POLAR AND

NONPOLAR
COVALENT
COMPOUNDS
Mr. Rommell B. Gutoman
Matter
◦ Anything that occupies space and has mass
◦ basic unit of matter is atom
Pure Substance Vs Mixture
◦ Pure substance – substance that are made up of one or more kinds of atoms
or elements
◦ Mixture – made up of substances that are physically combined together
Element Vs Compound
◦ Element – a pure substance that is made up of one kind of atom
◦ Compound – a pure substance that is made up of two or more kind of atoms
Valence Electrons
◦ Valence electrons – electron/s on the outermost energy level of the atom;
participates in the formation of chemical bonding
Types of Compounds
◦ Ionic – composed of a metal and nonmetal; includes a transfer of valence
electron/s from one atom to another; a metal becomes a cation and the
nonmetal becomes an anion
Types of Compounds
Types of Compounds
Types of Compounds
◦ Covalent – composed of nonmetals; includes sharing of valence electrons;
Electronegativity
◦ Electronegativity – measure of an atom to attract electron/s toward itself
Polar Covalent Compound
◦ Polar covalent compound – unequal sharing of valence electrons;
electronegativity difference is from 0.5 to less than 1.7
Nonpolar Covalent Compound
◦ Nonpolar covalent compound – equal sharing of valence electrons;
electronegativity difference of 0 to 0.4
Remember…