B-H Curve (Magnetisation Curve)

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 Explanation of B-H Curve:

• Initially, the iron core material possess zero flux density (at point ‘o’). When
magnetic intensity (H) or current (let 2 A) is allowed to flow through it then magnetic
flux is produced on iron core (magnetic core). If we increase the value of current (like
4A, 6A, 8A), the flux density (B) increases. After certain point (at point ‘b’), the
value of flux density (B) become constant even though the current increases (let 10A,
12A,..). Hence we can say that the magnetic core get its saturated value.
• Now, current is decreases. The flux density is also decreases. Current is again
decreases to zero. Then, it is observed that the flux density is not become zero rather
it possess some finite value (let 3Wb/m). This value is called Retentivity of magnetic
material.
• Now, current is allowed to flow in opposite direction, the flux density continue to
decreases and becomes zero. This point is called coercive point. Current is allowed to
increases in opposite direction, flux density is also increases in opposite direction. At
certain point it attain saturated value as like earlier case. And same thing is repeated.
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• Retentivity: (oc, of)

It is a residual flux r magnetism that magnetic core possess when current through its
associated coil is zero. It is due to lagging effect of magnetic flux density (B) with
respect to Magnetic intensity (H).

• Coercivity: (oe, og)

The amount of Magnetic intensity (H) required to reduce the residual magnetism equal
to zero is called coercive force. This phenomena is called Coercivity.

• Saturation: (Point b, e)

Maximum flux density (B) that can be produced in a magnetic material for any
increasing order of Magnetic intensity (H)