DAV SR. SEC. PUBLIC SCHOOL NIGAHI, SINGRAULI (M.P.

)
SOLUTIONS-2023-24
A. Based on N, F, M, m, X, ppm, M & N of mixing-(N1V1=N2V2 ; N1V1+N2V2=N3(V1+V2) ; M1V1=M2V2
M1V1/n1=M2V2/n2 ; N=M x n Factor, m=XB/XA or = XB x 1000/XA x MA)
1.1.80g of glucose are dissolved in 30g of water. Calculate – a) m of solution b)XH2O & Xglucose
2.Calculate the molarity of pure H2O(d of H2O= 1gml-1).
3.Calculate the N of solution containing 31.5g of hydrated oxalic acid(C2H2O4.2H2O) in 1250ml of solution.
4.2.002g of KNO3are dissolved in 600ml of solution. Calculate the formality of the solution.
5.Commercially available sample of Sulphuric acid is 15% H2SO4 by weight(d=1.10gml-1). Calculate-
i)M ii)N iii)m
6.What is the mole fraction of solute in 2.5m aqueous solution?
7.One litre solution of N/2 HCl is heated in a beaker. It was observed that when the volume of solution is reduced to
600ml 3.25g of HCl is lost. Calculate the N of the new solution.
8.Mole fraction of H2O in H2SO4 is 0.85. Calculate the m of the soln.
9.Calculate the vol. of 80% H2SO4 by weight(d=1.8gml-1) required to prepare 1L of 0.2 M H2SO4.
10.Find molality of 0.5molar NaNO3 solution, if density of solution is 1.2g/ml.
11.Calculate the molality of aqueous solution of an unknown solute A2B,if the mole fraction of H2O in the solution is
0.60.
12.Calculate the molarity of 0.396m glucose solution assuming d of solution 1.16gml-1.
13.Find the resultant M&N of following mixture-
0.25M HCl (30ml)+0.2M H2SO4(50ml)+0.1M HNO3(20ml)
14.Calculate the molality of 2.5g ethanoic acid in 75g. of benzene.
15.Calculate the mass of NaOH required to prepare 50ml of N/10 NaOH solution.
17.Calculate the moles of Cl- ions present in 2 litres of 0.2M AlCl3.
20.Calculate the molarity of 30ml of 0.5M H2SO4 , diluted to 500ml.
24.Find the weight of H2SO4 in 1200ml of 0.2 N strength.
B. Based on Henry’s law, Raoults law, Relative lowering of V.P.-(Pg α Xg ; Pg = KH . Xg ; m = KH . P)
(eg. Of ideal sol –benzene+toluene, n-hexane+n-heptane,CCl4+SiCl4, C6H5Cl+C6H5Br, C2H5Cl+C2H5Br)
(eg. Of +ve dev. –ethanol+acetone, ethanol+water, acetone+CS2, CCl4+CHCl3, acetone+benzene)
(eg. Of –ve dev. – H2SO4+H2O, HNO3+H2O, H2O+HCl, CH3OH+CH3COOH, phenol+aniline)
(eg. Of Min. Boiling azeotrope-ethanol95%+water5% ; Max. Boiling azeotrope- HNO368%+32%H2O)
1.Presure of solution containing 6.56x10-2g of ethane is one bar. If the solution contains 5x10-2g of ethane, what will
be partial pressure of the gas?
2.H2S is a toxic gas with rotten egg smell, is used for qualitative analysis. If the solubility of H2S in H2O at STP is
0.195m, calculate Henry’s law constant.(at STP 0.987bar)
5.V.P. of H2O is 17.535mmHg. Calculate the V.P. of solution containing 25g of glucose dissolved in 450g of H2O.
8.Liquid A & B form an ideal solution at 30°C. at this temperature V.P. of A is 200mm and B is 50mm respectively.
Calculate the V.P. of solution at same temp if :-
a. Equal moles of A & B are added. b. Equal weights of A & B are added. c. 3 moles of A and 1 mole of B is added.
d. Equal molecules of A & B are added.(MA=40, MB=60)
9.Calculate the Vapour Pressure of 360ml M/9 glucose solution at 298K. (given, at 298kK v. p. of water 18mm and
Density of solution is 1.2g/ml)
10.The vapour pressure of water at 298 K is 17.54mm and v. p. of solution of 108.24g of compound in 1000g of
water at the same temperature is 17.354mm.Calculate the Mb.
11.At 298K the V.P. of water is 23.75mmHg. Calculate the V.P. 5% aqueous solution of urea at the same temperature.
12.V.P.of pure water at 298K is 23.88mmHg. if 50gm urea is dissolved in 850 g of water calculate the relative
lowering as well as V.P. of water.
C.ELEVATION OF B.P./EBULLIOSCOPIC:- (∆Tb = Kb x m , ∆Tb = iKb x m)
1.A solution containing 29g of non volatile solute in 250g of water boils at 373.52K. The B.P. of pure water is 373K.
Find the molecular mass of solute. (Kb=0.52KKg/mol)
2.When 54g glucose is dissolved in100g of water, it results in an elevation of the B.P. of water by 1.56K. How many
gram of another electrolyte of molar mass 90 is required to be added to 100g of water to elevate the b. P. by 1K?
3.Find the b. P. of solution containing 0.52g glucose dissolved in 80.2gm water. For water (Kb=0.52K/m)
D.BASED ON DEPRESSION OF FREEZING POINT/CRYOSCOPY:- (∆Tf = Kf x m , ∆Tf = iKf x m)
1.Two elements A&B form compounds having molecular formula AB2&AB4 when dissolved in 20g of benzene, 1.0g of
AB2 lowers the freezing point by 2.3°C whereas 1g AB4 lowers the freezing point by 1.3°C. Kf of benzene is 5.1K/m
then calculate the atomic mass of A&B.
3.A solution of an organic compound is prepared by dissolving 34.2g in 500g of water. Calculate the molar mass of
compound and freezing point of the solution, Kb is 0.52KKg/mol, Kf is 1.87KKg/mol& boiling point of solution is
100.1°C.
4.An aqueous solution contain 5% by mass of urea & 10% by mass of glucose. If Kf for water is 1.86Kkg/mol then
calculate the depression in freezing point.
6.Calculate the weight of ethylene glycol required to dissolved in 5kg of unknown solvent, so that it can reduce the
freezing point twice the molal depression point depression constant.
7.27.5g of a non electrolyte of molar mass 100g/mol is dissolved in 500g of water. What is the F.P. of this solution if
Kf of water is 1.86Kkg/mol and the freezing point of water is 0°C.
8.The F.P. of solution containing 0.2g of acetic acid in 20g of benzene is lowered by 0.45°C. Calculate the degree of
association of acetic acid in benzene. (Kf is 5.12Kkg/mol)
9.In a cold climate, water gets frozen causing damage to the radiator of a car. Ethylene glycol is used as an anti
freezing agent. Calculate the amount of ethylene glycol to be added to prevent it from freezing at -6°C. (Kf is
1.86Kkg/mol)
E. NUMERICALS BASED ON OSMOTIC PRESSURE:- (π = CRT, For isotonic soln π1 = π2 i.e. C1RT = C2RT or C1 = C2
or n1/v1 = n2/v2 )
1.A 2% sucrose solution is isotonic with 1.5% solution of an unknown substance calculate the molecular mass of the
unknown substance.
2.A 5% solution of cane sugar is isotonic with a 0.877% solution of a substance X. find the molar mass of X at 300K.
3.Calculate the osmotic pressure of solution made by mixing 36g glucose and17.1g sucrose in 250ml water at 47°C.
4.The osmotic pressure of 0.374g naphthalene in 100cc of benzene is 510mm Hg at 7°C. Calculate the value of molar
gas constant.
5.An aqueous solution of urea has an osmotic pressure of 905 mm of Hg at 17°C. Then Calculate the :
a) molarity of solution. b) How many grams of urea were dissolved per litre of the solution?
6.0.85% aqueous solution of NaNO3 is apparently 90% dissociated at 27°C. Calculate osmotic pressure.
F. van’t Hoff Factor “i” :-(i = Mnormal/Mabnormal or Mobserved/Mcalculated ; For dissociation like AB type electrolytes
i = 1+α/1 & for AB2 type i = 1+2α/1 For association i = (1+α)+α/n)/1
1.An electrolyte A2B dissociate in aqueous solution according to the following reaction
A2B ---------> 2A+ + B2-
0.5% (by wt.) aqueous solution of A2B was found to freeze at -0.24°C.Calculate the degree of dissociation of
electrolyte. Given that atomic weight of A and B is 13 and 14.4 respectively.
3.A 2m solution of NaCl in water causes an elevation in B.P. of water by 1.88K what is the value of the Van’t Hoff
factor “i” ? What does it suggest. (Kb is 0.52Kkg/mol)
4.Calculate the amount of NaCl that must be added to 100g of water, so that F.P. of water depressed by 2K. (Kf 1.86
Kkg/mol. i=2)
5.Calculate the van’t Hoff factor for a certain electrolyte AB at a concentration where it is 10% ionised.
6.Calculate the amount of NaCl which must be added to 1kg of water, so that F.P. is depressed by 3K. ( Kf is
1.86Kkg/mol)
7.19.5g monofluoroacetic acid is dissolved in 500g of water. Depression in freezing point observed is 1°C, Calculate i
and Ka of acid. (Kf is 1.86Kkg/mol)
8.Determine the amount of calcium chloride dissolved in 2.5L of water such that its osmotic pressure is 0.75atm at
27°C. ( i is 2.47.)
G. THEORY PORTION:-
1.Define followings-
i) Solution ii)Mole fraction iii)Mass fraction iv)Molarity v)molality vi)Normality
vii)Formality viii)Solubility ix)Henry’s law x)Raoult’s law xi)Vapour pressure
xii)Ideal solution xiii)Non ideal solution xiv)Azeotropes xv) Low and High boiling azeotropes
xvi)Colligative prope xvii)Molal elevation constant xviii)molal depression constant
xix)Osmosis xx)Osmotic pressure xxi)Isotonic solution xxii)Hypertonic and Hypotonic solution
xxiii)Abnormal molar mass xxiv)Van’t Hoff factor xxv)Antifreeze
2.Which among two m & M is temperature dependent and why.
3.State Raoult’s law for a non volatile solute in a volatile solvent.
4.Under what conditions do solutions behave like ideal solutions.
5.Why is Vapour pressure of solvent lowered in presence of non volatile solute.
6.Which aqueous solution has higher boiling point 0.5m NaCl or 0.5m CaCl2.
7.On mixing one mole of NaCl causes depressing in the F.P. of one kg of water , which is nearly twice that caused by
one mole of sugar, explain giving reason.
8.Why NaCl solution freezes at lower temperature than water but boils at higher temperature than water.
9.Define transition temperature in solubility of solid in a liquid.
10.What is de-icing agent, how it work.
11.Which aqueous solution has high concentration 1M or 1m solution of the same solute, give reason.
12.Cutting onion taken from fridge is more comfortable than cutting onions lying at room temperature , explain
why.
13.Why does the use of pressure cooker reduce cooking time.
14.What role does the molecular interaction play in solution of alcohol and water.
15.What do you expect to happen when RBC’S are placed in i)1%NaCl ii)0.5%NaCl
16.What type of liquids form ideal solution.
17.State the conditions resulting reverse osmosis.
18.What is expected value of van’t Hoff factor for K3[Fe(CN)6] in dilute solutions.
19.Why do calculations based on colligative property some times give abnormal molecular weight .
20.State Raoult’S law for solutions of volatile liquids & show graphically ideality as well as +ve and –ve deviations.
H.ASSERTION TYPE QUESTIONS.
1.(A)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct statements, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion(A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct statements, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(C)Assertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is wrong statement.
(D)Assertion (A) is wrong, but Reason (R) is correct statement.
(i) Assertion (A) : molality of solution in liquid state changes with temperature.
Reason (R) : The volume of solution changes with temperature.
(ii) Assertion(A) : Solubility of NH3 in water is more than that of N2.
Reason (R) : Ammonia forms intermolecular H-bonding with water.
(iii)Assertion(A) : Elevation in boliling point of 1m FeCl3 is twice in comparison of 1m NaCl.
Reason (R) : FeCl3 has greater molar mass.
(iv)Assertion(A) : C2H5OH and H2O form maximum boiling azeotrope.
Reason (R) : Solvent-Solute interaction is stronger than solvent-solvent.
(v) Assertion(A) : Cooking time is reduced in pressure cookers.
Reason (R) : Boiling point inside the pressure cooker is raised .
(vi) Assertion(A): 0.1m solution of glucose has higher increment in freezing point than 0.1m urea.
Reason (R) : Kf of both has same values.
BOARD QUESTIONS
1.State Henry’s law. Calculate the solubility of CO2 in water at 298 K under 760 mm Hg.
(KH for CO2 in water at 298K is 1.25 x 106 mm Hg) [AISSCE-2020,SET-I, Q.-27]
2.The freezing point of a solution containing 5g of benzoic acid (M=122gmol-1) in 35 g of benzene is depressed by
2.94K. What is the percentage association of benzoic acid if it forms a dimer in solution. (Kf for benzene =4.9K kg
mol-1) [AISSCE-2020,SET-I, Q.-28]
3.What happens when
(i)a pressure greater than osmotic pressure is applied on the solution side separated from solvent by a semi
permeable membrane ? ii)Acetone is added to pure ethanol ? [AISSCE-2020,SET-I, Q.-21]
4.A compound undergoes complete tetramerisation in a given organic solvent. The van’t Hoff factor i is............(2023)
5.What type of deviation from Roult’s law is shown by a mixture of ethanol and acetone? Give reason. (2023)
6.Define Azeotropes. What type of azeotrope is formed by negative deviation from Roult’s law? Give reason.(2023)
ANSWERS
SECTION A :-
1.a) 0.33m b)nwater=1.66, ng=0.01….. 2. 55.5m 3. 0.4N 4. 0.033F 5. 1.68M ,1.68x2N, 1.8m
6. 0.043 7. 0.685N 8. 9.8m 9. 14.7m , 13.6ml
10. 0.433m 11. 37m 12. 0.429M 13. 0.195M, 0.295N
14. 0.556m 15. 0.2g 17. 1.2mol 18. moles=0.4, millimoles=400
20. 0.03 21. 2.45x10-8mol/l 24.11.76g
SECTION B :-
1. 0.762bar 2. 282 bar 5.17.44
8. a-125mm, b-140mm, c-162.5mm, d- 125mm 9.17.97mm
10 .183.7g/mol 11. 23.375mm 12.23.45mm
13. 10g 15. 12.08kpa
SECTION C :-
1. 116g/mol 2. 17.28g 3. 373.0187K
SECTION D :-
1. A=25.58u, B=42.64u 3. -0.374°C 4. -3.04°C
6. 620g 7. 272K 8. 94.6%
9.200g
SECTION E :-
1. 256.5g 2. 60g/mol 3. 26.3atm
4. 0.0821latmK-1/mol 5. a. 0.05M b. 3g urea/l 6. 4.67atm
SECTION F: -
1. i=1.92, α = 46% 3. i=2 4. 3.14g
5. i=1.1 6. 0.808x58.5g 7. 3.07x10-3 8. 3.42g
SECTION H :-
1. (i) D (ii) A (iii) B (iv) C (v) A (vi) D