PAGE NO.

Eco 512

Umt L
e c O m o m i c s

hualthca

9mpotamre
pOp!,

to
a i m i a l u a l

a
Q|ualhs Importat

Sadhky Healh Coe us oni AvaiLobiLi.

A
sill hialth.
Nmudma aDad docnpat
u a m d o t e m m u ntha Lallty

haathtoa
SwwiwOal
PAJLLAA umunL &stimo
atc
tconOmic dmalyis
mÞDrtamt
aMalyiiomg
umtlictuol fammilOk
Soluhn
dn htalta sa amd for jdimiym
LLndmiss_idA
O0mem Hnblems LLalth
LIFE
motu UA dsah wiDES A

Hiah ca chey oaLnnyA agtAa

maocnppimt shimoing- Wmetonimt amd

employmLmt

Wuuolly
u- bjimg A0untuyQmd ts dbums.

sonb abDut how_ halh uanL_is

humded, pOUIdd
omd distuibutd
o
Lpnnie JbncngluumlLnsld hs h u
maHArniont _3 eAnomi
Comstuoimt (oba
matimol dccalpoliey
uspandisn health LLA
iniimol Lma mormad b
amd mihods Ocmakyuis. sanmits iell0
atcn yCUL do mot
oun omalyutyoue, drntindultimctl topAact _

dkat to b asle to
maas
mgngjm
n- pey
Qmimfunid-wuie
 DATE I
PAGE NO.:

Lah econmucs
AthaoppLicoti0m CLermuLhLOYY sdhl ocad
mucolJuchmiqusto dhu LAmalys clcian maltima
hiLhlshuaUh_coi .cp out uih Lypst to
hualth hialhco It

hut útalsaompüAib abady hLOYoltAtlotud shLl

4Jdtama ha bihawiCw a 20tiimta,do.cto.rs holeitl t

omd amalytucaltachmuaLsotlohtd do fadat up

kallocati.mcdLtismaun hialth soua
HuchLdnnmiy hose6lrduntoD highls ihadodisad
elddLaLuiamg emHuLottd ciaplmus msdudimq
thieltcmuoogy totstich pAysh.ology S0u0lngyopaHakiLros
AALLah_mathimatics mm i athusach. 1 ma4 alLo
b audid

hntthe ds apnlld ohuathuhich A ualy LaLkdlid

hialth_sHLA ALavhh

Lmbeumdid.

Eonemie.
t h a tQL scak_latus ha Sauiitys gants fer him

lLhoLUZLs thot L ALdtA HOdc huaLth_ca

matiab ax imitt LeCLtY-tamOnly_olewotr mo-

aydLutHNG thim yom ethL A

huohca
 ae
JconOLA_ho
Oul d
h a u r

Lo
u U
t_whd:
ha asiLme Lomatiuoiomty
h c a l l h

lorc Of_Camatua
- a m h immt

Scautys k k n a u n C
no
NO_hiallhia Y S T i m , A M Yu U h N u
i h
abiuty kupauy aSpimimg Suiamt to
âu4e

o htalth_LAM
C a n i u m u L .
durds
a c h i n e d

wamÍ
hod
wrldh o u t _ c i o m t s

all _whotquamty
Lt s h a t YUaMEL
mod
akout
C h o l s m u u t
he
tuhtrd
ud_ds
út_an
how E
pyskr
adnilasle-lmimdllssLuply
oho
HLaltheaue M _ set
eahoos
ha
mol hscNtie
hialtthcauue
h i mou LOLLALud
ols must hi
Stomutnimg urlsangAhuL
huma lonak
h:e vsso impo to
oliicLnlt {_comtimbous
t h o i c L a e pouheulady

OppCrumity tOst H a usphcrhimih 0iE camm

uice s th himitA koogasfmom khot sam

pLLs moteumg LdimthiH x but
altuamatiie.
Each achon tatim bypatium, hialh_ co
puoviolus
DLt Laith Lptt o ths A health caHL
umAuDlies the doLi thu hdm{itsthat LwOLLld-
hoawe aUn Em0yed by
gthu alwamatLNE
h o wn Ud UA
puDuidls that coau
1 hunlYn
cndihon hern
Posihve onurmuc QLeLUN
IStaut. o ulahonship
unllh Co rtlohon)
 DATE

PAGENO.
Pecduwhom Lah Haalths
uoducbon haalth mpyovermacot Jo hscth.
Jucham hualHh caR puOdu chon4hualhau
Consumu eauproosk.
G hiolth hanlhso
podtiarnt
40duc hLalh doormwsA, hoipital stolA t
CAgemts whichhup umhukalh
euod
ioplovmLnt)
hLalhca onmpams ,taumies, lobour
whuh-puodushulthtouuq
Alocatine fhuiemcy latsdwita brharnu)
EhuLmy-
hialh sLeor ollocabon s eiLmt thsmh
wLauL GSOAt4 moKiOi uiu veuia
alh buudput us omtad to thiu should as puepL
allocabn

mar ha wRa odits

tuibuhom Hialth feuellitis

Hu we talc_ alout pulmuple R0uitPoor ich cn

SotLh pUit dLkue mOne faullhes as Cmbaud
MiAh

unduchbmchon Poulbility lw CPP)PPE 1opportune

Cost e -

liALLmt_Cornbimahm-
Ldmmg UHAe uhich shouw
20diuchon 2
AOLLLOD am thu
LOmpltly uimgglo labl
m_combmaha
AOMUSOmAy d commuodituy
full ernplo ymemt wla;le
 PAGE NO. .

Haua
Amtpoins

dlC m b i m a h o m i - q _
d At
lys

QLpLodliLead
Y
that

f a l l y e m p l o y e d .

Smala
PICis u l a t L d to_Lulhole.

PLcdLL u t h o s l a b c a u L i t
U
oint E mat

hllyLimgthe doLLca-
ully- most Efhvtnt -
Pfe
mitmy = F

EeLLahom PPG

C fl, y)_
_awhe C CosE at hulu_esoploymmt
Lusl _cost Lill he sam at ecch eu ott _
Pec_heLaL ad all hu _pola HhhL 4Ptll embloym
AG =O
= TC t TCy 0
we mt to Jhe puoduuchom K we hae o tL
podLchn le ll_umoneth tacbrs
a
phoduth
Zuull uthlm to Pd X)

Hu TCx uill h is t
ATCy
DC : mc AX +M Cy A 7 D
 DATE
PAGP NO

Slopeq PPc
mcx AK
Slope = MRTxy

dowamwoMd alopicng
M Cx
MCY
hiAd
,Y
AX

4 the puoduch
L e hat t hs puoduuthin4
Charn
p03i diucon

14Slotke
lumitJhim houe o h od thun 1k
2unk
MRI maneinal Rot ms fo mah m
LU move_dauwen0ud alomq PG theo t Slepa
PP C
mCx Ond mCy v
mCX T

3 TuL 04 PP c

naJm $tor
ORia Com COue, cOJ molidi t

Not 1Cch al beuuasin ost imdus ty= Comut.

Oultpt1 > Cot

slone diouans L mou doum iod

3NCt pnochod Comlamt ct industy Straclv Le .

Slope ds cOmrtamt
dom cA .
 MOE
20KLLL

amnp
0nturtuadid,t_u
2ankrt lmpiumis

canetbbepuwchassddluictyLnstaa
antA

c o n m e t
b ad, w tocu
dualh
L A-Loduchan
n h e comi h u a l t h a s h l Czy
This
BiE
htalthu

*tbydmdiuctlspchnalnghialthJmpOtm. athCa
dimamd
haash_.
Such Qs_haa
inplL_enpuss_thu Suuh
a

ponab
htalth
punchas
JenAlolue

HLalth coLLthuuu hOA

th dLomamdfor hialth h salh
- hiaLIh.
hialacauto
umnp
Consuma h_ConiLLmL
SommLAcni
acd diieby-
ndnds_wamt hackudup4- h i uilwmgmaA
uilimgneA

CLlty e pay hrr it-

Ned miaidity-

Hialth tau Aalt wamt diomamd, but EJAa

mitd

Lunoduchbon hualth_ hialth taL

PuAduhon fuothn latinship blu thi JmRLt b2

0thout
ndiuchuepLo.uA amd Hh uthub-
wneliuale ALLLA SLch O s
AAnul, cnjuihonunt buildicmgs MuN
cUw matuuials
Matials
gAneoqLality
Hoduehon p:L9ceAJ Loktm
on which gat.clio OSa
HIAaLLA disoanhlLc
daphLoL unmd ut
uhl-
 DATE

PAGE NO

ThuueO om nidiatun9 focmto el thu

outuiSLch
iancucdk HhuH ad
Condihns
ediahong fadogs

mpus
LuouuLc
This andd JsNalLLohlaicouA ittOuAbe sdt
amalysi amyL Lu m h Saurcne trorrnwork

putpLstsdmdik_waysomdlolc at dibh apads

Uud

SOLm anLLLmt_ LDolamg athu úmokart 0 0kt

eAlitent haus uge Seoaul lhstpitals

Hop ing t h i mpaut m Cutpust 1s4hami
Loo at pluduedni, 1 E dA
kra niu1ata_ hnspstal, hcemuh O s t

hcitalgcuidas Ky dacluinng at Jhoo diuunt

Combimahons oumputssam edussdhe Sam
J douthut, we CamamalyitSkstetuhem
blo ig44Lnt eDw s it m e L e A L L m t b r
munA o_HLplccL_dotos úmL uneluttakimg
Mtaim toslcs
 DATE
PAGE NO.

um huolh
hongutswhat

idimg
uohat topwduodue ho
Gconomic
pobum
poduui_
Lhome
pModuc for

cnate d n t i o u m b o , hos
m dhe abstmce govt duisl
topHoduuce2how
lop0dur
how mtuch

LLobt mobve Comsumns dLdo l

LSulddhy th
hew much t o puutho 8 manLuhuus puse
upuelud by thun BumNiu & tht untuu
t
Simplltonmic mnolulsgSAhly iomond
phacit how bomab loonsuoms thae umuth

hialh_cok

nand Suppls iposLusborm

S

:0tobal dumamd h
iposiom would ha 07
Makat us At e9LulbTmie
at poiat E olh DP
At OP pcecz
Peopl uill h put thu
lmt Dummd (Unmut dunad) lhe Silrhon h l l u XJ
dimmt u0amb-
maPLiwate maukut Such 0 this not LANUY-
Lwhe uamta tokmutic &wngy Usecelves ut,-luope
whe otourn buch svulicsaa thosi who Q
both ullling md sabla to poy tothem
 DATE

PAGEN0.

Ruc J t h ltiLuaabonAlurl 1 Umotn+

twamts and vi MLAa
demamd mians Ruc T O X . (bar
miamsbLotzla a u indy ho pay nigh uue

fox fochlityP. aal 4Sut4lg P s xJ 1

) Goetamt

sout asdatauwho may puouiola Su what.

pLOUlelALCOmckauÇL 1 _uwhat oblts thuy
OoUHn huy Shaidisshtaltn ca Uthtu poubally
fuyPumdiaNia ious stypes taxes
Eectid dsomamd u sthuau hishu tnam t would
b atilnts hodt pay GovtLamcnctcocntrol
domamd but_samComto Spply Tha upply w
MA tinl, boLauAR t ds6aeddau uo xed
eout esOLNLs
bomamd1thaSamaL

pouisdso but at high

(met ound mmit

dumamo.

thu mouut - fo hialth ua speual

Kammith J, ALoLOtold that thuu di blw

hialthaMe and Omy othu ComsLltsgo0.d
AngumaAnts upiaim byhum a
U)_|Ha ntsddhot Jhu umipal ahaactustic o
midieas s cAncitaumtyomd thatthu
 PAGE NO.

midicalcOU
tconomic pLoblemb o m hn
sclal hexiskumt,
Ldolaptahont
explaimad LOs
UancutoumtyLoMiusum 2
umcuutoimty ull
whim e
rst
uu,
d o

o what
mot

htath cos
Cmow
we uill uqmbu hama
him
whuusas
hidinarmd for
r n0st
a t what ost.
s uçiloo ond dictoL
8oo for eg foool
hlaltheLA tamdomly omoui3 Lnisq
am b Suw
hoto
condly thu Aumcuntoulmityottbout
omy
Suxn stod o L huolh:_ulLUOmd o hindu
th
RecoveySom a
iLas us0umttun
uto
a s its imtidkmes

ulatiLmds do o t hahawe iamt n 4 cAur

Thy ommet tet thu pioduit hegOiLLmAummgit

th
Ymdudthy otim hae ikiualtyGruLgimg

Consumuu ohualh ka ind i t dykLlt to

shopLoumdte guk thu bat dtal
Tt usdiiul_foA potilatat e o5taim imoumatiem
abo what madirol sa opp10picte fo thu
cemditlon - madieal koneuulud ComplY, Cmdumi

Patsmto n e u uembrduably dham dellA amd-

plo tuut in th pHsLel LCae
mtndapimdkmius_blw Cmumus:_ochons
ThuO
hshanicuu me CmAwmi
Th huolth ae Seuimg
feu eg nAnaing
m u afut t h OAntaos 94 h u s ,
sus h uk e h e t d
Ogadm4t am um tious Las Lal

boomumG
 DATE
PAGE NO.

tthib indudepumdmuyxktnds te jLoh cq ulco

heutth hLallh_ Ohuu

DoctosDo AlotKahaweumhJama Lay as hrms

Th emduy umde this indusiuy I i c t e d bumd'hal

Jirimsiong egulatioms
Asln aimg-omd t CSmpattLm aL NiAtuolu alumi.
dn midiral mauut,

Adi gtco by phsiciams SLppoiLd te ha m l t l

NGAd brom SY:imtoat TLadmimt iA at
lLst elaiomudl te ke,dictat1ol byliniol mud,
mat bytha fmamual mtit tha u i a l n

PaAeviolHL uuthgeas ethutham ptaLlt_onaXimisabom

derenmodtsLLANsicn ue{t moximisablom s um lud4
to h th Sslamoahion pMouiclus Socins Z
vthicastashrsau ilaly to ha asumpotoat don
eltuncnaningthu hahawisu
Aechous
pLe high fes ho high lmua ALAhla le t
piopl uith louo inLmipiojlimdudimg smmea
o_shaugieng me us n_nypOt

EuinCpalt lyonwlh 1 Hialh tau

HAlhoa sdiuctlyslatid h mmie uth 4poduchen

ohialth equpmnin- uka hilhzau nias

hsalth Laishnaaahhiathy lohau amd hims intuay

PMDduchuih.
 DATE

PAGE NOD.

UNJT2

matkts, hauea lu
muwada.
n m0wrng
huolhcouta
JhLdutnonirnamb drrnand tor hi,
iendeu
u

Odd Sowis So hat huytormfooeosE u

tb chanmgs um puns LnunuiiCauAecar
id
satonsLQunL.mAserhuDI MOtcrAA tdeoh
Suytlens imfo om popualabin potunt demundsnabi,
poliay maluu hu pa.dict htalth Caua us4 e

modli Atnatnd thttouh asus Such achangu

Sub l i s tmut hialh-polleytasuuh

COnsumuchoncahtoy-
Amamo omtut4 odo hOt
CnumiNSAoL hAln
cuilling Obltobuy
Comumu4 duoiu bassd ni uhLit

Mouagima ulity90 odksaddlilhonalutlit

obtaimud m nLAnt At

ConsumiwasL dabmoal hol bahewio sCeasistu

Julh thus aimb lto maz Luellbuio)
P m stowd ba, biamsibve if bupdlL a is
beHw han
mo b b iscluhe han hum ais
also htte thanc
Comsumus O.ams
usEbu ntn-Sbosu_bmiual
Comslionph' or mianas_ImeTta lhihy
 T-C. S l a s u s a l - L o n bicnahuny1A2 utuls
a SdhiEhhCm CCoAurw

MESyEmU
mUy

2 Cudpetomuiainta A_maxiMm1Jabtn

4Stn Folu
Py
mUy P
A
mUy
or
MU
P

Demamd him

tumieaaons 14oLonapad

apd huehcn

D= O,2N P s L S )
miomi Nmm-
P uu_o_Conuumth
Laluiu

State oal htalth

 DATE I
PAGE NO.

i emLomsolasbih oolLmacac

Elastit mLakwA t h e uso

Ha ome Nalablu
Ldimamd 04 CLptply)toth homg
Omo Hn naLLoble poi 0 lm imal)- i

tmuelasbihy doad -us cniagachomp

quamtiby_cdemAm.oo
Nicled by puatapa thomg um A
nu laiYeaie f o o 300to 250 S diomand d

SO 2 Z
hamaL Im umamd u-sD X2D6= -10'/1--
PD
25/

none elcuAtlltyAL demamd

iARLntoge uchama
im quMmltsolimarn
dividsd by eLcAataço chcmpe s Lmomo

9
Engel Cue w alsouLud to olco
alasticty
D O
O<Te D <I AaAsity_
Te D L uxu

Acuording o KAND_CoorhoOLh'oms HLfaltl munaonc

Expaumint inswnonLzlo S800SA au
SA A Th Sluudy Comluokce trat OnHall
 DATE
PAGE NO.

he pe elastiit demamdtor nuarel

unMAO:12 het dumomd clous
Lca
uAPCnd
pic.butiánot
th'usdouy lash
Coumusallyuh s elautiuby dmond ss
e hialths o u
blw O1l o O

Moclallimg Choiu Abeut Haallh

qiwm by u L n o m m 1&-Sos q7o4mam

Atpsusoh Bscka thg umao Copital).

matnmu
Imurnind
uemamamaol_ dkincbm blw_ hialth oi am

Oultpt-a humdaminotal Commwdit_Lwbich iaa

AinLt o uh pAOOuehlm hialth

UmaX

ConAtun

(On Umhhas
 DATE I1
PAGE NO.

amel for taolh

rn 0udi4to Lenta
Budut ConitrauntshouA amG-
Umeduulamd hu
apuMmhbny lmum
Sheulngall the shouwcomiurnwistholus
ina.
pumy hy
Comhmah'ons ueUd to_orcu TrDpa
tht_Lorbilahos
htalh dimhuk sus ing ha trsucrphen on thu
hualth tosum how
R mad/cal caL
huallh tou Isais
2..

(m) amcl oHu pbon hat l d

mphlon O) u comiLmiu_am tuumud dmko qpadMorot

co
hori
eaual amoLumt
aimrvemtak_imha
nto
ubwky-
thud alumuat
uwhich us a
pHoduchm hurchn
Shotng
ecuh loel
hrath laputs,th
amaLoat q hialhhl
nich Is pkaduud.

AU ombiahs huolh 3 cmitimtbn on Hu bwsben

a eaAiable for th_consummui o choo,biut ututs
ll h moxmiLLd at Dmax i h t h u tnilmeu

cheosimg Hhsalth amd O "oniumphom Thu lupgt

that ConsLLmA UAL4 Hhiniu don mL lTD hcaaiu
M mudital cou

whua M hualth
humamimtoel commodths
HSt HS _dt tIE
whuu ASEEHLalth swde t
HS ualh
a
pamblulou brnu.
Stod in nuwous huwbal
 DATE

PAGE NO.

dt uprciob'omimualthtocle
de mwes hrmtt Jm lualth
Undttoulcm

(Me Tut, 2
I
Prooluhoa O s makt goods,
midlko coL M) amd allohu1 nouslut oocds X)
sLctidy 3 biomu s h u n t l h u m jttduthcon a

heallh AE) H umuodudmg Othunpowdt To).

Thu thixd unaput us humaum Lapltal CEt) Lwhuth

O o( Xe, To Et)

T TA t THo t l w t l

ud'col couL M =9/emb y

whu Pm pLu d eal
Pr Ruis ot umme dh Tw hma coouna
m X mdial opods. , =wa

A kquilbium ndibm yMaupima himyts 4

huolthcapital Maugima co1t
Maugicnol hicaut _conis 2 pas latedl to
kmjogomimt_4 hialh broo unmesmamt MBa
Omd H OHu Hlates D momutuy msmant
huuons (M3 m)
rorte

MBme a MB4+ X WE
MBHE2_mefHEX 1 t )MU HE
MU wt

mouqimal yodutE
whuu MPHE

Th conumph'm hemita MPH ultijpuol hy u .

 DATE

PAGE NO.

itumph'o
Valu ahiodt1 dauy um
ol
udialoumtid_Maho n
s maiwcudby th
m UH)bo ha
Heitity healthydat moLHino
Bbnameubl uealths mUuw)
mU) amd H.
uELey
fachoc_thrt emiuus hat momey aot.
mot_disceumted.

mBH+mBm mcI L ( - eme2- + d , 1

ewhu OpporhAmihg cost

maynol Lost
lneament

maugimal £fhimy Caplkel mE)9 dttu motnt

nusmims
Cot

Caprrt A th e l q hsalth
kocle loncKLaNs úE
mEC

mEC, d4LAulk_oSamtua
Health S/oc.
hialth b tnstsh

lmueshoniont ASubjtce_lan direlnislalg uhuuns Comp

shop a4 MEC c e Forej; t h p u has u .
uLwe MECo atkan euuilibum at Co utth hual
t o ce Hso donthe next bme fiuuioo huy haus o
hiçhces cost C buLas jesLniahon aood hhiuugon
a Duu malk Shle

Astinptcns
aMums that cemsumuus haue piujact_ure pYictF g
abeut thuu hualth, h at dtprdatien_R hu NiAL
 Lmd tha etat o4Nauus hualth
On thuu hiabh

Takem t exbummi, i t sugds that

uplu1Iuk uwlf r1up
amd a|iomal dcisLens aboud dhu ulnis. M, Jah
MeedNeed warnt barraarmd

Copacityt» Remutit

E AsAy mmst4 Lmjanmahim Z donapauuut apernu

Atymmutny mjonahom

Umcotaimiky

Unmut damand
|mfommahon is am P
eomomlcood D

COorth wnle ie hamk

a t o t u ham Wit D
PrinipolAgamt lroblum &uorh

Pinuihal Aaimt
LPbemt) Dothor 1SSsito S
N

Hlps he_patint um malu

dau'siom about what hualh ta a 71
Puchan
P2
( m gh h miultohtn, tuorure r
wohrne for du. ele)
Peseck Agem
Sutpilu4 nduud Dimamd CSiD) CEvams 1974)

PhysiuanProuidu mou ud Dumamd

MeyuiL 20001
 DATE
PAGE NO.

S1D ?
No CRa1st
ro mrka umdimomd ham Oláo Pice
ca allL
uanhh
a i G2(explaimed i a imduumimt Gtetcnsish
with- S2 D3 utLsLchon Cmsis'tad
UmeLa im Suply camJuad te
lducbne h
CosE

to
sLOLaimg walb
a_ docto tncuuellimg oMe SAuGIny lompto
dm Hu Lasaacts=_lhnpth y
t moy he
eoch_corsulkabom etc.
aufacto ldttuumimams U_oimaoaod
whth shipt the olimond
uwv xom w Da
LuoLHhu ham lmduumet.
Hmueouu úm olimoond o Du
emommSt
9mtw q at y Pic
(fUCHS 1928)

Aggigats tomamdFo Hualhcau

Shudy_ 168Loumbrlsin
HOR 2o03 duulned brooom NdP
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