1. Natural orator and became frequent speaker in meetings of radical groups.

He would be
radicalizing force among Filipinos
2. 28. The First Filipino Colony  the banquet led to first organizations of Filipinos in Madrid Early
1882 they founded the Circulo-Hispano Filipino under the leadership of Juan Atayde, a retired
Spanish army officer of the Philippines by birth. In its manifesto of 20 April 1882, signed by the
acting president, Rear Admiral Claudio Montero y Gay, its secretary, Juan Atayde, the Circulo
expressed its thanks to Minister Leon y Castillo, to whose “support and personal mediation it owes
its existence”
3. 29. The First Filipino Colony  In September 1882, Jose Rizal arrived in Madrid to study medicine
and he endeavoured to give substance to Circulo in faith that it will unite the Philippines.  the
Circulo founded a bi-weekly news paper called Revista del Circulo Hispano-Filipino, whose first
number appeared on 29 octobr 1882. (*it doesn’t last long)  Pardo de tavera merely says that
“Some Spaniards from the Philippines who wrote in it, quickly stopped doing so when they saw
the anti-Spanish character which it was beginning to take.”
4. 30. The First Filipino Colony  In 1883 both Circulo and its paper is dead because of the withdrawal
of the older member’s support and the cessation of the subsidy which had come from the overseas
ministry with the fall of the government. In 1884, Rizal made new attempts to revive the Cirulo,
but did not succeeded.
5. 31. Jose Rizal  Jose Rizal did not only serve as the link with the first nationalist movement which
ended tragically; he was to play a decisive role in shaping the course of the later movement  Jose
Rizal Mercado y Alonso was born in a prominent family in Calamaba, Laguna.  Jose Rizal’s father
studied at Colegio de San Jose and his mother in Colegio de Santa Rosa in Manila, his parental
grandfather has been a gobernadrocillo various times and from his mother’s side there were
several relatives who had held minor posts, and a number of lawyers and priests.
6. 32. Jose Rizal  his older brother, Paciano had studied at Colegio de San Jose, and had been a
pupil and a close friend of Father Jose Burgos, with him he was living up to hi execution in 1872.
(*nephew of Father Burgos helped him to get a place in manila – Jesuit Ateneo Municipal) All
these connections with Burgos greatly influenced Jose Rizal which is clear from his letter to the
Filipino colony in Barcelona: “Had not been for 1872, Jose Rizal would now be Jesuit, and instead
of writing the Noli Me tangere, would have written the opposite.”
7. 33. Jose Rizal  young Jose Rizal is a serious deeply religious boy as his adolescent memoirs and
the accounts of his Jesuit professor reveal.  Jose Rizal is very fond of Jesuits during his student
years, even after he forsook his catholic religion he never stopped to visit them, he only did when
they themselves decided so. He only renewed his contact once more during his exile in Dapitan
and in his last hours he was accompanied by Jesuits from the Ateneo Municipal.
8. 34. Jose Rizal In his writing when he was just 18 (1879), he says, “My second year as border [1876-
77] was like the first, except that in the time there had been a great development of my patriotic
sentiments, as well as of an acute sensitivity” In 1880 his composition “A la juventud Filipina”
won the prize offered in Manila for the best poem by an indio mestizo. (* in it he calls on the
Filipino youth, “Fair hope of my fatherland”.)
9. 35. Jose Rizal  In 1881 the Liceo Artistico-Literario of Manila, which has offered the prize
previously mentioned, offered another in a single contest, open to Peninsulars and Filipinos, to
honor Cervantes. Again, Jose Rizal still a medical student of nineteen, won the first prize this time
over various peninsular journalists and friar professors of the university, with an allegory entitled
“El Consejo de los Dioses”.  One night in 1880, he passed in the darkness a lieutenant of the civil
guard without knowing who it was, without saying a word struck him with his sword, wounding
him.
10. 36. Jose Rizal  Because of this incident he came to the palace of the governor-general, Fernando
Primo de Rivera to demand justice, but not only he was served none, he didn’t even get to see the
general. (*this incident made a deep impression on him) For him, the incident demand the
equality of Filipino and Peninsular, it obsess Jose Rizal ‘s thoughts in the years to come, and its
denial in theory and practice would goad him into a clash with the offenders, NO MATTER WHAT
THE COST.
11. 37. Jose Rizal  the inequality leads Jose Rizal of breaking his studies at the University of Sto.
Tomas and leaving Philippines for Europe. (*but this was not all the reason)  the correspondence
with his brother Paciano and with other close friends, though couched in somewhat guarded
terms, at least makes clear that Jose Rizal and Paciano regarded his studies in Europe as means of
fulfilling patriotic mission, or of preparing himself to do something for his country.
12. 38. Jose Rizal  he had left without informing his parents, whose disapproval he apparently feared,
secretly assisted by his brother and hi uncle, who has send him money for his support abroad.  A
letter of Paciano was sent few weeks after his departure, speaks of distress of his parents and how
did he carry to let it be secret even unto his own father . The letter also says that, in the town of
Calamba, his departure was subject of attempts at conjecture for many days, “but none of them hit
the mark”.
13. 39. Jose Rizal  Paciano hoped that Jose Rizal would not stay in Barcelona to complete his
medical course, since “the principal object of your journey to Europe is not to perfect yourself in
that career, but in other matters of greater utility, or, to say the same thing in other words, in that
which you are more inclined.”  the following moth his cousin and close friend Vicente Gella wrote
Jose Rizal that the sorely missed him while he was in “search of the good we all desire. . . May God
Assist you in return for the good which you are doing on behalf of your countrymen”.
14. 40. Jose Rizal  another friend suggest that he study law as well for “it will be much use of the
purpose you have in mind”.  a few days after arriving in Barcelona Jose Rizal wrote to his family
about how Jesuits there that was introduced to him by his professor from Ateneo, had helped him
lodging, and had lent him money until his funds from the Philippines arrive.  I have gone through
their college, and am making studies on various matters in order to apply them there when I get
back”.
15. 41. Jose Rizal  Jose Rizal wrote to Paciano later that year; “Tell your friends, those who have
resources, that I invite their sons to come to these parts. I would wish that the coming generation,
that which is to govern and direct Calamba by the principles of the twentieth century, may be a
generation of brilliant light, intelligent and progressive”.
16. 42. Jose Rizal  engaging in politics in Spain did not seem to be part of his plans, for he wrote later
one of sisters, apparently explaining why he would not make use of political influence to get
himself a government post, “ I … have always considered myself here as foreigner, and … have not
concealed my indifference to all who have proposed that I join political parties…” *for a time he
considered professorship on his homeland but he will never be accepted by the Dominicans who
now looked at him with suspicion.
17. 43. Jose Rizal  Diaryong Tagalog  short-lived bilingual nationalist news paper of Manila  chiefly
the work of Filipinos, Basilio Teodoro Moran and Marcelo H. Del Pilar, but the titular ownership of
the paper was vested in Francisco Calvo y Munoz, a peninsular functionary who allied himself at
this time, and later in Spain, with Filipino nationalists. Jose Rizal was asked by Teodoro to
contribute articles to the news paper, the first of these, “El amor Patrio”, appeared in the issue of
20 August 1882.
18. 44. Jose Rizal Jose Rizal said that it is fitting that we too should be grateful to our beloved
country; “In the fashion then the ancient Hebrews, who offered in the temple the first fruits of their
love, we, in the foreign land, will dedicate our first accebts to our country, still wrapped in the
 clouds and mists of the morning, but always fair and poetic, ever more fervently worshipped, in
proportion to our distance an the length of our absence from her.”
19. 45. Jose Rizal  in this paragraph of Jose Rizal he sings the praises of love of country. He calls on
his countrymen to love their country, as men in ever age have loved and fought and died for theirs.
He concludes: “Love her, yes! But not as men loved in other times, practicing fierce virtues, virtues
rejected and reprobated by true morality and by mother nature! Not by glorying in fanaticism, in
destruction, in cruelty, no! A more smiling dawn now appears on the horizon, of soft and peaceful
rays, messenger of life and of peace; the true dawn of Christianity, an omen of days of happiness
and tranquillity. Our duty will be to follow the arid, but peaceful and productive paths of
knowledge, which lead on to progress; and from there to the union desired and prayed for by Jesus
Christ in the night of His Passion.”
20. 46. Jose Rizal  the clear distinction of the Philippines from Spain, “foreign land”, caused many
Spaniard in Manila to frown, as his brother-in-law wrote him some months later, warning him to
“to be careful, because you seem to be on their list”.  few months later news paper ceased to
publication for lack of funds, struck by the twin disasters of devastating typhoon and the cholera
epidemic of 1882 .
21. 47. Jose Rizal  1880 – 1882 Pedro Paterno, Gregorio Sanciano, Jose Rizal – Each on his own way
had begun to articulate growing consciousness among Filipinos abroad that they were not merely
vassals of Apian, but people equal and distict, with their own to seek and cherish.
22. 48. THANK YOU !