CHM256

TUTORIAL 1: INTRODUCTION: ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

1. Define the following term:

a. quantitative and qualitative analysis.
b. sampling

2. State any (6) essential steps involve in quantitative analysis in sequence.

3. State the difference between qualitative and quantitative analysis.

4. A student is required to carry out a mini project that involves quantitative analysis.
Name one example of a project title that involves quantitative chemical analysis.

5. For the following problems, determine whether its solution requires a qualitative
analysis, or quantitative analysis or both:

a. The local groundwater is contaminated by hazardous-waste disposal.

b. A more reliable method is needed by airport security for detecting the presence of
explosive materials in luggage.
c. A quick wayis needed to screen an athlete’s urine for the presence of performed-
enhancing drug.

6. A student performing a research project on analysis of heavy metal in canned food.

Point out an objective for the analysis in qualitative and quantitative, respectively.

7. A 250 mL stock solution of ethanol, C2H5OH has a density of 0.789 gmL-1 at 20°C.
Calculate the concentration of the solution in ppm and molarity (mol/L).

8. The concentration of an aqueous solution of Ca 3(PO4)2 is 0.020 M. Determine the

concentration of
a. Ca2+ in mol/L
b. PO43- in ppm (95.0 g/mol)

9. Calculate the concentration of Cr in ppm in 0.032 M K2Cr2O7

10. The density of methanoic acid, HCOOH is 1.22 g/mL. If 33.5 mL of methanoic acid
is dissolved in water to a volume of 250 mL, calculate the concentration of methanoic
acid in
a. % v/v
b. % w/v

11. A stock solution of HNO3 contains 370 g of HNO3 per liter of solution. The solution’s
density at 25°C is 1.19 gmL-1. Calculate the concentration of the solution in
a. % w/w
b. ppm
c. ppb
d. ppt

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12. A trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4) solution is commonly used as cleaning solution. The
recommended concentration is 1.7% w/v. Calculate the mass of solid Na 3PO4 needed
to make 2.0 L of the solution.

13. A standard solution is prepared by dissolving 0.1071 g of aspirin, C 9H8O4 (180.3

g/mol) in 95% alcohol to produce 1.0 L of solution. Calculate the concentration (w/w)
of aspirin solution (in ppm) if the density of the solution is 0.8136 g/mL.

14. Describe the preparation of 1000 mL of 0.1 M HCl from commercial HCl that is 37%
(w/w) and density of 1.18 g/mL.

15. A 250 mL solution containing 0.5259 g MgCl 2.2H2O (131.3 gmol-1) was prepared.
Enumerate the concentration of the solution in
a. parts per million (ppm)
b. Molarity
c. % (w/v)

16. Briefly explain how to prepare the following solutions:

a. 1.0 L 10.50 % (w/v) aqueous CH3CH2CH2OH

b. 500 mL 2.0 M H2SO4 from a commercial reagent, at 90% (w/w) purity and
specific gravity of 1.84.
c. 250 mL 50 ppm of AgNO3 from the solid chemical
d. 500 mL 6.5% (w/v) aqueous ethanol
e. 0.1 L 6.0 M H3PO4 from a commercial reagent, at 85% (w/w) purity and
specific gravity of 1.69
f. 400 mL 0.080 M of AgNO3 from the solid chemical
g. 500 mL 100 ppm Ag+ from pure reagent solid silver nitrate

17. The density of commercial concentrated HNO3 is 1.41 g/mL. The concentrated acid
contains 69% (w/w) of pure acid. Determine:

a. the quantity in gram of pure HNO3 in 1000 mL of the concentrated HNO3

b. the molarity of the commercial concentrated acid
c. the volume (in mL) of concentrated acid needed to prepare 500 mL of 2.50 M
HNO3 solution