wa, ocouswr RESOBE LT. ED 188-470 y i * BL 011 470 7 TITLE Nedern Standard Arabi¢: Besic Ceurses Volume III: « %. Lessens 17-24. . INSTITOTICN - Defense Language Inst., Monterey, Calif. FUE CATE 75 : 7 NOTE 260p.: For related documents, see FL 011 467-487. AVATIABLE fRCH’ Defense Lanquage Institute, Foreign Language Center, me, Nonresident Divistcn, Presidio of Monterey, CA 93940 7 ($4.30: cassettes $12.20). * J - LANGUAGE Arabic i BDBS PRICE MFO1/EC11 Plus Postage. - DESCRIFTORS Adult Educaticn: *Arabi¢: *Audiclingual Methods: | Dialogs (Language); Gramsar: *Intensive Language ~ . Courses: Listening Cobprehension; Pattern Dfills : (languace); Pestseccndary Fducation: Pronouns; . *Second Language Instruction: Speech Instruction: : Oncowmenly Taught Languaces; Verbs; Vocabulary + : Skills , ABSTRACT . The third cf'20 vclunes cf lessons designed for use in 2 full-tise, intensive training program in Arabic is presented. In each lesscr grammatical patterns atd vccabulary are taught through explanaticns,’ vocabulary lists, dialogues, audiclingua] driils, -and s question-anewer and free ‘cral expression exercises. A review lesson is included after every fcur lessons. This volume’ deals particularly with certain relative proncuns, pronominal suffixes and verb usage. * «nay a 7 3 FUE EEE OOO EE EE EEO E EE HORE ECBO OEE HOH EON nEE HEE . * -Repredtctions supplied by EDRS are the best that cap be made * * 4 +" from the original document. . He irc mr ri nrOmnEe Stern cinneseiene ©PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS . MATERIAL AS SEEN GRANTED BY .. — O1aDa7 al June 19755 EFF) ‘ Ase L4neuac © MODERN STANDARD ARABIC |. A Lessons 17-24.» DEFENSE LANGUAGE INSTITUTE OF THE DEFENSE LANGUAGE INSTITUTE AS A PART OF THE DEFENSE LANGUAGE PROGRAM. INQUIRIES CONCERNING THESE MATERIALS, INCLUDING REQUESTS FOR’COPIES OR AUTHORITY TO REPRODUCE MATERIALS CONTAINED HEREIN - ‘SHOULD BE ADDRESSED TO DIRECTOR, DEFENSE LANGUAGE INSTITUTE, PRESIDIO OF MONTEREY, ‘CALIFORNIA 93940.te a - MODERN STANDARD ARABIC "BASIC COURSE Volume IIT Lessons 17-24 June 1975 } DEPENSE LANGUAGE INSTITUTE, : +. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS § The development of this course was‘accomplished by a team under the direction of Professor: Zaki N. Abi duration of the project, Professor Abdei~Ma from the Middle East Center, University of specific purpose of designing the course, an project. - . a The following individuals contributed t effort: Dr. gaki N. Abdel-Malek from the ¥: Mr. Mahmoud H. Hamza, Dr. Richard A. Jdhnsoi F. Raphael, from DLIWC; Dr. Howard D. Rowlan Dr. Shawky Sukkary from Sacramento. State Un: items*were written by Mr. Ousama Akkad. Dr served as the manuscript editor, and Mr. Na: as the general editor. 3 TSGT Murray G. Parker II, USAF, setved Language Assistant.@ The illustrator was Mr Typing -of the camera-ready copy was accompl. del-Malek, For the lek was on leave | Utah, for the. - a directing the ‘0 the course writing iniversity of Utah; yn, and fir. Helmy d from’ DLISDA; and iversity.- Test + Abdel*Malek — * im J. Owais served as Technical . Barney K. Inada. ished by Mrs. Jacqueline El-Safwany and Mrs. Linda Shoukry. Additional . Technical consultants’ to’ the project we: typing support was provided by Mrs. Virginia A. Jacobson. xe Dri: Peter F Abboud of the University of Texas, Dr. Wilson B. Bisha? of Harvard University, and Mr. Jack Leonard of the Department of eo we Pefense. Their invaluable services are gratefully acknowledged. DLI is grateful to the University of ut: of Dr. Abdel-Malek and for permission tO co! ah for the services nduct a field test at the Middle East Center; to Sacramento gtats University for the services of Dr.“Sukkary; to the Foreign Department of State, for the services of Mr +S. Ais Force ‘School of Advanced Cryptolog: Service Institute, + Owais; and to .the ic Sciences, “Goodfellow AFB, Texas, for the temporary agsignment of CT1i W.S. Knight, Jr., USN, who supplied technical ad in the initial stages of thé project. DLI for the few but valuable excerpts from work: Bishai, Dr. Sami A. Hanna, and Dr. Zaki N. Abdel-Malek, Limited revisions were made to the cour: consis@ing of Mr. Ousama Akkad, Mr. Helmy TSGT Murray G. Parker II, USAF. Typing was Mrs. Jacqueline Bid. vice and services is also grateful s by Dr. Wilson B. woe ‘se by a team &. Raphael, and accomplished by’ PREFACE 9 The Modern Standard Arabic Basic Course’ consists of eighteen volumes of 143 lessons, a volume on the sound ™ . system of Modern Standard Arabic, a ‘volume on the Arabié writing system, an Instructor's Manual, a. comprehension J) drills volume, a grammar notes volume, and an Arabic- J) English glossary. Te was developed and produced by the Defense Language. Institute (DI), : The course is designed for use in'a full-time resident training program consisting of six hours of instruction each day, five days a week. For maximum effectiveness the course should be taught’ by qualified instructors who are educated native spéakers of Modern Standard Arabic. Field tests of this course were conducted at DLI East * Coast Branch and DLI West Coast Brangh. A limited field test was also authorized at the University of Utah under the direction of Dr. Zaki N. Abdel-Malek. Finally, the Canadian Forces Foreign Language School was given permission to use the course experimentally. .Based on the findings of the above field, limited revisions were madé to the course. . Topics in the areas of politics, international re- lations, mores, etc., which may ‘be considered as contro versial from some points of view a@e sometimes included i language training for DLI students, since military person- nel may find themselved in positions where clear under~ standing of conversations or written material of this, nature will be essential to.theix mission. For example, an, effective training technique which commonly appears in DL} materials is the use of simulated dialog situations with students playing various "roles" in which controversial statements~-whether real or appdrent--in DLI materials is not to be constryed as representing the opinions of the writers, of the Defense Language Institute, or the’Depart- ment of Defenge. In order. that: the course“nay continue to be compatible with the objectives of the Defense Language Program, con- structive swggestions for the improvement of both form and substance of the course are solicited from students, in- + | /structors, and user agencies, : : : : : \ *All inquiries concerning these materials should be > ‘addressed to Director, Defense Language Institute, Presidio .0f Monterey, California, 93940.: “PAGE seston \. ‘The relative pronouns Magii, lati, lladiina, and Liawaatii . ‘The question” word ayy Lesson 18 . 2 Lesson 19 . adthe fixen vember of a genitive construct with the - * following noun being indefipite-in the ganitive simgular (meaning ” “which ses:2")7 GP followed by the second member of a genitive construct which is deginite, plural, and in the genitive ome (meaning "Which of the Gi" fontowod by pro nominal suffixes. (c) The use of! |. The'vocabllary items 6. brill. 7. brill. :ul? reels wll Lesson 17 Presentation Drills. 0 susGend H. : : ya) een Ci Shes pate Se Oy ies 7 a Oe 7 Geb Out wa y= y = Sub Li p | + Upb tis vi §) whe SA I shen Fiakb ad a. boas *) Suja ee ye Ubu deyyt ee ceeds Be 10“ya heb eke WB be det Ae eb ys : be en ee Dn Ng ; phn Mun Zr 9 Slaten GDL. - Siig ; samen ve deg byes cee, ial? a pI); 0. wag Pale BDO. ren i Qupccg . “44 Doe + Gem blatD) Laf)e gead Ba)”“fom geare gi wee Getty rey wt «ge bie Ge NEBL (LC) + deg Stee Vee ug tit pee BUS aed gg Deal Reps es gts! pba oe . 8 US Myla gle SCSI La PA SIedn pay aap ogl SRS lped UNL oh 1 ayes Gres. be te ten Sy $ SAY dT Lal ge Neuhston ' ak Soil bal y ow BNIB Gh J eee t Shey ghiletuibll yfy . an . r | : : ri? os et ; ee TOA Te Oe aly lie Lc) og 80s gbalteuthst : 8 ab Gh ; Ta : , 1 pel feel ody BI Pie Le pa ent St 7 . Call Jose ga Salt Sh, WT ot St gee ibys Bt 8 dios goer yi Sete Pe veN eh pale epee gi ae | : $ Se ye SH hat ge . Plat aoe Ly. Ue foi Gh yo gid tage BVv1" an Tell toe gel Fai ae ge SUAS oy spony t wee Big anes : 8 Srl pea No Bap ep Sch Lo faye dty © Suyecat de t Sah gp St ble gb t sti bo ct fi (tedeta gable She Sait ie SAI! Nim de jee pe Ul 5 Bele . Repl Lendl feat Oy Fb TF Gell byl p jae 2 pA Gb ge CU Nie ght f Upbale Dh ¢ cheb Tee de eo eyall Nein gle OSI 8 5s ble Gh + Si geet hianze: Jui . 2 eS Set on stat -. —1bel? Lo ASall ee Me TN Gh BE got ge SUM GT 2s Vall lef AS ye Cour Sf Stet hae oe Gast $4 ce eg ye BEE ® 1 SIL Ege bel Be Sette Gome om BF gxe, Ly - , (ea sed. pOAN Baye! debe get F etl Jaylt . cot erat see eal! Bal aot 7 POR ue Cs) og Bgul sing Saal y (gay eyhan . oo tsally Fhe ey epee yp MNawtwt ge CS) ewe Pelee : stag. = tes ( ” sa” Perey taoti! (ee eh ite dl gealtigbst Fea tOl gle ( wINoleall ip + gliwe aye Sante! (Dh ella! + Bapom Uy Hal le ¢el? 7 7 se ie . , ‘Biglogue Bob eal pe de 8 pele pais my Pah dey Poel pele Let aI ge de Soa 1 $ aah Gio * 4 8 M13 esiy pale Gel — T bibs drole by f pm ole bh — ¢Vocabulary list . who, Which, that (M a who, which; ‘that (F) | - which? (question word) Te title, heading » address © ‘ homeland’ - 7 te a : . : : 7 1 7 : os Peer il. eles mae : ‘ : , . “4 :Grammatical Notes 7 7 A. ‘The relative pronouns “lladii, llatii, lladiina, and ‘Llawaatii 7 In this lesson, the four words Madli, llatii, Madina, ana Lawaatiii have bien intfoduced. Like the noun’ sm "nano', tpese words , Begin with two consonants, and the syllable /"a=7 is therefore added to them when they occur scntence-initially of after 'a pause. { The words lladii, Llatii, lladiina, and llawaatii are relative “pronouns which, depending’ on the goaterts may be teamsiatea into English by who, which, or that. ‘It ia very misiéading, however, to equate the usage Of the Arabic relative pronows with the English usage of who, wich, and that; often an Arabic sentence mst haye a relative pronoun | Sven though the equivalent sentence in English does not have who, which; or that, the reverse"i@ also troe, The student mast therefore Be , guided in using the Arabic relative pronouns by the discussion below, * * Ret by translation. ‘The modifier of a definite noun must be definite, If a noun of an adjective, the modifier is made definite by prefixing’ the définite ". article to it; otherwise, the modifier is made definite by placing a relative pronopn: before it: “ alfustaadu jjadiidu min migra: "the nev professor is from - 4 . Egypt.' : ‘al'ustaadu Ladi hunaa min migra, ‘The professor who is here . ~ " is fyom Egypt.' fo! : et Pe altustaadu Lladii £i Jmaktabati The professor who is in the unin misra. brary is‘from Egypt.’ . aygaaliba laaii 9indahd ‘te student who has a car fsoyyaaraton gadiiqii.( NS my friend." * . ‘ oy ‘The relative pronoun refers’ to the modified noun and agrees with itvin number ang gender: lladii is the masculine singular form, llatii, is the feminine singular form, lJadiina is the masculine plural form, : © and Lawaatit is the feminine plural form atfaalibu 1aaii hunaa ’The student (M) who is here gadiigii. is my friend.’ ~ appaanibatu “Mati hunda + "the co-ed whd is here is my) . gadiiqatii. fiend." ak * Remember the initial form is ‘alladii. x 7 : : "1018clr? aftullaabu Lladiina; hunaa ‘the students (M) who are Sin migra. 4, here are from Baypt.' agtaalibaatu Lawaatis ‘the co-eds who are here are hunaa min miyras from Egypt." ‘the relative pronoun which introduces the modifier of non-human plural nouns is 1atit (since non-hunan plural nouns behave grammatically Like feminine singular noyns) + | alkutubu Llatii 9ingii ‘the bgoks I have are new." * jadiidatun. ajjaamigaatu Llatii fii haadihi "The universities in this Imadiinati gagiiratun. city are small.’ . Relative pronouns do not receive cast endings» ayna teilmiidu Llagit ‘where’ £3 the student who is + +s min migra?’ from Egypt?* fariidun mada, ttilmiidi, * twarid is with the student Lladii min migra. * who is from Egypt." B,” The question word ayy she question wold ayy is vauntly in construct with’ ()) a singular’ indefinite noun, (2) a non-singular. definite noun, or (3) a none : indefinite noun, (2 oe fizae case it ia translatable by "Which?" Singular pronouns 1 ves ie ia translatable by ‘which of+..'? . | aya ehimtiain "ata? sini ‘studont t . ayyu ggubbaapi min migra? \ "‘wnich of the officers is : from Egypt?! —_ ayyukim bagiivun? ‘Which.of you is Bashir?" . —— * : a «17, qne.mord ayy is inflected for case, but for neither number nor Senders ‘The ease ending which ayy receiveg is, of course, determined By its function in the sentence, (e.g., ayy is in the noainative case a pnepeay ine gubisbt, ‘and in the genitive case if it ie che object of @ preposition}: me ~ avyy tilmiidatin ‘anti? ‘Which coved axe you?! min ‘ayy’ Wadrasatin huwa? ‘Which school 1s he from?’ * vr. ; Like the lad question words which You have, ayy introduces the seescecentede tt is tho object of a preposition’ (evnieh oe phe Prepogitional phrase introduces. the question): ayyu.l'asaatidati min ‘which of the professors is migra? . 7 from Egypt?? min ‘ayyi madiinatin Which city is she exon? : hiya? 4Ne Pattem Drills . PSE soci BH. SAIC ge alll Gee SICK » so + gee Ibe Gi Le : sie pe UII ZN Ait . 2S ye AS ob ILS sa ele ual Salt TELA GAS elt VW Bpewethe fo pill J Ge ast! - See ge V5 ett sal peal Aut epee ge SV latte ali peal cuuur sb ee ye pee IZ + Ryle lb Fa uke gute tun sree Gea do gy gle yuu L sb45 pe oVl es OE SLICES 0 ye + SLA Fag ee gl obs boos 7 : pel ge le Ge gl gS ay a . ~“ . 7L-17 wor deb Ge OL Pe PAS Gee A eS see vt ; - woe ey Hh eae ete Sh el i 5 tenes “pat cbail ele oye BB ole, er elle foe BIBL le Sake ape ee this + os OBE Feil apogee 6 Meygee ¢ LSE 6 Ba Clinger elated : Byle thane! + gS ake ao ace eM WUaT gh 7 Saoth t Ge cat Ti blast od |_ lel? Saeoe Sel peel chee 2D Boe Se ytopatly ob Vo Gb pe Lae we See elo SLanee ga lose tom . vhadeetth oe Se gl bts | Sop dhe = TEN fe day PUSS SNUG Grgue yal go CASI Nae Fe ade 8 Suet oe e. SByene ge fay | Sale oe eo 7 Tyme ee be 8 clip ie : Shee dey tulle : Base BNE oie Jay f dey tl ay ow : “all ny che gio ay Pde vet gall ow : . . 15 28ua . . ety ada ene dey Tp DUEl Ee - sol a Slate ele Sot pee eb Jay 8 pee ey . 2 de 7 aia el Leet Vest © ASN y TTS Tle ely oye ESI Se dey peel RSS pbb . TN : 4 woe . 7 Sanmal! ot al has ole Se aaa ° Le felt ade sell gs a 7 PL tie Pawel + eo La ot Dyas tobe Sb oy : ca : : Fe TOM Lt om / 7 oot BM oe gt dywdictbe f° a : ia ww gt DYN gga 7 ote Bey ne TI age ally SE ea nye YF FE lap ately all og pe Moe Tele ule lanl ys” dhe Tek lela osnN 7 : 7 Je . dese ey a ol SEY ye St Panel FI SES ge GS tLl . +3 eee 7 Shee she oA JaIhys ay as ly LS eed 6ST SAY ew stal ae pho Gabi) Gl GSI e Gs 7 - ° g : . A” . ‘; ot .Ll? Free Selection Drills / : : f pec ege St ful te pale he : Suguesdls ye Le f Hiypne gotagtbvhe’ * Gat Pee Ge DN GOAT oe eee See ga SS Le” t Gallobslalys oi ew. whe 3 palit esky GV 7 : gost obll Yau Eas TB he ST Gl feel Gyat byl Le $f ieee J plik, si Le te ‘ LF one tet ill © cell opty Ja ely soll ye pipldhc Why st Ls /> FP claam elt g gnc whan 34 Se hyt yaah ys Bel V3 Se ali bgast dw Sane Syne “LS Aen ge IEG — ¢. Sela DI blast at : “ Poh Lylall es ell pelt Je. . 8 96 :a : Pipl oe FG DILEOI ghee LL ne SWS gd yaureie tome glia Le Shstiete Like ebbe tyilat s 8 esp tiene peat G1 SF heya pagan St Thagibdl do | oe A =? Poll ole oye Fie ST yoda §) oy ¥ gad Pokul tpalacegl Sit eet pow Gl ake thes gl a wt dl oh Halt ox Ait ty lakys gaol Aliya Le Phepil g gMe inal Spel Eel ABM, dehewusngh L ¥ JVs uel} Zo a Tale ane GINS pom aelT Le 7 Tham he 2 FCbLs ete Sol gow. i SWS pl sole oie Gl lig ae TL 8 se Pec atoustsmel 4 ~ 8 dive dae y Teedear 7 Passe Ga obo Pt tae, Sct s Sih LO Bagi (DB aye Chae GUTS Le 7 MY Lee Be te SI ey CLS LegS iy de SS SL Jace 4 © 7 r 7 i 2 ast es 1 tte yh + Gese debt (1) SAD Gets ye Ne page ge deb ye Nhe (an) fee ie BS Se ge. LUNE Ge aie epi REK BEA. pled tsbY! we ie GS Ey ELL ips + we be Gee 2 aygl 3 Se eeeSS eae bel? «Beth oe gas bague Eheth ali” wok ge gh + Rye hS ode capt dunb gpd 6 ostpedl bial pa ge + SLA! oS ethyl wate GE SI Geta ale tht Sle be + ABS yee RL ge sSyprce p& 6 Ca SUA Za pe slash ce pee ose bd SLT WSF Ge pela Sa be AOD oe ge 6 ty BS ole . Vp CLS gp ably baste tail! IS yihiel — ye gh gilt px MEGS ype vi. Berl ke ee ; aL : .: x . L-17 é 4. Free Oral Expressi: ° ah ree Oral Expression pe Getallnene 6 Ug Ul spec layla Lenten ap te tb Sly = bpPeealegey 6 GW Up letyin Gece all Fs ie . TLL eee ee elke Kae Cab ~ ie re Reels! y Baye e whip doe Ca eels . Boe 6 RO Glge rn ot Sha ayhh « el Sige we ages Util tes LBs Lee . REM oes ae eal y a cle Bye «ASIN ae ej a tes abe : (Sele pHa! 30* . . L-17 ; a cree + ADRICLI oe Pay tne Syed Ub ley = 2 celle 3% 6 SI aky Le deal! 4 a |e peda le SN ball g wilted gel ee tt Soe (Seles ge Ee dee spe aes 31bel? Questions on the comprehension Drills i . Che past Aull Gleat petite go db togttetade acy . 8 ike aye ace de cr) TBrl gly cae Bib de (yr) Oe iS apie alle ado (c) TR TI he (09 Poy LOI oe Slymees gl derlae bytby Sb Ue ay ‘. Lesson 18 Now Features in the Presentation Drills Introducing’ Pausal Forms oA. 7 + 1. dropping the short vowel at the end of the fast ‘ord in a sentence. Ef : ; . 2+ Retaining the short vowel with the suffix -ka and at the ei of anta. . ™ : ‘ 3. The transformation of ~iyyu-into ~iyy’as a pausal form; the use \ of pausal forms in the middle of a sentence, but before a pause in utteranty. : 4.” same‘ as 2, cs 1. propping the suffix -un in the pausal form, 2, Dropping thé suffix -in in the pausal form. Same as 2.0. . ; . . 4, Dropping the suffix -in in the pausal form in the middle of the sentence (before a“pause in utterance). a 1, Dropping the feminine suffix -tun, when a pausal form, and Replacing it with /h/. > ‘ 2. the same as1., but as applied to a pause in utteranée in the middle of a cr: 7 3. ‘The change of miyyatin to -iyyah when in the pausal form, 27 34n-Ta-- 7 + + > 2 4, Demonstration of the fact takes the pausal form, otherwise the sae as 1. -Changa of =tu to /h/ when in pausal form. Change of =ti to /n/ when in pausal form, that only the last word in an utteranceLela Lesson 18, Pausal Forms . 5 7 7 Every sentence énds in a pause; in addition, pausds may occur within the sentence (usually, but not always) at points indicated by\ coimas}. When they occur imnediately befora a pause, words assune certain forms (called "pausal forms") which are specified by the followfag three. rules: 7 A, In-general, final short vowels are dropped beforé a pause. Invariable forms (such as huwa, hiya, hunna, aynd, tilka, etc.) are. ‘an exception to this rule Since their final short vowels are usually retained before @ pause. 7 Repeat the following sentences after the, teacher, making, + sure that unless they are part of invariable words, fifal short vowels are-dropped before a pause: ~ ‘ Piya aie ig SEN gibt ey? $ Sav ahs pel ae FSbylt ET a wt daw ga heey : a) sales Psat Fath os5 sae wl, dais o25 Gt Agu tan 29 . 7+ Lele pb EE gee Gor ve PA CIUaly Gaal Zul 32, Ph Shik wy ee . eae oe pune jay’ . NUNS fy LEN See x Wide gy tS at Gt SOT ed be a B.- The endin: (which occurs on’ forms in the nominative case) and the endin (which occurs on “forms in’ the genitive case) axe dropped. : 7 Repeat. the following sentences after tie teacher, making - sure that xun and‘zin are dropped before a pauseC. Together with the case ending and the final/-n/(if the word is nunated), the /t/ which ocurs within parentheses in the vocabulary “Lists.is dropped cr (less comonly) replaced by /h/. Repeat the folloving sentences after the teachesco + aN Nase yall Be . , ° 7 tle There are two common situations in which speakers of MSA use pausal forms: ~\~_ (1) Before a pause, As was explained above,’ pauses ocour ‘in ‘Sentence-medial as well as in.sefitence-final positions. (2) When use of the pausal form eliminates an ending which the speaker, for some reason, cannot determirie. Proper Nouns : - Proper nouns’ are colmonly used in the pausal form even when they are‘ not followed by a pause, Since this practicé is by no means universal, the student. will be exposed to the inflected form of proper nouns (i,e., the form which includes .a.case ending); fram this “point on, however, ‘the student will be required to produce only the pausal form } Of such nouns. 7 3239 .’ eis. If the pausal form ofa given pfopgr noun ends in a consonant; a following word which begins with tuo consonants is pronounced as if it were in utterance~initial position! ayna saliim 'alyawm? . ‘Where is Salim today?! Notice that.in the above sentence, the word /lyawm/ is pronounced as /"alyawm/-in order to avoid a sequence of three’ consonants and still Fetain the pausal form of the proper noun, You will recall that - /'alyawn/ is the form which the word assumes sentence-initially and after a pause in other words, the sentence is pronounced as if there _ were a payse between the proper noun and the following word; indeed, a very brief pause is often inserted in this position to facilitate using the pauisal form of ‘the proper noth, A purist would pronounce the sentence, in the following manner: ayna saliimuni iyawm? 7 : 7 ‘a . : :RAY foals EUW Ls. ple Spa yt ei pele AS oe Questions on the Dialo: SOW cd Fee dee ee ad No Mei calle beat de Ss W ade ely Sad eee ge de ay ‘ +P Gpenl neta po aw be 6 (2 had hie ee Cepinn May geht el ue ai ut Maree ge Ue Tipe oll de nePattern Drills TEUR! ES Je TEU Gel de> TMS pe a 2 84g Gl de Sgank Ue % . : Tie aS. ily tl Lie Sool YS : : Sada pun ype ul " oe, oe Sent Ne gs ol : eh Lyatacs yp ifan LV, Kent U5 ylae eSatan 5h dagh AS Sanit Letait go vipSiyse gil jp + \ ; 3648 em BBY! Cyd Gol Stale GIGLI po we JE Lan a tbat + Une sat ta 8 wha Gypaatt BEM , bs Ugh Zsa = be seat Unt she Lal godt os ldea ear : tea alte = : tie ait Gatsn wv bee 2 al batt dey g Wb Galothe hal = Biypae dye op Spbele pal UL SRS polly Se biped hte sya ons Pe baled pple cal « tye we Viet dale de. Leyaillnetige thal ge Lele * 2 EBay TNS ce baled ety oo BSE” tall go Balt Ee tattiaae debe Reel atl | eo . aka gp Sand ea : 7 Lenka bes Mh ats LY! S37 14is Ba pelt gurl hey eee NUL Ib. . rs CA Lfal yp Liby Ul WW ye ow a Sanaall dubz e el eels be os delat Ftd Gl. st els + Eayaall Seedy gh baba ye ge she oa ie tars o “ekg ONS. tae Les aie eda. Nie Ws «Nie ws ans we SY) Sys Yo ay) ONS a ede sae ab Nae WS a7 i yl ye. 9 46> tae . 7 Tee oy Name See or taene Gee ake, ; 7 lee Gath iellae = Mae. Saeco . Ss Nemec aes Sha Blab, Bhp Sreebae 7 . Tee Weed ees ar . dee wa. 2 Baby gas Labigll go bw . , plat po bie . a + Cabell pe ee Cull ja Nae - Eo tall pn pn sey ja Mae Cc Lgl ge pe 2Os Wate be dais patil So + itdiimms Vie 1-18 en + Se 5s be Gylaat ze ge ide ay Wak das «ba gl Se LS. See es Saws time belek ote Nee et Nh ow es Mieke ulyts ews SAS. Shall oie CS aw Sete Gis Bees ae oo det WSeime 6 beed Ste SW ie 6 Ghat Sellen Utbaf dete» Hate oe beens pear SEN at oy Wty dele grt Bib th phy thes tye ye .Tae la FelS- ghlb yb she date ew MeL LSI yee Wel geletlistel pou y Ae FLS EB ger g See Selb Satie Ge Ub ys ie Baie Blas aS Ble ge ~ ©rH18 Free Selection Drills : LA Wisare col e : Ss easncyilth 55 ub as 3a a § attlt e e Gut RE pul Lam SNe oh Saban ysLele: L-18 « Free Oral Expression ‘ eee Geta ene BM apa elder Wpan whee lb Le Tp cael Edge os tlt spl Cl iyiey Lets 45 88E18, ww al Reading ard’ writing AS assigned in the schedule:told . : y Lesson 19 : so Now Features in the Presentation Drills 1. the phrase gal! clue and the vorbs Gam3 and gay (in the 3rd person masculine singular past tense form); the vocabulary iter Jl 2, (a) The verbal sentence (with the verb preceding its subject in a sentence). () ‘he intexrogative type sentence in which the verb cones after the interrogative subject, and the response fo ouch a sentence if hich the. subject precedes the verb. . + The vocabulary item age. : 7 4. (ay The feminine suffix in order to form ~tuk; tu combined,with the pronominal suffix -ka (>) Formation of the 3rd person feminine singular past tense:of the verb but adaify the suffix -t to the citation form of the verbs addition of the helping vowel /i/ to the feminine form’ (discussed above) when the ver» precedes a noun with the definite. article. 5. (a) ‘The use-of the singular person of the verb, in a verbal sentence, when"the following subject is in the [plural (the agreement being only - that of gendér), + . (b) (c) Drill;on the new feature introduced in (a). , 7 ‘ «| . &. (a) The use of the’ same ‘verb form a4 the verb for-a noun with either ‘a stated subject or its pronoun equivalent. . = 7 . (®) ‘The verb forms Fagabta,"Fadaiti, FaaLtum, and FagaLtunna to correspond to the pronoun subjects anta,” anti, antun, and antum (c) The vocabulary item + amy” a7 . 54 Boe .(a) ‘Omission’ of the personal pronoup when the verbal suffix expresses the person. *. dp) peiti-on the person suffixes of verbs and on the use of ° ge + 8, (a) the'vocabulary ftom gy Aags rege an, dolet eMgS or pcmmle ana ey « ., (b) The vocabulary iten «yb pant! . (c) The vocabulary item. Ja and gle ; the preposition J = (in pent). 7 9. brill. : 7 10. brill. a. prin. , : \ . . 48 .19 eel at Presentation Drills 7 . Presentation Drills : 8 yp ote ST FW oe Gs LT t “ TeV Tks ye Je coche gp byall Siew SiS 1) oy ot yp dell ie Cees Gy shall gS tS cad + thay BN Gp Sete GSS - + chal PNM ty eS ll Debt oad 7 : Te ety Gt ge Lebel psy . + chal yp teat! ot LY OS 2 Mell det SLY 55. mee Nae nT t . . Lest shale JhGas Jey | dala lh CaS GH Famalet J Mall p ESIFe Chall p Hywlhyl Se cas oy othe gy See chal gah ul gece Sell NB Ce » Qaties SL adel ke ay me Bite | Llib vteyatt gh bas Qaas eyatt y a o8S Gy . eal irae Gage se dal oe Gere EF Tah Secs ple gt tc et etet she sais cpa peas oreerr eer re Gall IN Laut CaS eee Cah abst 50 57+ NS go tLelall easy sa! Mesos ew! Midst Duy LaF = AN astayt dy a Se Ma Shy aie + Monte ghpatlleed + a lB bags = BALAI Ge pnts + Bagel Se hes + sel Moat Lt ec. s eaeiel Meagan glib css = AN May Sy aie Kl Mad otl yd cas ell Ly gor 7 88 L-19 ‘ a S(t) oesom ties same A Antena ey cheers eee . peal bees con anes 7 stall Sages sprenpeeeee se Rta wth fete CAS aaa oe ail BEY + nil Sogn GOONER Lees ae ewe 7 2 eSe Megha oy hay sWlieds 2 hake gt CSN CaS sereeeenenes : spa sgh eghelahcad + dba Ba; +S cabins | anes Telake bey steals « pS on inaEss seleteeeeetee Blan Ae gl seal eS Ganesan seen ela + oad Mb cas + Be on Se ESS . + Set Isaak eS «whe cn Soulless sallgecos BAAN ES 52 . : 59cot oe ag seeeneereeses 2 hate Mig ahck 5 . + Gey isla Tededadadstat |p we Ghal gible S SE OTe erg saa dh fete LS 1D ce cekdgailetss ~ “secteeeeees + oat Miyata G65 . be kya hen Se skal MOSS Ze yea sheyall gli Fata Gags ‘ 7 shoal ot Qe : ; sepa! aes seat eas Qa > (eee Danian ett 5S) LL iG al tayall MES ye (2 sgalicdebay NES yt CET ge (a a saya Mh ES Raya lt CES oe eee ML CS yall SL SES 2 tepaall h at he : : toh ol ; om Bh SES oe TU eS Be femglend Ge Seu ode ey IILSS ae hat SOAS ef deb ye de 5 SY : EAE gy fa YES Tgp Bes See Le , PSB ole GM heed pe Py AN eke oe pg aed Uo CAR Tee sigss a 838 ohn Thay Say Soe : as Talal _ : 7g $ Wee BEF (Ma ar Nj che : AV ee rad : . etna Gi Nik ap Sebeeed ee Mad Gb Ae Padthosl be eHAL AM netE Ge otg SUN FE Ge Grae Lee sober sStelNGIS ub eae Cia 2 Me tae go pat iG BSLEE Gubi Jix : Seeso. stele oda real GIGI yb plead aa BN Se § eeiN 51g we bitat Lic ge EE ott, pm gh ons. & ghetibeaee given ead sen SIN UE le YAN SES po on hE earl Gole ALL AE eye ce baee Conny Ss MeS ag ales EON UN oe ple asinn, SAS alates i Rati Toad oll ge aed ed 15 LY Een ye * Sa egies ole oh satis ‘ Seeger Nien cad 5, 2 ENS ge ol ay pian BYE Wy ats Spat bla 255 15” oe Saale bia dase pe Sl Gb 2k a be 2 bala y deal sake u gy . + aay tigate go date Eu 2 , 3 6st- 119 . : + emt SGT le pan aLal ‘lpr oss 1 thas or ole FR late GI eras rable pale Jae sd ALAIl dale cw ‘ . 7 his! net te gh band ligt dee Get ga Winole lls co inom PIE, danny sialgatl yb ie edn 5 oh Galt : hia nts gh e- bal gate soaps gle pant joo NCES SKY ye fs ni Bo gg Jaa EES y Balpat ge penn gad dak | / * \ ¢ 1 gee ge Gal igen Gal eel Jans) ge Ry blah sd Leet call Naa ily op Uae pilcdapal oo san yy ' ; t aett ASUS ededall 6 hs damm opal e glee de yy ene Gp dingy eet dee ee oe Wp gtd ee + Sayer on ther awe Miles soap ay soadinle stepeeell ney Se 3 56 | 7 eg L47 aa : : 119 t isle pall ae Uy tale ce Sle? gb gee Jae : One tale eal Lisl fh te oles ge Ioan eae AS Veal ia oe ee © blll any Bolt gle pan ny Teele taal alyS all ’ . *. scpkill pdt Gl sHpAUillinale oe Bobet gle pant Spee ll Yee ds ‘ staal gp dell . Teey sbaleSl ge peta te,tes Dialogue . ' wo eet Spel oh le 65 15 Ql eas GLE YE yn es - ; GNI katt postal LUM dhe LES Sas (yy? . B eted any \ A5- (r) ho. as Questions on the Dialogue Sage tee By Spel cad tak BI Mt Ly Sane CGS 5 Flan dole: Gh gk Taal oe tule gh Lande oy 8 peienlll sols Sa cenit joe Jeng rs , te eb al wes : 8 Gyo pele Jo 2 58* Vocabulary List to (preposition, indicating estination) after (prepositional adverb) to obtain, to get obtaining, attainment, acquisition » (verbal noun) to go’ (to) ‘to return (from) husband wife +23 academic degree, diploma, certificate Le B.A, (academic degres) M,Av (academic degree) PhD (academic degree) . this morning agman (capital of Jordan) work, activity (verbal noun) for, for the purpose of (preposition) why? when? 7 evening 59 +Grammatical Notes - , st wht * A. Arabic sentencés with verbs This lesson introduces sentencgs which contain verbs. Such sentences are two types: those which begin With (or consist of) a verb, and those which begin with a noun: \ rajaga. + fajada saliim, Saliin rajava. ‘He returned." ‘Salim returned.* "Salim returned.* equivalent gentences of the first type: man rajada? . Hino \retirned?* saliim rajaga, - "Salih retumned." 77° In the sentences yaja9a saliim and saliim yalja9a, the subject of the verb is saliim. The verb agrees with a following subject in gender onl; aja9a saliim, ° 7” ‘Salim returned.! FajaQat ‘ustaadatii, "My teacher (P) returned.* + gajada ‘asaatidatii ‘My teachers (M) returned." Fajadat 'ustaadaatii. ‘My teachers (F) returned,’ With a preceding subject, however, the verb agrees in nupber, gender, and person, Agreement in number, gender, and person is’ indicated by suffixes which occur,on the verb form. The huva form of the -Werb ve Loe The form-gaja9a ‘he returned’ is the “huva form” of the verb (isa., the form which"has a third-person masculine singular subject), It, “i consists of (1) the sten gajad and (2) the suffix -a which means ‘ehiza sd Person masculine singulak™> — . f 7 C. “The citation form of the verb * In English, the infinitive is used ag the citation form pf the verb ~ (i.e., the form which refers to the verb as such without specifying . : tense, person, or number), In Arabic, the huwa form of the verb is used | * as the citation form) thus gaja9a is translatable by "to return’ (without specific reference to tense, person, nunber or gender), although Strictlyelo. od st) ) od Pe) |) eo" , L-19 Speaking it means ‘he geturned', In Arabic dictionaries, only the hua form 8f each verb is listed, . : D. The hiya, anta, anti, antun, and antunna forms of the verb 3 Bach of these forms is made by adding a siffix'to the verb stem. In the following table, the suffixes are separated from the,stem by a hyphen . hiya, rajad-at anta—Faja9-ta‘ woe ‘ anti’ yajad-ti : - antum — faja9-tun antunna faja9-tunna . Dropping the pronominal subject of the verb In a sentence 1ike antunna faja9tunna "You (F. Pl.) returned,’ thé, | subject is redundant simte-TeE MEETS gender, and person are speck tied", by the ending, on the verb; therefore, pronominalifMbjects which precede * the verb are usually dropped: . Lo antunna dahabtunna, @ahabtinna, "You (F; Pl.)went.! 7 F. Verbal nouns : ® 2 : 7 In Arabic, as in English, .there is a clags of nouns Which are derived from verbs. Some examples from English ara education (from $2 educate), paynent (from to pay), getting (from to get), wor eS) Mocking (irom £9 work), etc: . : ‘Axaiic nouns which afe derived from varbs will be referred toas |” “verbal nouns." “In the sentences below, alituguul is a verbal noun 7 derived from the verb itagala ‘to obtain’, and alSamial is a verbal noun @erived from Samila "tO WORR' :* . Faja9a ba9da lHuguali "He returned after zeceiving ~~ 9alaa ésahaada, the degree (literslly: "a a the obtaining of the dégree")." Faja9a 1ilgamali £14 * He returned to work in "my maktabii, . office (literally: "for : the purpose of working in - 7 ‘ay office"). : ft > . sel . . ‘ 61 a‘The question words mataa and limaadaa Like other question words, mataa ‘when?* and limaadaa ‘why?' come at the beginning of ‘the sentence: maid ac mata paja9a ‘ila 19iraag?” ‘when did he return to traq?! . Limaadaa dahaba ‘ila ‘why did he go to Cairg?* iqaahira? 1 ‘ ns hd . F414 ~ . . il fs : oes 69 :a Pattern Drills wdeat6UNiotes St 35 ofall nae lt CAUU cay 5 r-19 LA ode yh cy + Saag eel ae ” e pteelIl Zales gk Letall Jac 1 Eee Blatt Gad « Seeebilaole: hI LS + Baal ow ee 2 NS ales le rcll am 7 ALAN diets atl ican 5 wg aN ialpe byl aw sblapt yl alen, J beer M Gals heal JES 2 RAN Nyala sd steal Abpe gle gin Jam 7 ite Vang lh efoll gle i jab eye OW ten Ge tocar, ofall etal gales ge bac Lan 63 7~ Lel9 . 2M gala Gi ke Vignes 2 EV papal Sajal ga a gS aN aoht eptalas, Shas = poe ol Lalla, « faell Shaky Mbt tege 5 eC lavles yet ible lan 2 pact Senaall ge Ragas (hak SMa Je atau Stat Seo Gans Sayatll gl Same Ue Weal Lhe 5 Shake Fat dale ce getemlll Bolt Gb plipall SE an erie ate Ml EG e ds atl bho yl SaSeall Mglt Gad Seee ar taale esas les yh CMel! CU Ualledae bpd ASS yh plate tall ne S opiate gall che OS ME Lillie, Spal. yadda ge lS all bibpe ge cLigte dan p10 chee opsell lee Cal ow caertsalloglelall any i . can. Mase NE SepWergsllcn 5 2 OF Ti oe x :os bib Lady le piel Rhee gay Lacy Oe thst one By : Cale dali dabe cues Qi ce pth see ge, Toba SL Seas tous eb It Ges seal II a SHS a Bolpt yb Qin we Med ole I easy SL-19, e abel bans sal Gales yl Elan “|| Le BAM IL gang” reset Nip ; + ole aes \ : achat Dalp gle glam athe Pee a giro Tend ge os rm UNS n5 «hal WoW Jala. + tate oe etl jal + iat Next! plas + GH PEL ale, ’ + Shs heldatst Glows So Bl omscl dyes . shee glorbeldon, pRB daake ye olyS Wi ol tpl an = eapernale cereal aales lipaial Jam a peter lll iolys ile bee Jaw + 6 7grte : tye vy hen rails eC enh eal NG olge GbE la catenllaols ob t Hake Lat Ned “Ue Ghee Ea, ba pee Heed aren lll. alyS all doles le Cae eal wolle oe Cary Intl ogee hound os MygS a. ptaelGabyt yb len : hae olga anny Sh. Gad leas seerlll riot gleclan CR ee ow Cary Ihe a ‘ ae cabal goes sam Newsy stall yi aas shake zal Noes UP + ty Sb yas hind Sat ANWN kagle op perl aly gle Jaw owl sof ents - 4* tate eae Nas owe 7 lak taale co welt gb Jam Nae + olvsall wary chy oad hes Vea LG daake wo sly Swiss gl am we Sh res 2 cate Sheets GLA dl aed pee abel ol ed \ shake pabll ll aens we Gece pas SLA age hoes apa Sees Beale co crs Gales le plem call. obey aay IAW cae ees one 1 eagle go aieel alt se pilan eee Slap oe pears ht yal yl send eA LS bale oo slit Golg gleam ae old co payI-19 Te oy. Bobet ye pan paw ol Cad da Bobet le pend pan NEva 5 $e Ap Joa eal BNL peat serial arhlialet gle pant F yeA gdeall shall Ean Ua Bate deal FalyS.lN Gales te dpaall gad glenn la abyS GL yb best SAU pee ee Je dealt SoaasIBM ates le pont Goel it Gaea 5 Je ARK og eal Saal geal ol han, Ue Rael peal SoBe yp Seal pee Naas Ue east Tete pS gb pond) olay ll Gay de MS Mares gb pant Casall Ae yp oad) obit lEaad Ja aoerlllavles yb Span! CealLnis par, be al cand oE antipatill leans Ja spall baes yb dpa! TSAI ALS gt can, Sn We any satan llliot es yk Dyan any Gla! ean, Fetal oll Conny, SI ee dace wha glean, | thay ylcaany % Atl home,eee ~ 7 70= eg ‘de sae Tae hanes ge Be al chen Nias Ia Dan ilee J dallas xilleny i od ee Gasley ab NSkd aby SUN Fotps gb pal Cal Wierda Le cpg ellty yds IAS in a CAL Jeol wiengal Laut de edt pit tie A Ls dese sey Lb le play gloat doy egal shill Pore ete rem col gh Saal ecanige cya cn) “176 . “fsugl9 7 Free Selection Drills shee oy PUNE Shoes Boh Ges pL SAM ee iy toeny, Ge | Sameaings Cary de SEbl ex Balgt gle dedi ay Lavery Je c feet Bl ye - cigs \ aeall cle 5 lie wed sus FT Nepal elas clings aed Je Shaper of de ytd Je ; . £ ohana 55 ‘ \ olee -r tyode es too Mie yy oss Sytem gs Bo vay, Sb SIE L55Fl I CSS de . toa pds ub Was de owl fl goo G5 o!19 toa MES 8 pla bteye ghar gle ham gaz LH pall » Spe All leben sal Jae Tela (lS aS lhennd lliagalt Lely Ja SURLY So peleiyall Lulatlan, le Pe ie PI sate es cglellhoe ds Ja : + Sek pLN Liss © igh ny FelygS all le pad tigl fb Slbh ued de Sere yb creel lhl am a LSP al pl gle dealt nyt ll Yaad cal oll $ oils ll Jan ialee I gle n 8GInia oo SFU GUO Ne ge lan ool gs Seep dille om pel AUIS bles Je , “Nl Hern gl EchS de 7 8 Gee aN Gers Ye SE es a 8 pa cheep all Sill it OO Sue SEES Gey PEIN SE OSS fia Steen, Je 1 eS pt .ise! 92 ie Shey LS Ne Sey ELM Lent ola Jatt Zs. : 7 Sagal ae ol ge phi ws ney Tatlin cedolet ybben dike (Ny a wis wie Mb oid ey cot Mai BS See ee) 2 ole Ninny AS dae oll ye Elan fm) \ fay pe Acai ay a pcerlll ga lols stole baler Clee “Gay 1 peat gp atte Pasa peso iy a4 si119 s. RUE bo gee SO 5) sora a GELS BINGE bE NUL (my Seal Meas atis sepall NECN Se S25 de (yy us is det ots a the u Bll ladle Salk sal tab they . ve Lee apatiil colina jab eau BeeFree Oral Eiprossion go. Bee * Genall ene > LBW opal eli, Cyan Hho ll dle) whee pew See Raabe iat jae Bool col Satly prmelall ~ De WMadtul aul Q55Lz 76 tye cepa pine 2 ALN pea clay gate te inlwllb bolt ra an 4 gee an Sl ah 7 dolet wage Se, ie Gleplat ea alo eh cL LA they Ling ents wae tb JLY iy Tet tell epee I Ly Ley Geel int $F te hay oe 2 ol Lt a” wi last adits ph Sa « a ; x a oder we : : sl ‘ Me del, ay\* 7 ae +. 77 ibold Questiéns on the Comprehension Drills gle parla lead Fane nd ce Set gh td od h(n) Teen gh dan tole Tk Oy SUadd tole gh Gen yb dagg lde Ua fp) = Seo ge Som lhe uk ow oe fo" mn 7 : Tod Fhe gle Gen gle dam Je Vio) Tod PU) Jo ge any clan de aw af . ze 85te19 Reading and Writing EWU) Sth! As assigned in the ‘schedule. Y a 7 a \ 7 : ‘| . + \ \ \ » 96” +20 Now Features in! the Presentation Drills 1. (a) The vocabulary item glint. (B) The vocabulary items gana tLe (©) The vetabulary item “hal. woe 2. (a) The Voeabulary items” yas , and cle + nouns as objects of verbs. aa (b) The phrase Jl pan". . 3. (a) The verbal suffix wna (for"the person hunna). (>) The verbal suffixes ~uu, -tu, and onaa (for the persons hum, anaa, naiinu) . 717 mast 1 4. Drill on persons and suffixes of verbs. 5. (a) Adjectives modifying members of a construct, with the final vowel indicating which member is modified (accodring to case agreement). (b) Same as 5. (a), ‘but with different vocabulary and combinations. 6. brill, 7. Driller . @.. rill, 9. peila, 1+20 excl yall Bresentation prilis a = Nas es eed TOWLE goal de (Nyy + Nisley sete ol a take ety ee MEE ope telat plat pst de as hata tt OS kiN teeth SF bol IS raat & Nae MLS ge $ dats ge pant ane Ga lt Vase aghie tl anhalt ot Sets “ey sell | OR eae ol! Ailes, Bast SS peed Gt OU en, Gall ed) Seba Ayal saan d eel all tahst Ja leben dt oat ane tee lf Haya ow dla, we + ple Ysl ine, eee =e Fenty alt ety Glace! ooeut: 1-20 + pel theplcaY SAW Zo - : ol fhe phim cL fer epee! HN chelsea Mg she pic + pall Zheog lee Met Me ree + gael Clee lon WN Spae ed + pol Gheflen pita + poll Cleoglaeyt relent Ut tay aeyatll ll 4a me sfemle pole gle hand patil gl ofa ‘ Seip NIIP okiel, SN SES poem Je 8 pas Vkd Peet MBE Se Felalal sy, float + ott oll gies oui .t 2 thal Op dealt ow tes d4gual 3 : md ley Gl! IEE Mell foes 2 fell Realyede gh Gs 20 ow te ‘ :1-20 $ cheall Nba ghoa Wl Gf Jo Telazall gel Boles ye Seat Se fled Y CUD cbtyae de Sorte Sut SHBUM lca GA de GEE get SW be SY! clgate Ue sate BSE (9m) ote ‘ + Nee gNaeS (gen) ohm oll (Se) + old ERI _EN) + Ball phase (ety > . Eps my “ ) se HOES (0 seat get? (2) (why wha Qh | : 9 thie NEES (ons) S ppl all WES Jo SHANA Sop cap HEMI os BV Ge Shin pale ge Melee le Chal O55 taal BI lt : # Ugh St Zl! ES Up lee EE de FU ES aoe ne . ~ deal IIT, + eek .1-20 cipal gh 2aes ly oy + thet g LES; (ify sacerbllvles yb cis ict + telltale gh +s Reyall SNERES ET : seal NG Pg SESS (CS ys eat tohes ye Slat Eg) staples (SR) + keyall NEB (EB) 7 tee ser, + Mall yg Gay (Ss) + eal gy om) o talpll ge Glas (835) 2 doll ye las (53) ‘ : + Quah Be OS inn » LM 2 le (ty gon gett oe tae 7 + SEAM SS tae iat ude sis + HU Eadebean LY ee ob sae ge BN ode a ans get OS oan + geal ae CS ods « oS EK. ade ey = 2 BEAM 3K oe. vga goad t sk ele W ll Gost tlbtl CP + gael thee pe ll eM. pal Coca yf Sas, gh ete eal! ohs Wess ced Bel. cheall Nie fle yt 5a TELM gloat ae Pl peels yb tale Po alySall soles gh ean aN pel ciptae dl a ell cay + . gh Sta ga aaledl os piney CAseer seta Fhe siete 5 be ftaan be Lo 7 Vo + SSed it be tt St bari. betel ep ter be + Sol e . dee tat Std oP eb. ING ab Hess. ke YL, «Seed oe. te Sib stl + MNT. ta Sut ja Kaclsill . be chllet + cores gpelaall Kl gti yeas DSS AN I at ae ila Y bas Wletadll ge sl PLAY the LSU bal oo vat Janst anche cen epee dames tel cay «Lane ag hte! vaagle sigh 2 Malley «stat aes ile eal ade + Soe gl US day, Nt Se dt Sead ma * «elev eyat ee Sees + Slbglal ye : < + pre il Shall py ciaelell Me ZL Yes + tha Feb Ubiete pany It Nad bhiele pan! 87 98\ “babe gistsl aetlaally ela Ge WS Janel ~i* ‘ seth aee eaae egIt ete thot Sn puss pas J Pk tions on the Dialogue 7 oT gee TRL gloel ll cand BF ay fol EL ayy) de PpSelale FBI fle Wl ae De oy as Bam ete MST le A ro ge allan Yoga oe” F ebe gh :B20 Vocabulary List fteeting (noun) 7 ‘end (noun) to be|present at, to athena (requires an object) He attended the meeting. to come: (to), to arrive (at) "We cane to, town. proper name (F) morning before, prior to (prepositional adverb) Lebanon ~ esas 21 ONE Hes Ne fod. : b=20 f : 1 . ra 7 7 - Grammatical Notes - : i ell A.+ The anaa, natinu, hum, and hunna forms of the verb! ° . These forms are made by adding to the verb‘stem the suffixes shown below (a hyphen is used-.. separate the suffix from the ‘stem): fanaa dahab-tu. AT went : AP naiinu dahab-naa. We wentct . hum dahab-uu. "They (M) went." ( iL hunna @ahab-na. . . Mhey (PF) went." In terms of Arabic spelling, the suffix /-uu/ which occurs in th hum form of the verb is writtéa as + -b tha alif -dtes not Sorrespond to any sound at all, its presence’ is a spelling convention aimed at differentiating verb forms Which end jp /-uu/ from non-verbal : forms which have the sane ending (e.g., sgt in VOY 525 JEN. B, Use of singular verbs with plural subjects As was ‘menticned in Lesson 19, the subject may either precede or | follow the verb. In the first case, the verb must lagree with the “ sybject in nusber (as well as in petson and gender); jn the-second case, verb is always singula) : + dahaba ffaalibu, ‘the student went.' - * @ahaba ffullaabu, ‘The students went.’ 7 apbaalibu dahaba, "the student went." abfullaabu dahabuu. ‘The studepts went.* 7 S. “pajectives modifying members of a construct, ‘The forms which function as members Gf a construct cannot be separated by another form;’ consequently, an adjective which modifies the first ° + member must follow the entite construct. An adjective which follows a‘noun construct, then, may modify either the first or the second member of the construct which noun’ is modified by such an adjective is often ipdicated by agreement in nunber, gender, and cas 197 |ustaada ttilmiiai jjadiiau gstaada ttilmiidi jjaaiidi Sayyaaraty ttilmiidi jjadiidaew sayyaaratu ttilmiiai jjadisai almuraasily ma9a mudallifaati Anadrasati jjadiidati 1" ara. almaraasilu ma9a mu9allimgati ‘ ‘the student's new teacher! ‘the new. student's teacher* ‘the student's new cart "the new student's car" ‘the correspondené is with the teachers(F) of the new schoo} “now. ' « ‘ “the correspondsitt ig with the . 5 Amadvasati jjadiidaati T’aana.” new teachéis(F) of ‘the which onber of .the noun construct is npdifidd by the adjectives it \ such cases one can only guess on the bahia of the context: Sometimes ‘it is not possible to’ ne from the sentence alone” alkitaabu {i sayyaazati "the book is in the, new ‘o-ed's + { Seidmisaacs jjadiiaacs. : ‘car (or,the co-ed's new : car)? D, Thé bat of a verb’ Sy / Th'the sentence Hagartu jtimaa9an haan. 'T attended an important noctingMilagartu is a transitive verb whose object le jeimaagak, the + .objuct of 3VGTDis always in the accusative case. : Profixing the, definite article to words beginning with two. cSnsonants ‘To avoid getting a sequence of three consonants, the vowel /i/ is + 'S inserted between the /1/ of the definite article and a following word which begins with t¥o consonant oe al + jtimaad = alijtimaad - fii #1 + jeimaad = fd Tijeimaagi ‘ehe meeting* ‘in the meeting’ :Battern Drills . -- tee opted Cla Lebcal Iya osbbogll aby) + pdt bbe wes Wamu pol chee ninthode I Nye i uglell 7 oe WEL ye ban, cpap ull co © agSathaolye woe Moat Mbt spell tLe, lbs Ula Sa oye all + old I Ne dpa” -¢ Ss pall chee abl ce hameg ell . : 7 + ple ole Iplem gh ball oo alll eg Uhagl btn carp tla © pthonl gl bd Bll eas prt cle eee L Sle bla C oat * Le : cleo Cle Uebel epee lips LY) ll clap Ela Ebel cyte clad AS vp : 7 . fof Mey. 7 gtd MH gee setbal rye 7 7 af opel che tle Ueto EL ball + p22 cl ee cary ely . + Ral pe ge glanclaa! St 8 gy mY 4L207 TM peat See ll baa * «peter pleln! gpdmely all vm shee Lerae! lh oa set eae AG Se gil Ay flee all ppeelael bee Teams | SW ya Eany | ated oe Bas de gb be: see = paell cleo peteye gil tae 5 dob: Sie! ban tee ore hues Sad dye lala Gp petal bolt gb Claw "ple US patsy bey 5G ates pre ches atayae IN Lae ect pl Lae lca Nyy wv Ft eth cee tue ae Fale pl eben me pester aol Iyary de oa 1.6 10¢Pe) Sale a Minden! yen a 7 a 7 fap ast an, TNL I lyeed de ; : fala (l hon Yt aalialedl GI pay de * . Fale pl Galt ane lin tyae Je 8 da plasall Let steepeinie gl bees de t eos Sade pelea ae wit ll eas de. . | Tadd ens argon GI eed Jo . lb gh tl an a tenlta ELA Neal ll te Je ° Speld ph pane doe le plan Jo . t as Motes ee pent tee olapall Gi ed dd ‘tye 2. . rm pee GS! ail I game ligat UB Raya Ol pane hpabclibyld . . oe a pws 7 ee © Mp eat St IF pales gil et Feel! Lend ial has Io taal os Gare all Sb. elt Nt patie yt any cag 2 OW glo St Up tab PM cpamclyaial og set inat toot halt o Rey ll Leth J9 eg Ke tl cpt Se lala o> . Seed plea east Uo delat gl ey eI = 95 10;1-20 “onl ops! Mkt dd RSI pane ied! led + eee et Si pte 2M ye 5 egibyll oN anya tye! dred Mery Bae whe Ge Ge plan 7 8 agipst dead! SEA TEES IS Le ie exe yp Le gle Lelan ee, eI E ce gloat b WHE oc gp bled! byte vow Winey Je ole Lan spebleee ig Nigh Lbaa! bpae “fll aya gh dae gp Uae whe oe ya det ube Lae To aap ladl og lie Lyte Pigalle on alee gla than Jt wdevedl SATCU Nae =v -Y§ La CUGI Nae ge C15 Te oe CS 97 hap aN ES oe + an US 2 ESM HAAN, de ESM Ae + Rah BILE tie 7 NaH NLS Ve Sant YI oub Ye + eal LE oe . 7 Ae a, «Lh Mew ae , soe ean EIU Lie . oe aaa ade 2 Papal RE on “gant WGC ade : Sedat pb 5 oe ete YI the aca bNLS oie pean UES san oN BAIN ato TEM ye Batt ode 10s ¢ . ~ 20ode andl iby JIS Nie soda alle Whyte Van 2 Fan SET ERb type : “eapon! Ste NT Nb Je we. hae tS. Gace ag) Sep Va dake yase wee Vippiso gin phe e slope tb aytegsl 3 Bae, + pea pli Wyld le dee eae SE Welt: ap By seals eo Bas apes BS Loy ah BpAS ode te dee 3 acl ee lac her y Bnet -Ipite Bly eblytb (ye HE. dee Alb aie > qe. : 1-20 CLA aos Qle obey gets go glad § Etaanl SSWEN Je ys 7 Selsey et ows : ial Phe Gay slat § Flan Gyan de ip pee CEI 21S oe do ey olde gl FY uate ae Je Sete oS ery Bebe sae cel Fuad oe oy a “\ Spat che Lhe! yar! yan Je i. Senda go piel Glace CL Sal sate de ~~ ; a Flybe 3 Zlcet ste Jo in Fold ol Uetae'y Lake Land Ue 8 Bd Soke gibS Ja : TO cee Pamll ce Gobet gle pan! Je pany’ Ue tos feet Dyke, ic S Fala ale ole ole ol gw Spall ity eg CUDA Ele Gan LD ce de SS eal Lae US atalt det, Fuel Cyan Je - 2M cyte Zul! hapagit Eda o 1" 99 105 . toe 7$ ean (EGON At Us flee CLL cae be 8 glee hot ae Gg ctype Des of cys Gey Lake GILG Lendl tee SG Jacl a 2a ya ed pele Hamed (ty) - 6 Glen US paw ae Sh gully cay atl 6 ppl cle Ulcelc,ae Ul TA phe hae pal pitted. ileptat g ul. wet MUI US le Clam I CU lye ga Na (0) Id tee yall Joie Lyall howd tee U9) . : . a ee | te lh eta alt eo pla ay” + et “hill ony te go balled @ ball Gy , i : pes Loy aedy SUE opt lean ul US ae SM og de Glade BALI tyke i Ged (by . Ja Qh gpl SEW ond at pled Y Ge Hs) . fe dean SS gee ag tel) : el ole Pele etl ae “dy ote el ie Ign cretly inlay pole. Bel carers ee ole) a alee ule gt ne eS ane + bp LI ae led Mo eel case «call lh bees cel cecal eM ie ae fa o Tb Upghan Spam pelt eh yt Lees gy . ul 1b06 . o eu € 7 7 7+ er cyan Pele Sie an lettyen 20) we ghiet Spyies glen Vdjan ipa + glen We yan tucks Le) ete CNS, ple Gall Chita (3) : . Ce ea Ga phon a TL ae “6), . soap FLY. plo AOI GLa (uy eel cae. ee cyte le ey tS tee ee ge Ean peel Gales Yb gh Elam Qe) 7ST ele pole ge ole bettas oh 4) 2 tee DIS, rere ord Nstiewe «( 5) Ni te AN teal Ay deg taal cee (uy A a + c . . y TRF dete La ge lly beable! oo Bgl ial Tt Pack ike y ae Nl ES det 1B hate ot 7 che + Bee old the eek nee Te eal Gla 101. L1-20 Eree Oral Expression Geta ete DW pall clyjng Upaine btete cle dle yf . Fm eal pipe tll penal clay Gea . . pe Ul : al che + fa as a ~ Peer) . ~ CN dates ad gt eytte ; wale gh “ nas peileys Ses ole tau, ~ : deh eH a es ye : deel, GaSe dey Tet a : = Aah is pdley clean, + hapa LA te : . 7 SL gl+ 220 eal as + RIL CLAW oe ALE Leet Lae I JL, oy : SD pe etl tee Ul le+ b-2p \guestions on the Comprehension Drills FU patel all ole asl, Te Megeande ll aS SW) Pat wayieby ede (4) 7 . SAA Cipeetnale ow diy ley Ble Jamivle Gl ole (1) 7 : . Saab ob bean iy Geese tir) . . Boel 8 dee high Glan de (4) ‘ 8 GAN We cow 5 Nt (0) Pingleclan dole? Gl yk (1) \ s. TpaLAl inde cary ge (yy 8 gs Vimleingae gloat GI () 7 : 7 . a . oo ¥ ¢ ; : 7 dig 7 . "toa 7. . o N 7 7 . 1-20 4 . a : ae : rasson 20 : "Reading apd Writing GARG SLA! The students read the Dialogue of Lesson 15 Yin Arabic script). for: hchework, the students (1) prepare for ,the folidwing day's “dictation , (which is based on the’ same dialogue), and (2) read the Pialogie of Lesson. 16, * ao on toe . t . i me : 7 . ’ . 7 . . . . ’ a . ra . . \c “ : seme, 17-20, Review Lessons’ 17 = 20 . To VV egy ol done ss . te * SIS fehl Gl: Ste ay fo et Sedans reutlan ‘ , Ea ' + lille 8 pe Le ot + 7 Fe Geol oS ge Bleak ol 7 + bape tac lulgl ASNT eel gh yYAll gle © ALS pe KIT . > Ska Tal ae gee all gh e (fy gt lady tb igs patlhcst FYE LIG ee bedl (2 6 BIN Lally Gams b che — 1 ae (gt) BSL 6 ple V Puen dele yh J gl Ua! . o Rey dodo PRIUS SEAT . eo . a edd (Wey usb * : 107,ay 7 R720 . ' 2 Ft og eR Sell gy Cth Sonn (1 Voges « Sac (Myr ial yy ee : Be coke) sitet vots,j C bey liens : il SIs 38. (iH ge) yb! , ny bay on Uytlal ley bul Ul 2 pte yt Sau (gat etsint, gh 2 Babel de any pee Hoes: SEAYIL 5 SFI leclany par heed: celal!\ “De ea Oe BUNA gle pened tae 6 Se egy Saale Re17=20 ras Qty ae aha y Less gle lil ye gal 9” 7 LRU on BS yp bps ee di i ed GT bas ee bee oe . . , : NS pte he dee 7 ‘ 7 Jad biker eee oe ee dole — Ei eal ta Gant ge + Rie nt oe eae Spar ne Wage Bade oe Bolget gle ewe Uuan., | bee tL SAU epi GIL ferent wee ; eet lees Saye er pet bis pertuss shyS V3 tpt . 2 ope ad gy Saal ei bate, . 1 BSW ile bp Dole Gb Span Fae Gl pleas - Finely La fey 109. + Se oF AteRhITR20" | 2 Dalpd! gis Upon! aay . ten egloedh Seas 2 St selon! WJEuas yt” Se + ppl Le pee eo chee Hees WP SETA I OAS . » 7 « UL. oe Sheed ec erera SSE RT ya ere 1s : Le gtonl oe pele pawn ldlBolyt oe Glen pho MyS wd oye Gecan plas yl te hey all oe any ares + pee tell pany + Gee Sestall S be bdebll Gud |: SL wb Spal a ie Sy ey tht @ « 110 ausi i : . Re17-20 oSeritl . bets Jet 2 Pade deal. Lim 8 it “ . s + Mee EI Ge state + Sel SEY ome Se SB on Bded SINS: eds Ui 1 Bee TSK. Lessa. a . . Sel Ske. be Sit Stal RSS be Iga Te eee! ebeelthel yu 7 oe ~N sontpte ogelaal . CBI Ge WU ale. “ebul tu Ciel pal Nie ala, v 1 usu -k PESULEbS Selo hosts MEN Lt Sg 7 t Oe pbme dome Nyland Smee e phigh se Rules gle le Bie cle eee < : pislleny 6 Ie a ae ya oe : : ae +H ot : . BE 116%,Re17-20 a oleh Ups ate HES go CTI glee gle + eee tlh ec daladt I] a BLY Ss ee Mag Ugh Chet j 55 tg ead Ele gas - + eb abe PRI pletely! oe 8 Lael qt Sal ale oa 6 yl) pane heal a ee ? a 1 ba : At -Nev Features in the Presentation Drilts + (a) ‘The-pronominal suffixes as, attached to the preposition OF as the combination . Le2t Lesson 21 7 of , : (©) The preposition J and its usage before nouns! and with pronominal suffixes, suffix. 2 (ey: he some G2 ana “$e (doubling the /n/ of the oni’ 2, (a) The pronominal suffixes. as attached to the preposition git; the change of /aa/ to /ay/ before these suffixes when attached to Ulf the vocabulary item 3. (a) The preposition eh. wit with proncninal suffixes; the change of /ea/ to /ay / before such suffixes when attached to Jt". t oo sto mean’ 5 "pe vocabulary items a ae » . 5. (a) The vocabulary item (>) The use of le plus a prondminal suffix, followed by waly, * has a duty." ‘ th Wye ee ey and its use Before an indefinite noun in the genitive sega and before a definite noun in the genitive plural. (b) Contrast between the in 5. (a). : (cy use ef... US before a definite noun inthe genitive singular ~ (aeaning "All of" ¢...." of to types pf uses of CE an described -- "The whole. . (a) the sate use of US as in 5. (6), but as applied to a noun with a pronominal suffix. 6., JS - with prononinay suffixes. 7. The vocabulary item (8S —; the verbal nous © dae and pain; the use of a verbaf noun with the preposition 1 the vocabulary Stems fe athe lbs WUale Be ls te the use of the preposition e 8. Drill.” 9. Drill. : . 10. Drill. .ue brit, . 7 a &- 0 7 ean pratesttoyal oe Lesson 21 a Prosentgtion drills . oe vet GE bla SEA a utet yb Yl (ly . het EMIS. FS doled gle ULES oN whet gle bee SASL ge totes ob ya ; 7 = whet ye Les PIE gy ulet gle Uloe F Bolpcitals “eden eT EL oles ob Geis Uae de ; tao bias eden fle gots oh et Uae de "126,L-21 . 7 . t eile han Sas * Sebtotes yoikeh da 1 SEE notes yb ke ae fe, rub \ . Se pee pe EUS ue (YL er, + eel belt eet Nie . . = : Stalls olay pad taf eban! weaned o \ 4 ‘ 2 le ph Deg gy 7 ae t Wr ees Beyaltedan gta + EE pe dag gy 4 Bayh Bagyedl go . : 28 at tt te : «Spe pe aged SF a se Le + LS pb Bugsedl os, 2 LE ph Bayell § 7 Lo t6 “124n ro 4 ve play ded Ge < 7 plenty Jel gle x ' petebetseel! ule \ a ° \ ‘ api BT dag