(No Model.) BEST AVAILABLE COP 2. Sheets-Sheet l.

N TESLA
THERMO MAGNETIC MOTOR,
No. 396, 121, Patented Jan, 15, 1889,

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(No. Model.)
BEST AVALABLE COP 2. Sheets-Sheet 2.
N. TESLA.
THERMO MAGNETIC MOTOR.
No. 396,121, Patented Jan. 15, 1889.
 BEST AVAILABLE COP
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
NIKOLATESLA, OF SMILJAN, LIRA, AUSTRIA-IIITN GARY.
THERMO-MAGNETIC MotoR.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 896,121, dated January 15, 889,
Application filed March 30, 1886. Serial No. 1,97,ll5, (No model.)
To all whom it may concern: of N is sufficient to overcome the spring W
Be it known that I, NIKOLATESLA, of Smil and draw the armature A toward the magnet
jan, Lika, Border Country of Austria-Hun N. The heat acting upon the armature A
gary, have invented an Improvement in Ther neutralizes its induced magnetism sufficiently 55
ismo-Magnetic Motors, of which the following
5
a specification. for the spring W to draw the armature A
It is well known that heat applied to a mag away from the magnet N and also from the
netized body will lessen the magnetism, and heat at H. The arnature now cools, and the
if the temperature is raised sufficiently the attraction of the magnet N overcomes the
O
magnetism will be neutralized or destroyed. spring W and draws the armature A back
In my present invention I obtain mechan again above the burner II, so that the same is
again heated and the operations are re
ical power by a reciprocating action resulting peated. The reciprocating mvements thus
from the joint operations of heat, magnetism, obtained are employed as a source of me
and a spring or weight or otherforce--that is chanical power in any desired manner. Usu
to say, I subject a body magnetized by in ally a connecting-rod to a crank upon a fly
duction or otherwise to the action of heat un wheel shaft will be made use of, as indicated
til the magnetism is sufficiently neutralized Fig. 10; but I do not limit
to allow a weight or spring to give motion to in respect.
myself in this
4
the body and lessen the action of the heat, so Fig. 2 represents the same parts as before
that the magnetism may be sufficiently re described; but an electro-magnetisillustrated
stored to move the body in the opposite di place of a pormanent magnet. The opera
rection, and again subject the same to the de in tions, however, are the same.
magnetizing of the heat.
In carrying out my invention I am able to in InFigs. Fig. 3 I have shown the same parts as
25 make use of either an electro-magnet or a per anged. The and 2, only they are differently ar 75
armature A, instead of swing
manent magnet, and I preferably direct, the
heat against a body that is magnetized by in ing, is stationary and held by an arm, P', and
the core N S of the electro-magnet, is made to
duction, rather than directly against a perma swing within the helix Q, the said core being
nent magnet, thereby avoiding the loss of mag suspended
3o netism that might result in the permanent A shield, R, isbyconnectedthe arm P from the pivot M.
magnet by the action of heat. I also provide and swings there with, sowith the magnet-core
that after the heat
for lessening the volume of the heat or for in has demagnetized the armature A to such
tercepting the same during that portion of the an
reciprocation in which the cooling action NSextent that the spring W draws the core
away from the-armature A the shield R.
35 takes place. comes between the flame II and armature A,
In the drawings I have represented by dia thereby
grams some of thc numerous arrangements and allowing intercepting the action of the heat
that may be made use of in carrying out my magnetism, again the armature to cool, so that the
invention. In all of these figures the mag preponderating, causes the
4O net-poles are marked NS, the armature A, the movement of the core N S toward the arma go
ture A and the removal of the shield R from
IBunsen burner or other source of heat II, the above the flame, so that the heat again acts
axis of motion M, and the spring or the equiva to lessen or neutralize the magnetism. A
lent thereof-namely, a weight-is marked W. rotary or other movement may be obtained
In Figure 1 the permanent magnetN is con
45 nected with a frame, F, supporting the axis from this reciprocation.
M, from which the arm.P hangs, and at the Fig.Fig.3, 4except corresponds in every respect with 95
lower end of which the armature A is sup magnet, NS, isthat a permanent horseshoe
ported. The stops 2 and 3 limit the extent of place of the electro-magnet in as
represented taking the
motion, and the spring W tends to draw the In Fig. 5 I have shown a helix, Q,Fig.
so armature
said 3. .
with an CO
A away from the magnet N. It is armature adapted to swing toward or from
now to be understood that the magnetism the helix. In this case there may be a soft
 80,191 BEST AVAILABLE COP
iron core in the helix, or the armature may armature is pivoted at one end to one pole of
assume the form of a solenoid-core, there be the magnet and the other end swings toward
ing no permanent coro within the helix. . . and from the other pole of the magnet. The
Fig. 3 is an end view, and Fig. 7 a plan apring W acts against a lever-arm that pro 55
5 view, illustrating my improvenient as appliedjects from the armature, and the supply of
to a swinging ai'natu'', A, and a stationary heat has to be partly cut of loy a connection
perman (ent. Inaginct, N. S. In this instance I to the swinging armature, so as to lessen the
apply the heat, to an auxiliary anature or heat, acting upon the ke(per-plate when the
keeper, T, which is adjacent, to and preferably armature. A has bcon attracted. 6o
IO in direct contact with the magnet. This Fig. :) is similar to Fig. 8, except that the
armature T, in the form of a plate of sheet keeper T is not inade use of and the arma
iron, (extends across from one pole to the other ture itself swings into and out of the range
and is of sufficient section to practically form of the intense action of the heat from the
a keeper for the magnet, so that, when this buncer If.
IS armature T is cool nearly all the lines of Fig. 10 is a diagram similar to Fig. 1, except.
force pass over the Haine and very little free that in place of using a spring and stops the
magnetism is exhibited. Then the armature armature is shown as connected by a link, 12,
A, which swings freely on the pivots M in to the crank 13 of a fly-wheel, so that the fly
front of the poles N S, is very little attracted wheel will be revolved as rapidly as the arma 7o
and the spring is pulls the same away from ture can be heated and cooled to the neces
the poles into the position indicated in the sary extent. A string may be used in addi
drawings. The heat, is directed upon the iron tion, as in Fig. 1. .
plate 'fat, some distance from the magnet, so In Fig. 11 the two armatures A A are (on
as to allow the magnet to be kept compara nected by a link, so that one will be heating 75
25 tively cool. This heat, is applied beneath the while the other is cooling, and the attraction
plate by means of the burners H, and there is exerted to move the cooled armature is
a connection from the armaturo A or its pivot availed of to draw away the heated armature
to the gas-cock 6 or other device for regulat instead of using a spring.
ing the heat. The heat acting upon the mid I have shown in the drawings several ways
dle portion of the plate T, the magnetic con of carrying out my invention; but said in
ductivity of the heated portion is dininished vention is not limited by any particular form,
or destroyed, and a great number of the lines arrangement, or construction of devices.
of force are deflected over the armature A, I claim as my invention
which is now powerfully attracted and drawn 1. The combination, with a swinging body
35 into line, or nearly so, with the poles NS. In under the influence of magnetism, of a burner
so doing the cock 6 is nearly closed and the or other source of heat acting to vary the
plate T cools, the lines of force are again de magnetism, and a spring or other power to
flected over the same, the attraction exerted move the swinging body in the opposite di
upon the armature A is diminished, and the rection to the action of the magnetism, sub
40 spring W pulls the same away from the imag stantially as set forth.
net into the position shown by full lines, and 2. The combination, with two or Lorearnia
the operations are repeated. The arrange tures connected to each other, of magnets to
ment shown in Fig.6 has the advantages that influence such armatures, and burner's or
the magnet and armature are kept cool and other sources of heat to vary the magnetic: 95
45 the strength of the permanent magnetis bet action and cause the armatures to move, sub
ter preserved, as the magnetic circuit is con stantially as set forth.
stantly closed. Signed by me this 25th day of March, 1886.
In the plan view, Fig. 8, I have shown a NIKOLA TESIA. .
permanent magnet and keeper-plate, T, simi Witnesses;
So lar to those in Figs. 6 and 7, with the burn (EO. T. PINCKNEY,
ers H for the gas beneath the same; but the WALLACE I. SERREII.