Component of LPG system

Day 02

Ranjith jayakody
Head of engineering services and filling plant
operation-laugfs gas plc
Component in LPG system
…Component in LPG system
…Component in LPG system
Main component of a LPG piping system

 Storage vessels or cylinders

 Regulators
 Change Over
 Vaporizers
 Shut off Valves
 Pressure relief valves
 Pressure gauges
 Gas meters
 Gas detectors
 Flash back arrestors
 LPG Hoses, Pigtail hoses and connectors
 Distribution pipes and fittings
Storage vessels or cylinders
…Storage vessels or cylinders
Specification of 12.5Kg cylinder

Cylinder test pressure – 30 bar

Cylinder working pressure – 16.5 bar

Filling pressure – (5.0-7.0) bar

Bursting Pressure min – 67.5 bar

Full water capacity – 26.2 liters

Shell thickness min– 2.22 mm

Material – Max 0.25% C, Carbon steel

Standard – SLS 1178:1998

Filling Volume – 85% of total water capacity

…Storage vessels or cylinders
Storage vessels
Regulators

• The regulator is to control the flow of gas and lower the pressure
from the LP gas tank to the appliances in the gas system.

• The regulator not only acts as a control regarding the flow and
distribution of LPG but also as a safety barrier between the high
pressure of the tank and the end use appliances.

• Most will rightfully argue that the LP Gas regulator is the heart of any
LP gas system
…Regulators

The causes for pressure fluctuations on the system

• Ranging from the operation of appliances
• Atmospheric conditions changing.
• Variation of LPG mix
• More and more gas flows due to consumer use

Therefore it is essential to control the pressure entering a property

and appliance to ensure safe and complete combustion of the fuel.
This is achieved by the use of a regulator, or governor as it is also
known, which automatically adjusts and opens or closes the gas
line.
…Regulators
…Regulators
There are two main types of regulators

First stage regulators - Installed closer to the storage vessel or cylinders

Out put pressure - 0 to 2Bar
…Regulators
Second stage regulators - Installed closer to the appliance

Out put pressure - 25 mbar to 100mbar

…Regulators
Regulator with cylinder valve
…Regulators
Automatic Change-over

This is a specially designed regulator that automatically closes the

supply from one cylinder or bank of cylinders and opens another in
order to ensure continuity of the gas supply, thus preventing any loss
of supply when the cylinders have run out of gas.
…Automatic Change-over
Vaporizers

A vaporizer is an apparatus which acts like a boiler / heat exchanger. Liquid LPG
goes in to the vaporizer via pipelines and comes out as gas which is then supplied
to the respective machinery

When the natural vaporization is not sufficient for the demand, vaporizers are
used.
…Vaporizers

Input – Liquid LPG Output – LPG Vapor

…Vaporizers
Shut off Valves
…Shut off Valves
 Pressure relief valves
Protection against over – pressurization of liquid phase system

 The outlets of any hydrostatic relief valves should be fitted with suitable caps to
prevent the entry of water / debris.
 To reduce the risk of blockage the hydrostatic relief valve inlet connections should
not be on the underside of pipework
 Where it is necessary to install hydrostatic relief valves in enclosed spaces,
sufficiently sized discharge pipework should be taken to an outside area. Suitable
signs should be fitted adjacent to the discharge pipework.
.
Pressure gauges
Gas meters
• Must meet the maximum expected pressure and permissible pressure drop.
• Diaphragm type used for monitoring individual residential and commercial
consumption.
• Turbine or Rotary type used for high volume throughput and sometimes as
“mother” meter.
Gas detectors
Flash back arrestors

A flashback arrestor or flash arrestor is a gas safety device most commonly used in
Oxy-Fuel welding and cutting to stop the flame or reverse flow of gas back up into
the equipment or supply line
When a flame enters the element, it is quickly cooled by the surface of the
element and the flame is extinguished

Flashback arrestors are generally not required because

there is no oxygen in the cylinder to support combustion. The
lower and upper limits of flammability are the percentages of
LPG that must be present in an LPG/air mixture
LPG Hoses, Pigtail hoses and connectors
Distribution pipes and fittings
…Distribution pipes and fittings
PE Pipe
Thank You