FINAL REVIEW

Chapter 3: The kinetic theory of gas

Work done by the gas:
3 special cases:
p = constant (isobaric)

V = constant (isochoric)
W=0
T = constant (isothermal)

I. Ideal gas

Equation of State:
The first law of Thermodynamics:
II. Molecules models
1. The speed
- RMS speed:

- Average speed:
2. Translational kinetic energy
Translational Kinetic energy per molecule:

Total translational Kinetic energy ( n moles)

Mean free path:

3. Specific heat
The change in internal energy:
Monotamic: f=3; Diatomic: f=5; Polytamic: f=6
Molar specific Heats of an Ideal gas:

V = constant:

P = constant:
T = constant: Q = W

( )

Adiabatic process: :

Chapter 4: The change in entropy

and second law of thermodynamics
I. Entropy

Change in entropy:
1, Ideal gas

Some special cases:

 T = constant:

Or
V = constant:

2, Liquid, solid

Cooling or heating:

Phase change:
L is heat of vaporization of heat of fusion ( hệ số hóa hơi)

II. The Second Law of Thermodynamics

The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that:

The entropy of a closed system is constant for reversible processes and

increases for irreversible processes. It never decreases.

For example, water is melted:

The change in entropy from water to environment:

The change in entropy from environment to water: