ENG 102: Academic English II Section _______

Scholarly Article Note-Taking Sheet

Student’s Name: _________________________ ID Number: ______________________

Introduction Gaps: previous researchers used less efficient tools to measure the role of repetitive negative thinking (RNT) as a
 Gaps in the literature mediator.
 Purpose / Research Purpose: main objectives are threefold: a) explore the existence of gender differences in sleep difficulties, perceived stress,
question / hypothesis repetitive negative thinking, cognitive emotion regulation strategies and negative affect; b) examine the associations between
these variables; c) test whether the effect of perceived stress on sleep difficulties occurs through repetitive negative thinking,
cognitive emotion regulation strategies and negative affect, when controlling for gender differences, if applicable.
Methodology Context: At the start of the first semester, participants in a cross sectional study were invited to be recruited from a
 Context number of higher education institutions in the Centre and North of Portugal.
 Participants Participants: The sample comprised 549 university students, of which 80.1% (n = 440) were females.
 Data collection Data: Questionnaire
method
Main findings Descriptive analyses and gender differences:
52.3% of the students said they had trouble sleeping. They sought to explore the relationships between perceived
1. Give titles stress, perseverative thinking, cognitive emotion regulation, negative affect, and sleep difficulties as well as the
2. Then paraphrase pathways by which stress affects sleep to better understand the mechanisms and factors at play.
the main findings According to descriptive analyses, there are some gender disparities in the complaints linked to sleep, with women
reporting greater sleep issues than men.
Titles / main ideas will Intercorrelations between variables:
help you trace common Sleep issues, perceived stress, negative affect, perseverative thinking, and some CER techniques, specifically
topics in the different rumination, self-blame, catastrophizing, and acceptance, were all associated in small to moderate forms. These
sources findings give support to the critical roles that cognitive emotion regulation techniques and repetitively negative
thinking play in sleep problems and psychological health.
Mediators in perceived stress and sleep difficulties association:
An intriguing finding was that persistent thought only mediated this relationship when it was connected to ruminating and/or
negative emotion.
Rumination is crucial for the emergence and maintenance of sleep problems.
Limitations of the inadequate internal consistency of the sleep problems index
current study cross sectional nature

Reference Entry Amaral, A.P., Bos, S.C., Macedo, A., Marques, M., Madeira, N., Pinto, A.M., Pereira, A.T., Roque, C., Soares, M.J.
(2018). Sleep Difficulties in College Students: The Role of Stress, Affect and Cognitive Processes. Psychiatry Research, 260, 331-
337, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.11.0