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7 C’S OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

1. Clear: Plan ahead! Know your purpose and convey your ideas in a unified manner.
2. Coherent: Organize your thoughts in a logical, structured progression.
3. Concise: Budget your words wisely; ensure your writing contains only what’s necessary.
4. Concrete: Use specific and precise language, use measurable descriptors and avoid vague
language.
5. Correct: Adhere to proper grammar, punctuation, and document structure.
6. Complete: Give all the important information and answer all relevant questions.
7. Courteous: Format so that the document is easy to read. Use appropriate and tactful language.

Q1. Write the correct option:

a. We could not _________ the explanation. (except/accept)
b. The chemical had _______ effects on her system (averse/adverse)
c. The cost will _______ the final contract. (effect/affect)
d. The agreement was made ________ two employees of the business.
(between/among)
e. The owners _______ the building in the fall. (apprised/appraised)
f. The defendant did his best to _______ the plaintiff that the damage was minimal.
(assure/ensure)
g. The committee read the document and _________ objectionable parts.
(censured/censored)
h. The firm agreed that increasing client satisfaction was our _______ goal.
(common/mutual)
i. The new subsidiary ________ the focus of the larger company.
(complimented/complemented)
j. The legal team is _________ of staff members from three firms.
(comprised/composed)
k. Mark's ______ absence resulted in his termination. (continuous/continual)
l. Both tried to be ______ about their romance, but were unable to keep it secret.
(discreet/discrete)
m. Dr. Rogers was an _________ scientist. (imminent/eminent)
n. The city's zoning ordinance became an _________ the builders could not
overcome. (obstacle/impediment)
o. The minister's statement ______ that he knew who had stolen the books.
(inferred/implied)
p. The ____________ reason we did not pursue it was the cost. (principle/principal)

Q2. After reading the 7 C’s of Effective Communication how can you make the messages
more tactful.
Tactless, Blunt
1. Stupid letter; I can’t understand
2. It’s your fault, you did not properly read my latest e-mail
Q3. How can you make these Substandard words more Acceptable
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 Ain’t
 Can’t hardly
 Aim to proving
 Desirous to
 Stoled

REQUEST TO WRITE A RECOMMENDATION LETTER

Kara Jones
123 Main Street
Anytown, CA 12345
555-555-5555
kara.jones@email.com
March 19, 2023

Willow Lee
Professor
Acme University
123 Business Rd.
Business City, NY 54321

Dear Professor Lee,

I have greatly enjoyed and benefitted from the four classes that I took with you over the past
three years. I was hoping that you might know me well enough and have a high enough regard
for my abilities to write a general recommendation for my credentials file.  

As you can see from the attached cover letter, I am targeting positions in the publishing industry
which will draw upon my writing and editing skills, as well as my organizational ability.  

I have included a summary sheet to refresh your memory about some of my key papers,
including my thesis. I have also attached my resume which will update you about some of my
accomplishments outside the classroom.  

Please let me know if you are comfortable endorsing me as an applicant for jobs in the
publishing industry. I would be happy to answer any questions and provide further information
which will help you to write your recommendation. Could we meet during your office hours to
discuss this further?

Thank you so much for taking out time to review this request.

Sincerely,

Kara Jones (signature hard copy letter)

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Kara Jones

REFUSAL FOR WRITING A RECOMMENDATION LETTER

1. Explain in an inoffensive way that you cannot or would rather not write the letter.
2. Express well wishes.
SAMPLE 1:
I received your request for a letter of recommendation yesterday and hope you will understand if
I decline. Letters of recommendation carry the most weight when they are from people such as
colleagues and supervisors who know your job skills and work habits. We work in completely
different divisions of the company, and I have known you for such a short time that I can hardly
speak with authority about your professional abilities.
I am honoured that you have asked me for a recommendation letter, but as a matter of strategy in
your job search, I think someone else would be a better choice.
Best of luck in your job search!
SAMPLE 2:
Yesterday I received your request for a letter of recommendation on your behalf as part of your
application to a business school. It was really very kind of you to think of me, but I'm afraid I'll
have to decline. With so many intervening semesters since you were last a student in one of my
courses, I'm too unfamiliar with your current work to be of any real service to you.
In my experience, admissions offices generally look for recommendations that reflect a student's
most recent academic successes. May I suggest you approach a few instructors of courses you've
taken within the past two or three years for a recommendation? They can probably give more
weight to your cause than I could.
If I can help you in some other way, please feel free to ask. I wish you the best as you plan for
your future.

RECOMMENDATION LETTER (not formatted)

Dear Admissions Committee,

It is my pleasure to recommend Joe, who I taught in my 11th grade math class. Joe demonstrated
tremendous effort and growth throughout the year and brought a great energy to class. He has
that combination of a positive attitude and the belief that he can always improve that's rare in a
high school student, but so essential to the learning process. I am confident that he will continue
to display the same commitment and diligence in everything he does. I highly recommend Joe
for admission to your school.

Joe would not describe himself as a math person. He's told me on several occasions that all the
numbers and variables make his mind go fuzzy. Joe did, in fact, struggle to comprehend the
material at the beginning of the year, but his response to this is what really struck me. Where so
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many others have given up, Joe took on this class as a welcome challenge. He stayed after school
for extra help, got extra tutoring at the nearby college, and asked questions in and out of class.
Due to all his hard work, Joe not only raised his grades, but he also inspired some of his
classmates to stay after for extra help, as well. Joe truly demonstrated a growth mindset, and he
inspired his peers to adopt that valuable perspective, too. Joe helped contribute to our classroom
environment as one where all students can feel supported and able to ask questions.

Joe's strong belief in his ability to acquire new skills and improve through practice was likely
shaped by his years as a baseball player. He's played all through high school and is one of the
team's most valuable players. In his final for our class, Joe designed an impressive project
calculating and analyzing batting averages. While he initially described himself as not a math
person, Joe reaped the benefits of his tremendous effort and found a way to make the subject
come alive for him in a way that he was personally invested in. As a teacher, it is incredibly
fulfilling to witness a student make this kind of academic and personal progress.

Joe is a trustworthy, reliable, good-humored student and friend who supports others in and out of
the classroom. He was a pleasure to have in class, and his positive attitude and belief in himself,
even in the face of difficulty, is an immensely admirable asset. I'm confident that he will
continue to demonstrate the same diligence, perseverance, and optimism that he showed myself
and his peers. I highly recommend Joe for admission to your undergraduate program. Please feel
free to contact me with any further questions at fortheloveofalgebra@gmail.com.

Sincerely,

Mr. Wiles
Math Teacher
Euclid High School

VOCABULARY BANK
1. Adverse, averse. I am averse to (against) the adverse (detrimental) effects of the new
compensation plan.
2. Affect, effect. In the sense most common in business, affect is a verb -- to change or
influence. Effect is a noun -- an outcome, result, or condition. High energy costs
adversely affect profits. High energy costs have a negative effect on profits.
3. Among, between. Between applies to a group of two: among applies to a group of three
or more: Between the two of us, but among the three of us.
Strictly speaking, between applies to two people or things; among applies to three or
more people or things. Between the two candidates, Jane is better qualified. Among the
three candidates, Jane is best qualified.
4. Appraise, apprise. To appraise is to set a price or value on something. To apprise is to
notify or brief someone (of a situation).
5. Discreet, discrete. Discreet means prudent, diplomatic. Discrete means separate and
distinct.
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6. Principal, principle. A high school has a principal. Ms. Jennings is a principal of ABC
Company. The principal reason for accepting the proposal was the vendor's experience.
Ms. Jennings is a woman of principle. The training program explained important
business principles.
7. Continual, continuous. Continual means ongoing, frequently recurring. Continuous
means without interruption. The meeting was continually interrupted by questions. The
meeting ran continuously for 8 hours.
8. Accept, except. I accept your proposal, except for the fourth clause.
9. Assure means "to reinforce the likelihood that something is attained" or "to state
convincingly." Ensure means "to make certain." Insure means "to guarantee monetary
replacement in case of loss."
10. A censor is one who supervises conduct and morals by censoring objectionable material.
Censure is strong disapproval or condemnation. For example, members of the Senate
occasionally censure one of their colleagues for unethical conduct.
11. common means mutual good, shared by more than one, whereas mutual means a mutual
fund.When used as adjectives, common means mutual, whereas mutual means having the
same relationship, each to each other.Common is also verb with the meaning: to
communicate (something).
12. As a noun, compliment means “a polite expression of esteem, admiration, or affection.”
Send my compliments to the chef. Dinner was great.When used as a verb, compliment
means “to express praise, respect, or affection.”I wanted to compliment Diana on her
beautiful dress.As a noun, complement means “something that completes or makes
better.”The shoes were the perfect complement to the entire outfit.When used as a verb,
complement means “to complete or add to something in a way that improves it.”The
earrings really complement your blue eyes.
13. There seems to be a gradation in these words. The impediment, stays; the obsta|cle
resists; the obstruction, puts an entire stop to.
We say, remove the impediment; sur|mount the obstacle; take away or vanquish the
obstruction.Even small impediments, sometimes, prove such obstacles, as obstruct our
best endeavours.The word, impediment, seems to express something, rising from the
nature and proper circumstances of what we are about; that, of obstacle, something, from
a foreign cause; that of obstruction, some|thing, proceeding from a superior force.
14. Both verbs have to do with the communication of information.The difference between the
two is that imply refers to giving information, while infer refers to receiving information.
15. "Comprise" means "to consist of." "Compose" means "to make up."