READING

Directions:In this section you will read FOUR different passages. Each one is followed by
10 questions about it. For questions 1-40, you are to choose the best answer A, B, C or D,
to each question. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in
the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Answer all
questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage.
You have 60 minutes to answer all the questions, including the time to transfer your
answers to the answer sheet.

PASSAGE 1 – Questions 1-10

Hong Kong is the name of an island off the coast of mainland China. The biggest and most
important city- Hong Kong is Vitoria, but not many people use this name. People usually
call the city Hong Kong too. Even though Hong Kong is small, only about 1000 square
kilometers, around seven million people live there today. Hong Kong has a very interesting
history. Many years ago the island of Hong Kong belonged to China and now it belongs to
China again. However, for more than 150 years, Hong Kong was ruled by the British.

Hong Kong has a very good port and in the middle of the 19th century, British ships often
stopped there. They came to China to trade. However, in 1839 a war began between China
and Britain which continued for three years. In 1842 the Chinese and the British held a
meeting which ended the war. At the meeting, the island of Hong Kong was given to
Britain. Fifty years later, 1898, China gave the area around Hong Kong to the British for
99 years. In 1997 the British returned Hong Kong to China but it was a very different place
from the deserted island of 150 years ago.

Not many people lived in Hong Kong when it was first given to Britain. Most of the people
were Chinese farmers and fishermen and soon more Chinese arrived. Some of them left
China because they could not find work there and others came to Hong Kong when there
was a war in China. All of these people came to find a better life for themselves and their
children. Beside the Chinese, many other people came. They came from India, Britain,
Holland and many other countries. After some years they began to think of Hong Kong as
their home and they began to work hard for their new home. They too wanted to make a
better life for their families.

People began to build factories and many kinds of things were produced such as clothes,
medicines, machines and radios. These things were not only sold in Hong Kong but also to
many other countries. Hong Kong soon became famous as a world centre for buying and
selling, and it has continued to get stronger and stronger.

7A In 1997, When Britain returned Hong Kong to China, there were many differences
between the Hong Kong way of life and the Chinese way of life and people thought there
might be some problems. 7B Many people from Hong Kong didn’t want to live by the
Chinese rules. 7CMeetings between the leaders of both countries were held and it was
decided that Hong Kong would be ruled by “One country, two systems”. 7D

Today, Hong Kong is a world centre for trade and banking. There are world famous
universities teaching in both English and in the Chinese language of Cantonese. The port
is one of the finest in the world and the beautiful city of Victoria is built surrounding hills.
For the visitor Hong Kong offers both East and West. You can go shopping, try food from
many different countries, visit interesting places, and have a great time.

1. What does “this” in paragraph 1 refers to

A. Hong Kong
B. Victoria
C. city
D. the coast
2. There was a meeting between Britain and China because
A. They were fighting each other.
B. Britain wanted to buy Hong Kong.
C. China and Britain were friends.
D. China and Britain wanted to attack Hong Kong.
3. The word “deserted” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by
A. crowded
B. rich
C. poor
D. abandoned
4. The main idea of the third paragraph is
A. How Hong Kong became a colony of Britain
B. Why Britain wanted Hong Kong
C. When China gave Hong Kong to Britain
D. Why Britain returned Hong Kong to China.
5. Before the British came to Hong Kong,
A. there were many Chinese universities.
B. there were only a few English schools.
C. there were many English schools.
D.There were a few people living on the island.
6. What does the author imply when stating “one country, two systems”?
A. Hong Kong is not ruled by China because it has a different way of life.
B. Hong Kong still belongs to Britain, but follows the Chinese way of life.
C. Hong Kong is a part of China, but has its own way of life.
D. Hong Kong does not want to be a part of China.
7. Look at paragraph 5, where the following sentence can be added?
This meant that Hong Kong people could continue to live in the way that they had,
while being a part of China.
A. 7A
B. 7B
C. 7C
D. 7D
8. How is the information in the passage organized?
A. in order of importance
B. in order of space
C. in chronological order
D. causes and effects
9. In what paragraph does the author mention the jobs people in Hong Kong were
mainly doing when it started to be an official colony of Britain?
A. Paragraph 1
B. Paragraph 2
C. Paragraph 3
D. Paragraph 4
10. What is the main purpose of the author when writing this passage?
A. To explain why Hong Kong didn’t want to become a part of China
B. To help the readers understand more about the history of Hong Kong
C. To persuade foreigners to visit Hong Kong
D. To explain why Hong Kong is a powerful island

PASSAGE 2 – Questions 11-20

Every year for many years the people of Milpa Alta, Mexico, have prepared a feast in the
week before Christmas. Sixty thousand tamales and 15,000 litres of hot chocolate are made
in less than a week, not too much and not too little for the thousands of people who show
up for the feast. The feast is called La Rejunta and is made for pilgrims preparing for the
long walk to the holy cave of El Señor de Chalma on January 3rd. The people responsible
for organising La Rejunta are called the majordomos. It’s an honour to be chosen and so
many people want to do it that the waiting list is full until 2046.

The stages in the organisation of La Rejunta are the same every year. Tradition is important
to the Milpa Alta people. Corn has been grown here for hundreds of years and the name of
the region means ‘high cornfield’. Local farmers grow most of the corn, meat, and
vegetables needed as ingredients for the meal. And a year before the event, the men go to
the forest and collect wood that they pile up high near the home of the majordomo so that
it will be properly dried before it’s used for open-air cooking. This year’s majordomos are
Virginia Meza Torres and her husband Fermín Lara Jiménez. ‘There is an infinity of things
to do,’ Virginia Meza Torres says firmly, as if to indicate there is no time to talk. Virginia
is heading to the local offices to get the necessary permits and Fermín sets off into the
countryside in search of more ingredients. They leave their daughter Montserrat Lara Meza
in charge. She is a 24-year-old graduate student who’s come home to help her parents for
the week. Volunteers are starting to arrive and Montserrat wanders down the hill to a shed
to see how the toasting of the corn is going. Everything is made from the basics – no instant
mixes or other culinary shortcuts are allowed.

Such traditional approaches are part of everyday life here. Eating together is perhaps the
most important example. ‘In my experience, there is a glue, a bonding, that comes from
the time together at the table,’ says Josefina García Jiménez. She often cooks for her nieces
and nephews and says, ‘It feels like I am passing down a tradition, and when it comes to
their turn to be adults, they will remember what I have done. Here we have time to cook,
time to think just what ingredients are needed, time to show our kids through cooking that
we love them.’

When the day of La Rejunta arrives, the volunteers have been up all night, though no one
admits to feeling tired. Fermin has made sure there are enough tamales for everyone, and
the head cook has been stirring the atole (chocolate drink) all night. After a 14-year wait,
and a full year of preparation, it’s almost time for Fermin and Virginia to hand over
responsibility to the next majordomos. But first, there are thousands of cups of atole to
serve.

11. The article is an account of

A. day-to-day life of farmers in Mexico.
B. key features of a Mexican community.
C. what Mexican people eat at Christmas.
D. what Mexican people drink at Christmas
12. La Rejunta is
A. a meal where all the guests bring some dishes.
B. a feast which is organized every 2 years
C. just one example of Milpa Alta traditions.
D. started as a way of using up extra corn in Milpa Alta.
13. La Rejunta feast
A. is held once every two years
B. lasts a week.
C. takes two weeks to get ready
D. takes a week to get ready.
14. Pilgrims to the holy cave
A. take Rejunta food to eat on their journey.
B. make their trip after Christmas.
C. are called majordomos.
D. make their trip right after having the meal
15. Which statement is true?
A. It’s hard to find people who want to organise the feast.
B. It’s difficult to get selected to organise the feast.
C. The next feast is in about thirty years’ time.
D. Not many people want to organize the feast.
16. Which statement is NOT true, according to the second paragraph?
A. Preparations for the feast start a year in advance.
B. Everything required for the meal comes from the local area.
C. Only vegetarian food is served at the meal.
D. The cooking is done in the open air.
17. Virginia and Fermin
A. have lots of experience organising these meals.
B. make all the preparations themselves.
C. don’t have enough ingredients for the feast.
D. are too busy to spend much time with the author.
18. In Milpa Alta, people pay attention to traditions
A. all the time.
B. only at certain times of the year.
C. when they eat.
D. when Chrismast is coming
19. According to Josefina García Jiménez,
A. cooking for your family is an act of love.
B. people no longer remember cooking traditions.
C. traditional cooking takes up too much time.
D. young people do not like traditional cooking.
20. According to the final paragraph, which statement is true?
A. The volunteers eat tamales during the night.
B. Last-minute preparations take place the night before the feast.
C. Fermin and Virginia have to choose the next majordomos.
D. The next majordomos are chosen right after the feast.

PASSAGE 3 – Questions 21-30

The Native Americans of northern California were highly skilled at basketry, using the
reeds, grasses, bards, and roots they found around them to fashion articles of all sorts and
sizes - not only trays, containers, and cooking pots, but hats, boats, fish traps, baby carriers,
and ceremonial objects.
Of all these experts, none excelled the Pomo - a group who lived on or near the coast during
the 1800's, and whose descendants continue to live in parts of the same region to the same
region to this day. They made baskets three feet in diameter and others no bigger than a
thimble. The Pomo people were masters of decoration. Some of their baskets were
completely covered with shell pendants; others with feathers that made the baskets'
surfaces as soft as the breasts of birds. Moreover, the Pomo people made use of more
weaving techniques than did their neighbors. Most groups made all their basketwork by
twining - the twisting of a flexible horizontal material, called a weft, around stiffer vertical
strands of material, the warp. Others depended primarily on coiling - a process in which a
continuous coil of stiff material is held in the desired shape with tight wrapping of flexible
strands. Only the Pomo people used both processes with equal case and frequency. In
addition, they made use of four distinct variations on the basic twinning process, often
employing more than one of them in a single article.

Although a wide variety of materials was available, the Pomo people used only a few. The
warp was always made of willow, and the most commonly used welt was sedge root, a
woody fiber that could easily be separated into strands no thicker than a thread. For color,
the Pomo people used the bark of redbud for their twined work and dyed bullrush root for
black in coiled work. Though other materials were sometimes used, these four were the
staples in their finest basketry.

If the basketry materials used by the Pomo people were limited, the designs were amazingly
varied. Every Pomo basketmaker knew how to produce from fifteen to twenty distinct
patterns that could be combined in a number of different ways.

21. What best distinguishes Pomo baskets from baskets of other groups?
A. The range of sizes, shapes, and designs
B. The unusual geometric
C. The absence of decoration
D. The rare materials used
22. The Pomo people used each of the following materials to decorate baskets
EXCEPT
A. Shells
B. Feathers
C. Leaves
D. bark
23. What is the author's main point in the second paragraph?
A. The neighbors of the Pomo people tried to improve on the Pomo basket weaving
techniques.
B. The Pomo people were the most skilled basket weavers in their region.
C. The Pomo people learned their basket weaving techniques from other Native Americans.
D. The Pomo baskets have been handed down for generations.
24. The word "others " in paragraph 2 refers to
A. masters
B. baskets
C. pendants
D. surfaces
25. According to the passage, what did the Pomo people use as the warp in their
baskets?
A. bullrush
B. willow
C. sedge
D. redbud
26. The word “article” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by
A. decoration
B. shape
C. design
D. object
27. According to the passage. The relationship between redbud and twining is most
similar to the relationship between
A. bullrush and coiling
B. weft and warp
C. willow and feathers
D. sedge and weaving
28. The word “staples” in paragraph 3 is closest meaning to
A. combinations
B. limitations
C. accessories
D. basic elements
29. The word “distinct” in paragraph 4 is closest meaning to
A. systematic
B. beautiful
C. different
D. compatible
30. Which of the following statements about Pomo baskets can be best inferred from
the passage?
A. Baskets produced by other Native Americans were less varied in design than those of
the Pomo people.
B. Baskets produced by Pomo weavers were primarily for ceremonial purposes.
C. There was a very limited number of basketmaking materials available to the Pomo
people.
D. The basketmaking production of the Pomo people has increased over the years.

PASSAGE 4 – Questions 31-40

Schizophrenia is in reality a cluster of psychological disorders in which a variety of
behaviors are exhibited and which are classified in various ways. Though there are
numerous behaviors that might be considered schizophrenic, common behaviors that
manifest themselves in severe schizophrenic disturbances are thought disorders, delusions,
and emotional disorders.

Because schizophrenia is not a single disease but is in reality a luster of related disorders,
schizophrenics tend to be classified into various subcategories. The various subcategories
of schizophrenia are based on the degree to which the various common behaviors are
manifested in the patient as well as other factors such as the age of schizophrenic patient
at the onset of symptoms and the duration of the symptoms. Five of the more common
subcategories of schizophrenia are simple, hebephrenic, paranoid, catatonic, and acute.

The main characteristic of simple schizophrenia is that it begins at a relatively early age
and manifests itself in a slow withdrawal from family and social relationships with a
gradual progression toward more severe symptoms over a period of years. Someone
suffering from simple schizophrenia may early on simply be apathetic toward life, may
maintain contact with reality a great deal of the time, and may be out in the world rather
than hospitalized. Over time, however, the symptoms, particularly thought and emotional
disorders, increase in severity.

Hebephrenic schizophrenia is a relatively severe form of the disease that is characterized

by severely disturbed thought processes as well as highly emotional and bizarre behavior.
Those suffering from hebephrenic schizophrenia have hallucinations and delusions and
appear quite incoherent; their behavior is often extreme and quite inappropriate to the
situation, perhaps full of unwarranted laughter, or tears, or obscenities that seem unrelated
to the moment. This type of schizophrenia represents a rather severe and ongoing
disintegration of personality that makes this type of schizophrenic unable to play a role in
society.
Paranoid schizophrenia is a different type of schizophrenia in which the outward behavior
of the schizophrenic often seems quite appropriate; this type of schizophrenic is often able
to get along in society for long periods of time. However, a paranoid schizophrenic suffers
from extreme delusions of persecution, often accompanied by delusions of grandeur. While
this type of schizophrenic has strange delusions and unusual thought processes, his or her
outward behavior is not as incoherent or unusual as hebephrenic’s behavior. A paranoid
schizophrenic can appear alert and intelligent much of the time but can also turn suddenly
hostile and violent in response to imagined threats.

Another type of schizophrenia is the catatonic variety, which is characterized by alternating

periods of extreme excitement and stupor. There are abrupt changes in behavior, from
frenzied periods of excitement, the catatonic schizophrenic may exhibit excessive and
sometimes violent behavior; during the periods of stupor, the catatonic schizophrenic may
remain mute and unresponsive to the environment.

A final type of schizophrenia is acute schizophrenia, which is characterized by a sudden

onset of schizophrenic symptoms such as confusion, excitement, emotionality, depression,
and irrational fear. The acute schizophrenic, unlike the simple schizophrenic, shows a
sudden onset of the disease rather than a slow progression from one stage of it to the other.
Additionally, the acute schizophrenic exhibits various types of schizophrenic behaviors
during different episodes, sometimes exhibiting the characteristics of hebephrenic,
catatonic, or even paranoid schizophrenia. In this type of schizophrenia, the patient’s
personality seems to have completely disintegrated.

31. The passage states that schizophrenia

A. is a single psychological disorder
B. always involves delusions
C. is a group of various psychological disorders
D. always develops early in life
32. The phrase “manifested in” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A. internalized within
B. demonstrated by
C. created in
D. maintained by
33. The word apathetic in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to
A. sentimental
B. logical
C. realistic
D. emotionless
34. The phrase “get along” in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by
A. mobilize
B. negotiate
C. manage
D. travel
35. The word “unwarranted” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to
A. inappropriate
B. uncontrolled
C. insensitive
D. underestimated
36. The author uses the word “While” in paragraph 5 in order to show that paranoid
schizophrenics
A. think in a way that is materially different from the way that they act
B. have strange delusions at the same time that they have unusual thought patterns
C. can think clearly in spite of their strange behavior
D. exhibit strange behaviors as they think unusual thoughts
37. It is implied in paragraph 5 that a paranoid schizophrenic would be most likely to
A. break into unexplained laughter
B. believe that he is a great leader
C. withdraw into a stuporous state
D. improve over time
38. The word “mute” in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to
A. asleep
B. quiet
C. deaf
D. frightened
39. The word “it” in paragraph 7 refers to
A. the disease
B. a slow progression
C. one stage
D. the other
40. It is NOT indicated in the passage that which of the following suffers from
delusions?
A. a hebephrenic schizophrenic
B. a paranoid schizophrenic
C. a catatonic schizophrenic
D. an acute schizophrenic