Professional Documents
Culture Documents
This lesson will guide you in understanding a very important concept in the teaching and
learning process-classroom management. Specifically, the objectives of this lesson are the
following:
Discuss the concept of classroom management and
Analyze the classroom management models used by teachers in the classroom.
Educational Theory
Classroom management refers to the strategies used by teachers in order to make sure
that students will be able to learn well. This includes the techniques and skills used by teachers to
ensure that students exhibit behaviors that help promote learning (“What is Classroom
Management?” 2018).
Teachers manage the class with the ultimate goal of avoiding disruption. There are four
learning, and assertive discipline (Simpson 2015).
Behaviorism or Skinner’s Model focuses on ensuring that students are guided by rules.
Teachers who adopt this model make sure that students follow riles. Reinforcement is used to
ensure that students follow the classroom rules. If the students follow, good behavior is
recognized through praise or other forms of reward. If the students misbehave or do not follow
rules, the behavior is either ignored or punished.
The Choice Theory or the Glasser Model values the importance of making students
understand the reasons behind their behavior so that they can make responsible choices. Teachers
who use this approach see themselves as facilitators in guiding students make the right decisions.
They ensure that the activities, curriculum, and the learning environment will be able to address
the needs of the students. Classroom rules are still very essential to regulate behavior. However,
teachers who use this model encourage students to reflect and discuss their actions and improve
their behavior if rules have not been followed.
The learner-directed learning or Jones Model states that the role of the teachers is to help
students develop self-control. As a facilitator, teachers empower students to be responsible from
their own learning and actions. Through appropriate gestures, a system of incentives and
guidance, teachers help students manage their own behavior (Simpson 2015).
Guided Practice
Daily Routine:
The classroom management model that adheres to me the most is the authoritative model
because it has the right balance of teacher authority and students’ involvement. As a future
educator, I want to establish a strong foundation of professional relationship with my students
where we can learn from each other and contribute to each other’s growth and development.
Processing
The classroom management model that appeals to me the most is the authoritative model because
it allows teacher and students to have a good relationship inside and outside the classroom while
still showing respect to each other.
In my own opinion, the most important factors that teachers need to consider in managing the
class is the students’ attitude and classroom diversity. A teacher should observe and practice
fairness and equality in providing learning opportunities to students. No students are the same
and alike; teachers should always come up with teaching strategies that is suitable to the learning
needs of the students.
Reflection
I realized that:
Classroom management commands order and discipline inside the classroom. If the classroom
rules and standards are followed by the students obediently, then classroom movement will be
systematic and organized.
I believed it is essential to:
Establish classroom routine that will maintain the order of the classroom so that the learners can
focus and concentrate on the lesson without any disturbances from the surroundings.
Become a facilitator of learning which aims to help students become the best version of
themselves. As a future teacher, I want my students to live a purposeful and successful life. I will
use the best of my skills and knowledge to ensure that my students will achieve their heart’s
desire.
Source, Greg Tabios Pawilen, et.al. (2019). Rex Printing Company, Inc.Quezon City.
This lesson will guide you in understanding how discipline is linked with classroom
management. Specifically, the objectives of this lesson are the following:
Discuss the importance of classroom management and
Analyze the importance of discipline in classroom management
Education Theory
How well students benefit from the learning process would depend to a large extent on
how teachers manage the class. The way the teacher organizes the learning environment, the
curriculum and how students interact with one another play a significant role in the way students
would learn. Often, classroom management is linked with discipline. Students’ behavior or
misbehavior are often linked with classroom management. Misbehavior is always linked with
disruption in classroom management (Osher, et al.2010). As such, when talking about classroom
management, teachers often make sure that discipline is often taken into consideration.
Guided Practice
Interview a teacher. Summarize his/her response and write it on the space provided after each
question.
1. How do you manage your class?
Learn about each student on a personal level. Establish a relationship of trust and understanding
with them. Make sure that your nonverbal behavior and Para verbal communication show that
you care about each student. Review and display your expectations for the classroom so that
everyone can see them. Expectations should be basic, straightforward, and positive statements
about what you "can do."
2. What is the greatest challenge that you have encountered so far in terms of classroom
management?
The greatest challenge that I have encountered so far in terms of classroom management is to
keep the students from being distracted at all times, especially in class. Some students today have
shorter attention span which makes them to be easily distracted.
3. What do you think are the essential considerations in managing the class?
The diversity of the classroom and the attitudes of the students are, in my opinion, the most
critical elements that teachers must take into account when managing the class. When giving
children the chance to study, a teacher should uphold justice and equality and put these principles
into practice. Since no two students are the same and have the same learning needs, teachers
should always develop teaching tactics that are appropriate for their needs.
Processing
Examine the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:
Questions Answers
1. What can you say about classroom Classroom management are important in
management? maintaining order and organization in the
classroom.
2. How can teachers effectively implement You might increase students' interest in you
classroom management? by doing this. Always be respectful to your
students. Create a fun learning environment
that promotes student engagement and the
growth of soft skills. Show an interest in the
lives of your students outside of the
classroom.
Reflection
I realized that:
It is important to have effective classroom management because how effectively teachers run
their classes will have a significant impact on how well students gain from the learning process.
Students' learning is greatly influenced by the way the teacher sets up the classroom, the
curriculum, and how the students interact with one another.
Source, Greg Tabios Pawilen, et.al. (2019). Rex Printing Company, Inc.Quezon City.
This lesson will guide you in understanding how properly write a daily lesson plan.
Specifically, the objectives of this lesson are the following:
Determine the basic parts of a lesson plan
Write a sample daily lesson plan; and
Discover the daily lesson log
Educational Theory
One of the daily tasks of the teacher is to prepare a daily lesson plan or sometimes called
a learning plan. For the veteran teachers, writing a lesson plan is as easy as breathing. But for the
beginning teachers, writing a lesson plan is probably their greatest challenge.
According to DepEd Order 42, series of 2016, planning lesson is fundamental to ensuring
the delivery of teaching and learning in schools. These guidelines aims to support teachers in
organizing and managing their classes and lessons effectively and efficiently and ensure the
achievement of learning outcomes. Furthermore, preparing lessons through the Daily Lesson
Log(DLL) or Detailed Lesson Plan (DLP) provides the teacher an opportunity for reflection on
what learners need to learn, how learners learn, and how best to facilitate the learning process.
A lesson plan according to Reece and Walker (2003) has two functions:
1. A strategy or plan for teaching and
2. A series of cues to be used during the lesson.
Moreover, the lesson plan is intended to help you proceed logically without being bound
to your notes, but even with detailed planning, every eventuality cannot be catered for so the
lesson plan is essentially tentative and flexible. A lesson plan should not limit you in your
approach and it should contain sufficient flexibility to cater the circumstances as they arise in the
session.
A daily lesson plan does not have a general format. Some lesson plans follow a certain
pattern such as 4 A’s (Activity, Analysis, Abstraction, Application) or 5 E’s (Engage, Explore,
Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate) while some schools customize their lesson plan format.
Nonetheless, every lesson plan must contain the following basic parts:
1. Instructional Objectives
2. Subject Matter
3. Content
4. Learning Resources
5. Values Integration
6. Procedures; and
7. Assignment
Moreover, a daily lesson log is an outline version of a detailed lesson plan and defined in
DepEd Order 42, series of 2016, as a template teachers use to log parts of their daily lesson. The
DLL covers a day or a week’s worth of lessons.
Guided Practice
A. With the permission of your cooperating teacher, paste a sample daily or detailed lesson plan.
Answer the following questions below:
1. What are the parts of the sample detailed or daily lesson plan?
I. Specific Objectives
II. Subject Matter
III. Procedure
IV. Abstraction
V. Application
VI. Assessment
VII. Assignment
VIII. Reflection
IX. Remarks
2. Which among the basic parts of a lesson plan does the sample plan include?
I. Specific Objectives
II. Subject Matter
III. Procedure
IV. Abstraction
V. Application
VI. Assessment
VII. Assignment
VIII. Reflection
IX. Remarks
3. What are the other parts of the sample lesson plan which is not included in the basic parts of
the lesson plan?
Subject/Grade Level/Section
Content Standard
Performance Standard
Learning competencies
Daily routine
Motivation/Recall Awareness
Lesson proper/Activity
Teachers and students can better understand the goals of a module of instruction with the help of
a well-written lesson plan. A lesson plan makes it possible for the teacher to turn the curriculum
into instructional activities and connects the instructional materials with the assessment.
2. When do the teachers write the lesson plan, daily or weekly? Why?
The teachers write the lesson plan weekly. The steady progression through the curriculum and
modules for the course or subject is taken into account in a weekly plan. In contrast to longer-
term planning, which is significantly more generic, a weekly plan frequently contains more
precise goals, tasks, and procedures for each class during the course of a normal five-day week.
3. How do they check, evaluate, and monitor the lesson plans of the teachers?
lesson Planning Quality 1: Clear Learning Objectives
Lesson Planning Quality 2: Building on Prior Knowledge
C. With the guidance of your cooperating teacher, write a detailed lesson plan here:
Date: Quarter: 2
Duration: 60 mins
Subject: English 10
Grade Grade 10
level/Section:
Content
Standard:
Performance
Standard:
S:
https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F
%2Fznnhs.zdnorte.net%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads
%2F2021%2F01%2FEng-10-Wk-3.pdf%3Ffbclid
%3DIwAR2yb1cADnvbphZSNn0bb8CclvNBgM5xd_N-y7D-
GPdIKEoouEUnfutDbhI&h=AT1RrmllQE_PokLq_m4ZqY0f8
CctW94wApCTz4-YT-J8O1Z3Akm760Leckvjtx9wEeUT-
TV9nsOUnG4GLBSVnXQhINU2M4LcKJRd2FFuzhowCFQS
EDaFiPkV0cwIEpS8kQUYWA
(Daily routine)
d. Topic Recall Who can remember the lesson discussed (Pointed student)
last week? Yes? Argumentative Text
2. Adverbs
3. Evaluative
Language (Adjectives)
4. Transitional
Devices
5. Declarative
Statement
Okay very good!
6. Rhetorical
Questions
7. Passive Voice
e. Motivation
True or False?
GROUP 1: Poem
GROUP 2: Song
GROUP 3: Rap
GROUP 4: Argument
start now.
Keeps the doctor
away
Good things happen to good
people.
I really think
cats are the From my point of view, egg came
best pet one
first before chicken.
could ever
have.
h. Analysis 1. How did you find the activity? (the answers may
2. Going back to the pictures, what vary)
can you say about the statements?
3. Do you think these statements are
examples of opinion or assertion
4. Do you say these statements in
real life too?
USEFUL EXPRESSION TO
EXPRESSING OPINION
Add strength
Formal Phrases
Assertion?
USEFUL EXPRESSION TO
EXPRESSING OPINION
Okay, Sir
Common Phrases
Add strength
Formal Phrases
XI. Assignment Class, for your assignment, research on; Okay, Sir
Processing
Examine the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:
The importance of writing a lesson plan is it encourages instructors on the research team to
reflect deeply on the lesson and its implications. Here are some things to consider: The
objectives of the research lesson.
2. In preparing the lesson plan, which part is the most difficult to prepare?
I think the most difficult part in preparing a lesson plan is formulating objectives.
3. Which do you think is the most important part of a lesson plan? Why?
The most important part of a lesson plan is the objectives because it aids students’ in articulating
what the students should be able to perform after the instruction, which helps to create more
successful lesson plans, activities, and evaluations.
Reflection
I realized that:
Lesson planning is important as it provides teachers a clear framework of the lesson is delivered.
Source, Greg Tabios Pawilen, et.al. (2019). Rex Printing Company, Inc.Quezon City.
Name and signature of Resource Teacher: ________________________________________
Ask your Resource Teacher to check your written lesson plan and allow you to implement it
through actual teaching demonstration. Let your Resource Teacher evaluate you using the
attached Rating Sheet.
The whole experience was like a rollercoaster ride for me. I never had any idea
about what to do because it was my first time to actually have a teaching
demonstration. Unlike students from other major, who already have experienced
it, I was unprepared and not ready. After my mentor checked my lesson plan, she
pointed out some areas that I need to improve on. I got a sigh of relief knowing
that I don’t have to change so many from my lesson plan and what I really need
to do now is to prepare my instructional materials. I didn’t knew that the whole
preparation was going to be so exhausting and financially taxing. I already have
spent a lot of money from printing and buying other materials that I need for my
activities. Not to mention, the sleepless nights that I have to endure just to finish
editing my detailed lesson plan and my instructional materials. The experience
was tiring, but deep down I know that it’s going to be all worth it.
The day of my pre-teaching demonstration has come and I’ve never felt so
scared yet so excited at the same time in my entire life. I wasn’t fully read yet,
but I needed to push through with it. I entered the room and prayed to god to
sustain me in that afternoon. And he did; he answered my prayers and I was able
to pull through with my demonstration. I was so happy during that time. I knew
that my performance is not perfect yet and still flawed, but I am satisfied with the
results. I couldn’t have done it without the support of my mentor, and my friends
who helped me arranged everything. And most importantly, my parents for not
giving up on me. Truly, it was an experience that I would never forget.
This lesson will guide you in selecting good topics and questions for action research
which you can do when you become a professional teacher. Specifically, the objectives of this
lesson are the following:
1. Discuss the criteria for selecting good topics and questions for action research;
2. Identify good topics and questions for action research; and
3. Analyze topics of action research done in a school.
Educational Theory
Conducting action research become more interesting if the topics abd research questions
are mentally engaging. Many research failed because the topics are irrelevant and the questions
are invalid. Some research also do not reflect an educational issue that needs an immediate
response. Thus teacher researchers should know how to select good topics and develop good
research questions based on the topic selected.
The Alberta Teachers’ Association (200) also suggested the use of affinity charting for
collaborative action research:
Brainstorm issues of concern or interests relating to your educational context.
Record each item on a separate note.
Group your items using affinity charting. Place the most diverse statements on the
table in a row. Place items that have a common theme or focus in each column.
Review and reflect on the placement. Do some items fit better in a different
column?
Develop a draft research question that reflects the key issue in each column.
Choose the question that interests you the most and is possible to study.
In selecting the research questions, the following suggestions could be considered by the
teacher-researchers:
The question should not be answerable by yes or no.
The questions could provide opportunities for deeper exploration and reflection on
educational issues
The questions should reflect the variables mentioned in the research title.
The data needed to answer the questions are accessible.
The questions can be studied within the time frame set for the action research.
The question should focus on understanding issues and providing solutions.
Guided Practice
A. Preliminary Activity. Examine all the available action research conducted within the past two
years. Write the titles and the research questions for each title in the table below.
Title of Research Research Questions
Factors that Contribute to Gadget What are the common reasons why
Dependency Among Grade 10 students of students use gadgets?
Section Galatians and Chronicles of Bais What are the positive and negative effects
City National High School SY: 2022-2023 of using gadgets?
How does the use of gadgets affect your
academic performance?
Factors Contributing to the Improvement What are the factors that contribute to the
of English Proficiency among Grade 7 Factors Contributing to the Improvement
Students of Bais City National High of English Proficiency among Grade 7
School SY: 2022-2023 Students of Bais City National High
School?
Which among these factors contribute the
most to the students’ English proficiency?
Do these factors help the students
improve their English proficiency?
B. Interview the teacher-researcher using these questions. Summarize and write their answers in
the space below.
a. How did you select your topics for action research?
Finding out the common problems that the school is currently facing.
c. How did you select the questions for your action research?
1 month
Improvement of Reading Comprehension among Grade 10 Students of Bais City National High
School SY: 2022-2023
1. What are the factors that contribute to the Improvement of Reading Comprehension among
Grade 10 Students of Bais City National High School?
2. Which among these factors contribute the most to the Improvement of Reading
Comprehension among Grade 10 Students of Bais City National High School?
3. How does reading comprehension affects your academic excellence?