low ....................... (do) any skiing.
5. Have you ever heard Ron ....................... (play) the piano? He's very good at
.......................... (sing) too.
6. Though I normally hate .............................. (get up) early, the teacher insisted
on .............................. (leave) the school before 8 for the excursion.
7. Don't forget ........................... (close) before ............................ (leave).
8. Teachers used ............................ (be) kind to me at school.
9. You'd better ............................... (not drink) anything cold.
10. "I'd rather ............................. (be) a hammer than a nail"- song by Simon and Garfunkel.
11. Turkey is a wonderful country ............................... (visit)
12. As soon as you get used to ................................ (live) with her cat, everything will be
alright.
13. Mrs Brown threatened ....................... (call) the police
14. We were so used to ......................... (live) in cold weather that we were always hot in
other places.
15. Don't forget ............................ (close) gas before leaving.
16. The teenager denied ......................... (steal) the car in the car park.
17. Many people enjoy .............................. (travel) abroad for the summer.
18. Though very quietly, they were heard ........................ (go) upstairs
19. Jeff never talks about ........................... (leave) his job.
20. We were the first .......................... (arrive) but the seats were taken.
21. I talked to Andrew and advised ................... ................... a doctor (see/use a personal
pronoun)
22. I will never forget ........................... (dance) waltz on the ship.
23. I'm not very interested in ........................ (take) that test. I'd surely fail it.
24. Why don't you let me .............................. (explain) it to you.
25. We stopped ......................... (have) a drink and then kept on moving (move)
Reshma Saujani – Teach Girls Bravery, Not Perfection
Do you agree
with these
quotes? Why /
Why not?
1. behind the scenes (phrase)

(
2. fundraiser (n)
3. sitting (adj.)
4. disrupt the status quo (phrase)
5. polls (n)
6. upstart (n)
7. endorsement (n)
8. hottest (adj.)
9. raise money (phrase
phrase)
10. humiliating (adj.)
a. to change the way things are

b. support
c. out of sight of the public at a theatre or organization
d. to collect money for a special purpose
e. (of an MP or other elected representative) current; present.
f. a person who has risen suddenly in rank or importance, especially one who
behaves arrogantly (derogatory)
g. a person who helps gather money.
h. closest and most interesting
int (in a race)
i. very embarrassing
j. the process of voting in an election
Exercises
Best sports photos of 2019 according to CNN Sports
US soccer player Megan Rapinoe celebrates her first of two goals in the World Cup
quarterfinal win over France on June 28.
American Simone Biles competes on the floor exercise at the World Gymnastics
Championships on October 10. Biles won yet another gold in the individual all-around.
ShaoLan – Learn to Read Chinese ...... With Ease
Chinese language
The importance of learning to speak Chinese for conducting global business.
Studying Chinese
How to start and what to do to improve when studying Chinese.

Chinese
Studying languages
The importance of learning languages for business purposes.
Studying languages
Different ways of learning a language
Languages in the world
7,117 languages are spoken today (Ethnologue, 2019)
That number is constantly in flux, because we're learning more about the world's languages
every day. And beyond that, the languages themselves are in flux. They’re living and
dynamic, spoken by communities whose lives are shaped by our rapidly changing world.
This is a fragile time: Roughly 40% of languages are now endangered, often with less than
1,000 speakers remaining. Meanwhile, just 23 languages account for more than half the
world’s population.
English is the largest language in the world, if you count both native and non-
native speakers. If you count only native speakers, Mandarin Chinese is the
largest.
https://www.ethnologue.com/guides/most-spoken-languages
Polysemy is the capacity for a word or phrase to have multiple meanings.
character (n)
1) Moral strength; integrity: “It’s an educational program designed to develop character.”
2) A person considered funny or eccentric: “He’s quite a character.”
3) A person portrayed in an artistic piece, such as a drama or novel. “She’s the main
character.”
4) Status or role; capacity: “He speaks in his character as the father.
5) A mark or symbol used in a writing system.
6) In computer,a set of a set of symbols, such as letters or numbers, that are arranged to
express information.
1. treasured (adj.)
2. memories (n)
3. break down (phrasal
phrasal verb)
verb
4. stroke (n)
5. yell (v)
6. frantically (adv.)
7. saloon (n)
8. saying (n)
9. plank (n)
10. sparkle (n)
a. in a desperate way due to fear, anxiety, or other emotion

b. to destroy a physical structure
c. a short, commonly known expression which generally offers advice or wisdom.
d. shout in a loud, sharp way
e. cherished, valued or prized.
f. a glittering flash of light
g. a public bar, especially in the past in the western US.
h. something that is remembered
i. a flat piece of wood
j. line made with a brush or a pen
break down
a) Of a machine, to malfunction or break altogether.

“I'm afraid the blender is breaking down. It stopped working again today.”
b) To fail or cease. “Negotiations
Negotiations have broken down again.”
c) To dismantle a societal obstacle.
“We owe a lot to the pioneering activists of earlier eras, who battled prejudice
and broke down barriers.”
barriers
d) To lose control of one's emotions, often sadness, especially after trying not to
or after an intense buildup.
“My mother seemed fine this morning, but she completely broke down at the fu
neral and cried through the whole thing.”
You will hear people talking in five different situations connected with studying. For
questions 1-5 choose the best answer (A, B or C).
For questions 1-8, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the
first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use
between 3 and 6 words, including the word given.
KEY WORD TRANSFORMATION (3)
1) 'You took my bag, didn't you Kerry!' said Caroline

TAKING
Caroline accuse __________________________________________ bag.
2) You really mustn't smoke in the school.

MUST
Under ____________________________________________ smoke in the school.
3) 'Well done for passing your CAE exam Charlie', said Liz
CONGRATULATED
Liz _______________________________________________________ CAE exam.
4) I had only just fallen asleep when the phone rang and woke me up.
SOONER
No ________________________________________ the phone rang and woke me up.
5) 'I'm so sorry I'm late Kate', said Julie

APOLOGISED
Julie ____________________________________________________ late
6) 'The theft of the exam answer sheet wasn't down to me', said John
DENIED
John _____________________________________________ the exam answer sheet.
7) I only remembered that I hadn't put a stamp on the letter after I had posted it.
DID
Only after ____________________________________ that I hadn't put a stamp on it.
8) 'Driving on the left in England is really difficult for me', said Ben.
DRIVING
Ben wasn't __________________________________________ on the left in England.
Siegfried Woldhek – The Search for the true face of Leonardo
Self-portraits:
Elements to consider when making a self-portrait.
Selfies:
When and why taking selfies.
How far will you go to take the perfect selfie?! Dangerous selfies.
A 2018 study of news reports showed that between October 2011 and November 2017,
there were 259 selfie deaths in 137 incidents reported globally, with the highest occurrences in India,
followed by Russia, United States, and Pakistan.
profile (n)
1) A representation of an object or structure seen from the side

2) An outline of an object
3) Degree of exposure to public notice; visibility “He keeps a low profile.”
4) A biographical account presenting the subject's most noteworthy characteristics and ac
hievements.
5) A set of characteristics that identify or are thought to identify a particular type of person.
(1 with their definition (a-g):
1. find out (phrasal

phrasal verb)
verb
2. en face (adj.)
3. three-quarter view (n)
4. fit the bill (phrase)
5. hold onto your seat (phrase)
6. zoom in (phrasal
phrasal verb)
verb
7. forehead (n)
a) be suitable for a particular purpose

b) to (cause a camera or computer to) make the image of something or
someone appear much larger and nearer
c) facing forwards
d) to learn by study, observation, or search : discover
e) phrase used to warn people that something surprising is about to happen.
f) a view of a face or any other
oth subject which is half-way
way between a full and a
profile view
g) the flat part of the face,
face above the eyes and below the hair
IN OUT
break in = interrupt: “He

He broke in to their break out = escape: “The
The prisoners managed to
conversation to add that he couldn’t work break out.”
overtime.”
bring in = introduce: “She

She has brought in some bring out = make more noticeable: “The
“ lemon
changes to the company.” brings out the taste of the strawberries.”
strawberries
fill in = bring someone up to date: “Can

“ you fill fill out = complete a form: “You
You need to fill out
me in on the new project?” all the sections on this form.”
take in = understand: “II still can’t take in the take out = withdraw money: “I’ve
I’ve taken out a lot
news.” of money from my account recently.”
recently
work in = incorporate: “Is

Is there any way of work out = get better: “Everything
Everything worked out
working in this paragraph? The text is a little well in the end.”
unclear otherwise.”
Make a reduced relative clause. These sentences all need an active clause.
1) We broke the computer (the computer belongs to my father)
2) The man is in the garden (the man is wearing a blue jumper)
3) We found a doctor (the doctor works at a hospital in Madrid)
4) People will not be allowed to enter (people have arrived late)
5) Don't wake the baby (the baby is sleeping in the next room)
Are you familiar with these album covers? Have you heard the music from these
albums? Do you think the cover art illustrates the music in the album?
Self-portraits and album covers
Shawn Mendes / Bob Dylan / Blur / Bob Dylan / Mike Oldfield / David Bowie
Art
For questions 1-12, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap.
Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example
0 HAS
Art (0)....................... always been a controversial topic of conversation and is a subject

which is sure to raise many an argument.
Whether you have a passion (1) ........................... sculpture or are crazy

(2)............................ abstract art, we have to agree that there is a place for all genres.
One of the most controversial artists of our time is the French performance artist,
Orlan. She (3) ................................a scandal with her first work, "The Kiss of the Artist",
in which she sold kisses to the audience, and (4) ..............................actually fired from
her teaching job as a direct result of this. Once she got a taste (5) ...............................
shocking the public, though, there was no stopping her and she often found herself in
(6) ..................................water following one of her exhibitions.
Abstract art is often not thought of as "proper art" and sometimes it's hard to tell if a
painting is either upside (7) ....................................... or the wrong way (8)
................................ However, art doesn't always have to be controversial or cutting
egde. Many people take (9)............................ art as a hobby and a way of relaxing. Self
expression is a form of relaxation and many people believe that once you
(10)................................. it a try, you will never give it (11) ................................. The
question is, how can you tell if someone really does like your painting or whether they
are just telling a little (12) ....................................... lie?

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Lakshmi Pratury – The Lost Art of Letter-Writting

How to Make Your Writing Communicate

The importance of leaving long-lasting emotional legacies.

Hand-written letter writing

The importance of preserving hand-writing

a) to stop doing something that you do regularly

agree arrange ask can’t afford

V + object + ‘to’ infinitive:

advise assist employ encourage

The following verbs are followed by a gerund and not by infinitives:

avoid can’t help can’t stand delay

stop + infinitive I stopped to write the I stopped what I was doing in

Put the verb in the correct form:

1. I don't feel like ................................... (cook) anything new, so start ...........................

1. behind the scenes (phrase)

a. to change the way things are

The importance of learning to speak Chinese for conducting global business.

How to start and what to do to improve when studying Chinese.

The importance of learning languages for business purposes.

Different ways of learning a language

a. in a desperate way due to fear, anxiety, or other emotion

a) Of a machine, to malfunction or break altogether.

1) 'You took my bag, didn't you Kerry!' said Caroline

2) You really mustn't smoke in the school.

5) 'I'm so sorry I'm late Kate', said Julie

Elements to consider when making a self-portrait.

When and why taking selfies.

1) A representation of an object or structure seen from the side

1. find out (phrasal

a) be suitable for a particular purpose

break in = interrupt: “He

bring in = introduce: “She

fill in = bring someone up to date: “Can

work in = incorporate: “Is

2) The man is in the garden (the man is wearing a blue jumper)

3) We found a doctor (the doctor works at a hospital in Madrid)

4) People will not be allowed to enter (people have arrived late)

Art (0)....................... always been a controversial topic of conversation and is a subject

Whether you have a passion (1) ........................... sculpture or are crazy

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