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Konsep One Health: Bahan Kuliah Prodi Magister Epidemiologi Semester 1 Kamis, 16 Maret 2023
Konsep One Health: Bahan Kuliah Prodi Magister Epidemiologi Semester 1 Kamis, 16 Maret 2023
Agus Suwandono,
www.indohun.org
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
Pokok Bahasan
I. Latar Belakang
II. Konsep dan Pendekatan One Health
III. OH Core Competency
IV. Penerapan One Health di Indonesia
V. Kesimpulan
www.indohun.org
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
Pokok Bahasan
I. Latar Belakang
II. Konsep dan Pendekatan One Health
III. OH Core Competency
IV. Penerapan One Health di Indonesia
www.indohun.org
V. Kesimpulan
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
Latar Belakang
Saat ini dunia kita diancam oleh 2 macam bencana:
1. Bencana alam yang banyak sekali kejadian dan macamnya: banjir, gempa
bumi, tanah longsor, letusan gunung berapi, tsunami etc
Melalui udara
Kontak langsung:
Gigitan, feses, darah, saliva,
Melalui vektor: gigitan serangga mukosa, dll
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
Sumber: https://development.asia/explainer/what-asia-can-do-protect-
against-animal-borne-diseases
Sumber : Emerging & Re-E. Infectious Disease Chalenges. Nature 430: 242-49 (Morenz. DM et al, 2004)
2017
A(H1N1)pdm0:
Total confirmed
casesi 60.8 M
and 17,798 dead
cases
MERS-CoV: Total
confirmed cases
2,494 M and 858
dead cases (CFR
34.4%)
(WHO,2012)
H7N9: Total
cases 1565
(CDC,2017)
COVID-19: 24
April 2020, total
of 2,708,470
confirmed cases
and 190,788
dead cases
NEGARA 2002-China 2012- Saudi Arabia 1997- China 2019-China (Wuhan, Hubei)
PERTAMA YG (Guangdong) (Hongkong)
MELAPOR
HEWAN Kelelawar ; kucing Unta Dromedari Unggas Kelelawar, tp belum pasti,
PENULAR civet masih di teliti
TRANSMISI Droplet, kontak Droplet, kontak Droplet, kontak Droplet dan kemungkinan
dengan benda dengan benda dengan benda airborne,
terkontaminasi, terkontaminasi, terkontaminasi,
penularan antar penularan antar penularan antar
manusia manusia terbatas manusia terbatas
Sumber: Ditjen P2P, 31 Maret 2020
• Mosquitoes
• Until 1981, it was reported that 18 genus consisting of 456 mosquito species had
been identified throughout Indonesi tahun 1981, .
• No less than 150 species of mosquitoes, have been confirmed as vectors of Malaria,
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), Chikungunya, Japanese Encephalitis,
Lymphatic Filariasis and so on.
• Rats
• In Indonesia there are 154 species of rats.
• To date, 8 species of rats have been reported as reservoirs of diseases transmitted directly
to humans, such as Leptospirosis and Hanta virus infections..
• Rats have also been reported for a long time as an intermediate host for PES disease in
Indonesia
• Bats
• No less than 250 species of bats have been identified in Indonesia
• To date, 2 species of which act as reservoirs for Japanese encephalitis, Nipah
virus, Lyssa virus and Hendra virus.
12
Source: Trihono, Rikhus Vektora 2018
Catatan: Faktor sosial
budaya misal
memakan binatang
liar, kontak dan
pelihara mereka juga
www.indohun.org
penting
diperhitungkan di
negara2 Afrika-Asia
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
Tenggara dan
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
CONTOH: PASAR DAGING HEWAN LIAR DI INDONESIA
www.indohun.org
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
Penyakit Emerging/ZOONOSIS dalam 30 tahun terakhir:
Dampak pada Interaksi Manusia-Hewan-Lingkungan
Berdampak pada:
Keamanan dan
ketersediaan pangan global
Kebijakan impor-ekspor
bahan pangan
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
Sumber: https://development.asia/explainer/what-asia-can-do-protect-
against-animal-borne-diseases
Economic shock of disease emergence is rising exponentially
50
SARS
China/HongKong H1N1 FLU
40 /Singapore Global,
/Canada, $44-55bn
$30-50bn
SARS-CoV-2
Estimated Cost (Billions)
Ebola Global,
West Africa,
30 H5N1 Avian Flu $31-33bn $ Trillions
Global,
$30bn
20
Foot &
Mouth
UK,
Foot & Mouth $10-15bn
BSE Covid-19
Taiwan, $5-8bn
CA, $3bn Global, 2019 -
10 BSE
E Coli MRSA Est $8.1-15.8tn
Nipah US, $3.5bn
Lyme disease 0157:H7 US,
BSE SE Asia, US, $1.8bn
UK, US, $200m $5-10bn
$550-$65m
$5bn
0
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016
World Economic Forum
Marsh Inc [2008] called "The economic and social impact of emerging infectious disease: mitigation through detection,
research, and response."
Akselerasi Penyebaran Penyakit Zoonotik/ ZOONOSIS
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
Sumber: https://development.asia/explainer/what-asia-can-do-protect-
against-animal-borne-diseases
Pokok Bahasan
I. Latar Belakang
V. Kesimpulan
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
Definisi One Health hasil review Tim Modul INDOHUN (2016, 2020):
One Health dikenal sebagai kesehatan manusia, hewan dan
ekosistem yang saling terkoneksi diantara ketiganya dan
sektor lain yang terkait. Hal ini meliputi pendekatan yg
mengedepankan kooperasi, koordinasi, komunikasi,
dan kolaborasi (4K) antardisiplin (transdiciplinary) dan
antar sektoral cross sectoral) untuk mengantisipasi potensi /
risiko & mengendalikan zoonoses yg berasaldari interface
antara hewan/satwa - manusia –ekosistem serta masalah
kesehatan komplekslainnya
Joint Tripartite (FAO,OIE, WHO) dan UNEP dalam One Health High Level Expert Panel
(OHHLEP), 2021 memberikan definisi operasional yang baru pada ”One Health” yaitu
“an integrated, unifying approach that aims to sustainably balance and optimize the
www.indohun.org
health of people, animals and ecosystems”. Atau “suatu pendekatan terpadu yang
bertujuan untuk menyeimbangkan dan mengoptimalkan kesehatan masyarakat,
hewan dan ekosistem secara berkelanjutan”.
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
20
GLOBAL HEALTH VS ONE HEALTH
Global Health definition published in the Lancet in 2009
by J.P. Koplan et al:
Global health is an area for study, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for
all people worldwide. Global health emphasizes transnational health issues, determinants, and solutions; involves many disciplines
within and beyond the health sciences and promotes interdisciplinary collaboration; and is a synthesis of population-based prevention
with individual-level clinical care.
It recognizes the health of humans, domestic and wild animals, plants, and
the wider environment (including ecosystems) are closely linked and inter-
dependent.
Sumber: https://development.asia/explainer/what-asia-can-do-protect-
against-animal-borne-diseases
ZOONOTIC DISEASE EMERGENCE AND SPREAD
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
EMPAT “AKSI” UNTUK MENGURANGI ANCAMAN ZOONOSIS
I. Latar Belakang
II. Konsep dan Pendekatan One Health
V. Kesimpulan
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
Implementasi One Health melalui Pendalaman Core Competencies
SOFTSKILL HARDSKILL
Komunikasi dan
Manajemen Penyakit
Informatika
Infeksi & Outbreak Appropriate
Investigation Data Analysis
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
Sumber: https://development.asia/explainer/what-asia-can-do-protect-
against-animal-borne-diseases
One Health Soft Skill 1: Kepemimpinan
Kunci kepemimpinan dalam One Health:
-> bekerja dengan lintas sektor menimbulkan tantangan,
kendala dan permasalahan baru
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
One Health Soft Skill 2: Manajemen
Manajemen dalam one Membangun rencana Memastikan kebijakan Mengawasi Mengatasi masalah dan
health: mengelola kerja untuk monitor dan peraturan dipatuhi implementasi agar mengambil aksi korektif
kegiatan lintas sektor progress dan tujuan dalam prosesnya sesuai dgn koridor OH dalam pelaksanaannya
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
One Health Soft Skill 3: Kolaborasi dan Kerjasama
Kementerian
dan Lembaga Identifikasi Keterlibatan Sektor/ Pemangku
Kepentingan
Lembaga Kelompok
Pemerintah akademisi
Kolaborasi melibatkan: non K/L
• Kesadaran
• Motivasi Lembaga
Pihak non
• Partisipasi Swasta pemerintah
• Timbal balik (NGO)
• Mediasi
• Refleksi Lembaga di Lembaga
tingkat daerah internasional
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
One Health Soft Skill 4: Berpikir Sistem
Contoh berpikir sistem pada penyelesaian masalah
Mengidentifikasi jejaring Kesehatan berbasis One Health:
kerja lintas sektor yang
terlibat
Membuat peta
kolaborasi dari jejaring
yang ada untuk
penyelesaian masalah
Mengidentifikasi
ketidaksesuaian
dilapangan
www.indohun.org
Memanfaatkan hasil
temuan ketidaksesuaian
untuk rencana perbaikan
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
One Health Soft Skill 5: Komunikasi dan Informatika
Kategori Komunikasi -> verbal, non verbal, visual
2.
3. Pesan 6. MENDENGARKAN, tidak hanya menyampaikan saja
4. Kanal/media penyampaian pesan tetapi juga berusaha memahami pesan yang
5. Penerima disampaikan oleh orang lain
6. Interpretasi pesan
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
One Health Soft Skill 6&7: Budaya, Kepercayaan, Nilai dan Etika
Upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk mengurangi
pengaruh budaya, kepercayaan, nilai dan etika terhadap
intervensi Kesehatan:
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
Implementation of One Health Softskill in Controlling Zoonotic
Diseases
Addition of inspection
facilities, maintenance,
Gathering information,
preparation of related policies,
suggestions, input, criticism
• ST: SYSTEM THINKING involvement of all elements
from implementation,
• CB: CULTURE AND determining corrective steps
BELIEFS L M L
M
• M: MANAGEMENT CB CI
ST
• CT: COLLABORATION &
TEAMWORK PLANNING PREPARING IMPLEMENTING EVALUATING
• L: LEADERSHIP CB ST
• VE: VALUE DAN ETHICS
• CI: COMMUNICATION M CT CT CY L
CB VE CT
DAN INFORMATICS
Sumber: https://development.asia/explainer/what-asia-can-do-protect-
against-animal-borne-diseases
INDONESIA ONE HEALTH
UNIVERSITY NETWORK
INDOHUN adalah sebuah jejaring dari perguruan tinggi
di Indonesia yang mempromosikan kolaborasi
multidisiplin pada manusia, hewan dan lingkungan di
Indonesia.
Saat ini, terdapat 34 fakultas dan 20 universitas
yang tergabung dalam jejaring INDOHUN.
Terdapat 5 fokus area aktivitas INDOHUN:
University of
North
Sam Ratulangi
Sumatera
University
Andalas
University Mulawarman
University Cendrawasih
Sriwijaya University
University
Hasanuddin
University
Prof Buya Hamka Diponegoro
University Universitas University Brawijaya
Indonesia University
Airlangga
Bogor Agriculture University of
Padjajaran University
University Gadjah Mataram University of West Nusa
University
Mada Udayana Tenggara
University University of Nusa
University
Cendana
INDOHUN Faculty Members
4. Pelatihan Global Health True 5. Penelitian & Capacity Builfing 6. One Health Laboratory
Leaders (GHTL) DEAL Network (OHLN)
Telah dilakukan sejak 2014, Global Proyek DEAL (Disease Emergence Proyek ini membantu membangun
Health True Leaders memiliki lebih and Economic Evaluation of Altered dan memperkuat Biosafety &
dari 500 alumni dengan keterampilan Landscapes) merupakan upaya Biosecurity & pemgawasan nya,
kepemimpinan kolaboratif. GHTL awal untuk memahami dampak menghubungkan laboratorium
telah menjangkau lebih dari siswa dari penggunaan lahan dengan fokus universitas dan pemerintah. Ini akan
30 provinsi di Indonesia untuk pada keanekaragaman hayati dan mendukung Pemerintah Indonesia
memperkuat kapasitas mereka. mendokumentasikan dampak dan otoritas terkait dalam
kesehatan yang mungkin timbul dari menetapkan strategi pengawasan
Pelatihan lain: 7) OH Concept, penggunaan lahan terhadap dan pengendalian nasional, dan
8. OH TRACK dsb kesehatan masyarakat Indonesia. untuk berbagi sumber daya
Modul-Modul yang telah dikembangkan oleh INDOHUN terkait dengan One Health
Modul softskill dan 5 Seri Modul One Health Ekosistem (2017) Modul Global Health Diplomacy (2017, Modul GHTL
hardskill One Health (2015) 2018, 2019) (2018)
OHLN
-Map
-LAT
Biorisk
-SMBL
Module
Modul Investigasi KLB Wabah (2017, 2018, 2019) Modul Academic dan Grant Modul OHSMART Tahap 1-6
Writing (2018) & 7-9 (2018 & 2019) s 2020
www.indohun.org
6 Modul Field Epidemiology Training Program - OH (2017, 2018, 2019) BRP One 4 Seri Modul Travel Medicine (Kesehatan Perjalanan)
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Health (2019) (2019)
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network)
>100 Medicine and Medical Tools Review (PPE, Testing Kits RT PCR, Antibody >20 Guidelines and Recommendation
Kits, etc) for COVID-19 handling
>60 expert & stakeholders panel National Task Force Policy Making : 30
for current issues (vaccines, 2nd 3rd circular letter & addendums
waves prediction, standarizes
medical tools and testing) Protocol for PTM Policy, National &
International Events
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States
Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of
(Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the
United States Government.”
Pokok Bahasan
I. Latar Belakang
II. Konsep dan Pendekatan One Health
III. OH Core Competency
V. Kesimpulan
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
Implementasi One Health di Indonesia
Tertuang dalam… IHR 2005
1. Instruksi Presiden Nomor 4 Tahun "untuk mencegah, melindungi,
mengendalikan, dan memberikan respons
2019 tentang Peningkatan Kemampuan kesmas thd penyebaran penyakit
dalam Mencegah, Mendeteksi, dan internasional dengan cara yang tepat dan
Merespon Wabah Penyakit, Pandemi terfokus pd risiko kesmas, dan menghindari
penyebarannya lewat lalu lintas dan
Global, dan Kedaruratan Nuklir, perdagangan internasional".
Biologi, dan Kimia
2. Permendagri No. 101/2018 tentang
Standar Teknis Pelayanan Dasar pada
GHSA 2012 JOINT EXT RPJMN IV
Standar Pelayanan Minimal Sub-
Urusan Bencana Daerah Penilaian kapasitas dalam EVALUATION 2020-2024
detect, prevent, respond
Kabupaten/Kota Indikator
● JEE tool Dalam 7 agenda
3. Permenkes No. 1501/2010 tentang 1. Kesepakatan 3 sektor dalam
● Melibatkan 3 sektor pembangunan -> nomor 3
penentuan penyakit zoonosis prioritas
Jenis Penyakit Menular Tertentu yang ● Melibatkan eksternal “SDM Berkualitas dan
2. Adanya kapasitas untuk
www.indohun.org
Sumber: https://development.asia/explainer/what-asia-can-do-protect-
against-animal-borne-diseases
Penyakit Zoonotik/ ZOONOSIS Prioritas dan Peran Petugas Kesehatan
KEMENKES KEMENTAN KLHK
Permenkes 1501/2010 Permentan 237/2019 Avian Influenza, Rabies, Antraks,
Kolera, PES, DBD, Campak, Polio, Difteri, Avian Influenza, Rabies, Antraks, Nipah, Leptospirosis, Brucellosis,
Pertusis, Rabies, Malaria, Avian Brucellosis, Leptospirosis, Japanese Tuberculosis, Malaria, Melioidosis,
Influenza, Antraks, Leptospirosis, Encephalitis, Bovine Tuberculosis, Psittacine Break & Father Disease, dst
Hepatitis, Influenza A Baru, Meningitis, Salmonellosis, Schistosomiasis, Q (27)
Yellow Fever, Chikungunya Fever, Camphylo-bacteriosis,
Trichinellosis, Para Tuberculosis,
Toxoplasmosis, Cysticercosis dan
Taeniasis
2.
3. Antraks tercapai apabila dengan baik oleh Petugas
2. Kolaborasi
4. Leptospirosis 3. Koordinasi
4K Kesehatan yang memadai
5. Nipah 4. Komunikasi
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
PEDOMAN KOORDINASI
1. Instruksi kepada seluruh 1. Instruksi kepada Gubernur 1. Instruksi kepada Gubernur 1. Pengetatan aktivitas dan edukasi:
PEMBAHASAN Kementerian/Lembaga, TNI, dan Bupati/Walikota untuk: dan Bupati/Walikota untuk: a. Penularan COVID-19 di kondisi
POLRI, Gubernur, dan a. Sosialisasi masif a. Konsisten penegakan tertutup, >15 menit, jarak dekat,
Bupati/Walikota untuk b. Penyusunan dan protokol kesehatan keramaian, tidak pakai masker, dsb
memperkuat dan penetapan peraturan (3M) b. Penggunaan masker dengan benar dan
meningkatkan upaya kepala daerah tentang b. Langkah proaktif untuk konsisten
efektivitas pencegahan dan penerapan protokol mencegah penularan c. Mencuci tangan dengan sabun / hand
pengendalian COVID-19 kesehatan sesuai COVID-19 dan cara sanitizer setelah menyentuh barang
2. Upaya pendisiplinan kearifan lokai daerah humanis, termasuk d. Jenis masker (masker ganda, N95)
masyarakat dapat berupa masing-masing. pembubaran e. Faktor ventilasi udara, durasi, dan jarak
www.indohun.org
Iman masker -
Beribadah Menjaga jarak -
sesuai agama Mencuci
1-2 tangan
dan m
kepercayaan
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for
International Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health
University Network) INDOHUN and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
Media
Swasta
Satuan Tugas JOGO TONGGO berasal dari warga RW setempat dapat sebagai :
✓ kader RW (linmas , karang taruna, dasa wisma, pendamping PKH, PPL, pendamping desa ,
ormas, warga dsb)
✓ mahasiswa kesehatan/ non kesehatan
✓ masyarakat umum terlatih kesehatan
✓ kader Kesehatan
✓ tenaga kesehatan (perawat, bidan, dsb) / tenaga medis (on call)
Puskesmas adalah pembina pelayanan kesehatan dan Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer di
tingkat Kecamatan.
Pokok Bahasan
I. Latar Belakang
II. Konsep dan Pendekatan One Health
III. OH Core Competency
IV. Penerapan One Health di Indonesia
V. Kesimpulan
www.indohun.org
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”
1. Diseases of Tomorrow
What, when and where and how is the next??? → G 20 memprioritaskan OH
This presentation is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of (Indonesia One Health University Network) INDOHUN
and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.”