Morphology

- Identifying bound and free morphemes in a word

Bound Morphemes
Morpheme
Free Morphemes
 It is the most fundamental and smallest unit of meaning in language. 
- Restart
Example:  - Unhappy
 Word:Racecar - Kindness
Race (free) + Car (free)  = Racecar — Compound words
Racecar (the stem) + “-s” = Racecars — Bound morpheme
 Morpheme + Morpheme = Stem 

Two Kinds:
 Bound Morphemes:
a. Inflectional Morphemes
- these change what a word does in terms of grammar, but does not create a new word.
- changes the GRAMMAR
- Ex:
 “-s” (noun plural) — “He has 3 desserts”
 “-s” (noun possessive) – “ Jeremy’s car”
 “-s” (verb present tense) – “He reads a book.”
 “-ed” (verb past tense) – “He baked the dessert yesterday”
 “-en” (verb past participle) – “That’s a broken plate.”
 “-ing” (verb present participle) – “I’m cleaning the room.”
 “-er” (adjective comparative) – “A bigger book.”
 “-est” (adjective superlative) – “Her book is the largest”

b. Derivational Morpheme
- completely alter the meaning of a word.
- grant a word their own entry in the dictionary. 
- changes the MEANING
- Ex: 
 “Ful” - Beautiful, Tasteful, Cheerful
 “Able” - Walkable, Understandable, Loveable
 “Able” - Walkable, Understandable, Loveable
- Prefixes and Suffixes
 Free Morphemes:
- a morpheme that can stand on its own as words
a. Lexical Morphemes
- content words
- without lexical morphemes, a word loses most of its meaning.
- almost all words have at least one lexical morpheme.
- Ex:
 Rabbit
 Hole
 Water
 Establish
 Bureau
 Student
b. Grammatical Morphemes (Function Words)
- bits of linguistic sound which mark the grammatical categories of language
(Tense, Number, Gender, Aspect)
- each of which has one or more functions (Past, Present, Future are functions of Tense;
Singular, and Plural are functions of Number).
- Ex:
 Articles (the, a, an)
 Demonstratives (this, that, those, these)
 Auxillary Verbs (will, is, must, does)
 Quantifiers (some, may, few)
 Prepositions (under, over, to, by)
 Pronouns (he, she, his, her)
 Conjunctions (for, and, but, or)
- not typically combined with affixes that change their meaning
- Finding out the amount of morphemes in a word

Word Morphemes Suffixes Prefixes Free Morphemes

Overwriting 4 1 1 2
Paramilitary 2 0 1 1
Islamophobic 3 2 0 1
Subterranean 3 1 1 1
Beautification 3 2 0 1
Astrophysicist 3 1 1 1
Antidepressant 3 1 1 1
Disenfranchised 4 1 2 1
Immaturity 3 1 1 1
Macrophotography 4 2 1 1

- Following instructions as written