5

5 A particle P moves in a straight line, such that its displacement, x m, from a fixed point O, t s after
passing O, is given by x = 4 cos (3t) - 4 .

(i) Find the velocity of P at time t. [1]

(ii) Hence write down the maximum speed of P. [1]

(iii) Find the smallest value of t for which the acceleration of P is zero. [3]

(iv) For the value of t found in part (iii), find the distance of P from O. [1]

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9 (a)

xm

60

40

20

0 10 20 30 ts

The diagram shows the displacement-time graph of a particle P which moves in a straight line
such that, t s after leaving a fixed point O, its displacement from O is x m. On the axes below, draw
the velocity-time graph of P.

velocity
ms–1
6

0 10 20 30 ts

[3]

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 13

(b) A particle Q moves in a straight line such that its velocity, v ms–1, t s after passing through a fixed
3t
point O, is given by v = 3e -5t + , for t H 0.
2
(i) Find the velocity of Q when t = 0. [1]

(ii) Find the value of t when the acceleration of Q is zero. [3]

(iii) Find the distance of Q from O when t = 0.5. [4]

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 9

7 A particle moving in a straight line passes through a fixed point O. Its velocity, v ms -1 , t s after passing
through O, is given by v = 3 cos 2t - 1 for t H 0 .

(i) Find the value of t when the particle is first at rest. [2]

r
(ii) Find the displacement from O of the particle when t = . [3]
4

(iii) Find the acceleration of the particle when it is first at rest. [3]

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4 A particle P moves so that its displacement, x metres from a fixed point O, at time t seconds, is given by
x = ln (5t + 3) .

(i) Find the value of t when the displacement of P is 3m. [2]

(ii) Find the velocity of P when t = 0. [2]

(iii) Explain why, after passing through O, the velocity of P is never negative. [1]

(iv) Find the acceleration of P when t = 0. [2]

© UCLES 2018 4037/12/M/J/18

 5

5
v ms–1

10

O 4 k k+6 ts

The velocity-time graph represents the motion of a particle travelling in a straight line.

(i) Find the acceleration during the last 6 seconds of the motion. [1]

(ii) The particle travels with constant velocity for 23 seconds. Find the value of k. [1]

(iii) Using your answer to part (ii), find the total distance travelled by the particle. [3]

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 14

11 The velocity, v m s−1, of a particle travelling in a straight line, t seconds after passing through a fixed
4
point O, is given by v = 3.
`t + 1j
(i) Explain why the direction of motion of the particle never changes. [1]

(ii) Showing all your working, find the acceleration of the particle when t = 5 . [3]

(iii) Find an expression for the displacement of the particle from O after t seconds. [3]

(iv) Find the distance travelled by the particle in the fourth second. [2]

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 14

9 (a) A particle P moves in a straight line such that its displacement, x m, from a fixed point O at time t s
is given by x = 10 sin 2t - 5.

(i) Find the speed of P when t = r . [1]

(ii) Find the value of t for which P is first at rest. [2]

(iii) Find the acceleration of P when it is first at rest. [2]

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 15

(b)
v ms–1
V

0 5 10 15 20 25 ts

The diagram shows the velocity–time graph for a particle Q travelling in a straight line with
velocity v ms-1 at time t s. The particle accelerates at 3.5 ms-2 for the first 10 s of its motion and
then travels at constant velocity, V ms-1, for 10 s. The particle then decelerates at a constant rate
and comes to rest. The distance travelled during the interval 20 G t G 25 is 112.5 m.

(i) Find the value of V. [1]

(ii) Find the velocity of Q when t = 25. [3]

(iii) Find the value of t when Q comes to rest. [3]

Question 10 is printed on the next page.

© UCLES 2020 4037/12/M/J/20
 9

9 A particle travels in a straight line. As it passes through a fixed point O, the particle is travelling at a
velocity of 3 ms–1. The particle continues at this velocity for 60 seconds then decelerates at a constant
rate for 15 seconds to a velocity of 1.6 ms–1. The particle then decelerates again at a constant rate for
5 seconds to reach point A, where it stops.

(a) Sketch the velocity-time graph for this journey on the axes below. [3]

v ms–1

O ts

(b) Find the distance between O and A. [3]

(c) Find the deceleration in the last 5 seconds. [1]

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4
(a)

xm
150

100

50

0 50 65 85 125 ts

The diagram shows the x–t graph for a runner, where displacement, x, is measured in metres and
time, t, is measured in seconds.

(i) On the axes below, draw the v–t graph for the runner. [3]

v ms–1

4
3
2
1

0 50 65 85 125 ts
-1
-2
-3
-4

(ii) Find the total distance covered by the runner in 125 s. [1]

© UCLES 2020 4037/13/O/N/20

 (b) The displacement, x m, of a particle from a fixed point at time t s is given by x = 6 cos b3t + l.
r
3
2r
Find the acceleration of the particle when t = . [3]
3

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7
(a) In this question, all lengths are in metres and time, t, is in seconds.

displacement

50

40

30

20

10

0 10 20 30 40 time
–10

The diagram shows the displacement–time graph for a runner, for 0 G t G 40 .

(i) Find the distance the runner has travelled when t = 40 . [1]

(ii) On the axes, draw the corresponding velocity–time graph for the runner, for 0 G t G 40 . [2]

velocity

6
5
4
3
2
1
0 10 20 30 40 time
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
–6

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 9

(b) A particle, P, moves in a straight line such that its displacement from a fixed point at time t is s.
1
The acceleration of P is given by `2t + 4j
-
2, for t 2 0 .

(i) Given that P has a velocity of 9 when t = 6 , find the velocity of P at time t. [3]

1
(ii) Given that s = when t = 6 , find the displacement of P at time t. [3]
3

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8
A particle moves in a straight line so that, t seconds after passing through a fixed point O, its velocity,
v ms -1 , is given by v = 3t 2 - 30t + 72 .

(a) Find the distance between the particle’s two positions of instantaneous rest. [6]

(b) Find the acceleration of the particle when t = 2 . [2]

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8
A particle moves in a straight line so that, t seconds after passing through a fixed point O, its velocity,
v ms -1 , is given by v = 3t 2 - 30t + 72 .

(a) Find the distance between the particle’s two positions of instantaneous rest. [6]

(b) Find the acceleration of the particle when t = 2 . [2]

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10
(a) A particle P travels in a straight line so that, t seconds after passing through a fixed point O, its
displacement, s metres from O, is given by
31 e t
s= - - 10e -t .
3 3
(i) Find the value of t when P is at instantaneous rest, giving your answer correct to 2 significant
figures. [4]

(ii) Find the distance travelled in the first two seconds. [3]

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 (b) A particle Q travels in a straight line so that t seconds after leaving a fixed point O, its velocity,
v ms -1 , is given by
v = 2t for 0 G t G 5 ,
v = t 2 - 8t + 25 for t 2 5 .

(i) On the axes below, sketch the velocity-time graph for the first 8 seconds of the motion of
particle Q. [2]

v ms–1
30

25

20

15

10

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ts

(ii) Showing all your working, find the distance travelled by Q in the first 8 seconds of its motion.
[5]

© UCLES 2021 4037/24/M/J/21 [Turn over

 14

11 (a)

v ms-1

60

30

0 10 25 35 55 ts

The diagram shows the velocity–time graph for a particle P, travelling in a straight line with
velocity v ms -1 at a time t seconds. P accelerates at a constant rate for the first 10 s of its motion,
and then travels at constant velocity, 30 ms -1 , for another 15 s. P then accelerates at a constant
rate for a further 10 s and reaches a velocity of 60 ms -1 . P then decelerates at a constant rate and
comes to rest when t = 55.

(i) Find the acceleration when t = 12 . [1]

(ii) Find the acceleration when t = 50 . [1]

(iii) Find the total distance travelled by the particle P. [2]

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 15

(b) A particle Q travels in a straight line such that its velocity, v ms -1 , at time t s after passing through
a fixed point O is given by v = 4 cos 3t - 4 .
5r
(i) Find the speed of Q when t = . [2]
9

(ii) Find the smallest positive value of t for which the acceleration of Q is zero. [3]

(iii) Find an expression for the displacement of Q from O at time t. [2]

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 16

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© UCLES 2021 4037/12/O/N/21