ANSWERS 439

ANSWERS
EXERCISE 7.1

1 1 1 2x
1. − cos 2 x 2. sin 3x 3. e
2 3 2
1 1 4 4 3x
4. ( ax + b)3 5. − cos 2 x − e 3 x 6. e + x+C
3a 2 3 3
x3 ax 3 bx 2 2 3 x
7. − x+C 8. + + cx + C 9. x +e +C
3 3 2 3

x2 x2 4
10. + log x − 2 x + C 11. + 5x + + C
2 2 x
7 3
2 2 x3
12. x + 2 x2 + 8 x + C 13. + x+C
7 3
3 5 7 5 3
2 2 2 2 6 2 4 2
14. x − x +C 15. x + x + 2x 2 + C
3 5 7 5
3
2 3 10
16. x − 3sin x + e + C
2 x
17. x + 3cos x + x 2 + C
3 3
18. tan x + sec x + C 19. tan x – x + C
20. 2 tan x – 3 sec x + C 21. C
22. A

EXERCISE 7.2

1
1. log (1 + x2) + C 2. (log| x |)3 + C 3. log 1+ log x + C
3
1
4. cos (cos x) + C 5. − cos 2(ax + b) + C
4a
3 5 3
2 2 4
6. (ax + b) 2 + C 7. ( x + 2) 2 − ( x + 2) 2 + C
3a 5 3

Rationalised 2023-24
440 MATHEMATICS

3 3
1 4 2
8. (1+ 2 x 2 ) 2 + C 9. ( x + x + 1) 2 + C 10. 2log x −1 +C
6 3
2
11. x + 4( x − 8) + C
3
7 4 1
1 3 1 − +C
12. ( x − 1) 3 + ( x 3 −1) 3 + C 13.
7 4 18(2 + 3 x3 )2

(log x )1− m 1 1 2 x+3

14. +C 15. − log | 9 − 4x 2 | + C 16. e +C
1− m 8 2

1
17. − 2 +C 18. e tan
−1
x
+C 19. log (e x + e − x ) +C
2ex

1 1
20. log (e 2 x + e −2 x ) + C 21. tan (2 x − 3) − x + C
2 2

1 1
22. − tan (7 − 4 x) + C 23. (sin −1 x )2 + C
4 2

1 1
24. log 2sin x + 3cos x + C 25. +C
2 (1 − tan x)
3
1
26. 2sin x + C 27. (sin 2 x) 2 + C 28. 2 1+sin x + C
3

1 1
29. (logsin x) 2 + C 30. – log 1+ cos x + C 31. +C
2 1+ cos x

x 1 x 1
32. − log cos x + sin x + C 33. − log cos x − sin x + C
2 2 2 2
1 1
34. 2 tan x + C 35. (1+ log x )3 + C 36. ( x + log x)3 + C
3 3
1
37. − cos (tan −1 x 4 ) + C 38. D
4
39. B

Rationalised 2023-24
 ANSWERS 441

EXERCISE 7.3

x 1 1 1
1. − sin (4 x + 10) + C 2. − cos 7 x + cos x + C
2 8 14 2
1 1 1 1 
3. sin 12 x + x + sin 8 x + sin 4 x  + C
4  12 8 4 
1 1 1 1
4. − cos (2 x + 1) + cos3 (2 x + 1) + C 5. cos 6 x − cos 4 x + C
2 6 6 4
1 1 1 1 
6.  cos 6 x − cos 4 x − cos 2 x  + C
4 6 4 2 
1 1 1  x
7.  sin 4 x − sin 12 x  + C 8. 2 tan − x + C
2 4 12  2
x 3x 1 1
9. x − tan + C 10. − sin 2 x + sin 4 x + C
2 8 4 32
3x 1 1
11. + sin 4 x + sin 8 x + C 12. x – sin x + C
8 8 64
1
13. 2 (sinx + x cosα) + C 14. − +C
cos x +sin x

1 3 1 1 3
15. sec 2 x − sec 2 x + C 16. tan x − tan x + x + C
6 2 3
17. sec x – cosec x + C 18. tan x + C
1 2
19. log tan x + tan x + C 20. log cos x + sin x + C
2

π x x2 1 cos ( x − a )
21. − +C 22. log +C
2 2 sin (a − b) cos ( x − b)
23. A 24. B

EXERCISE 7.4
1
1. tan −1 x 3 + C 2. log 2 x + 1 + 4 x 2 + C
2

Rationalised 2023-24
442 MATHEMATICS

1 1 –1 5 x
3. log +C 4. sin +C
2 − x + x − 4x + 5
2
5 3

3 −1 1 1 + x3
5. tan 2 x +C
2
6. log +C
2 2 6 1 − x3

1
7. x 2 − 1 − log x + x 2 − 1 + C 8. log x3 + x 6 + a6 + C
3

9. log tan x + tan x + 4 + C 10. log x + 1+ x + 2 x + 2 + C

2 2

11. 12.

3
13. log x – + x − 3x + 2 + C
2
14.
2

a +b
15. log x – + ( x − a) ( x − b) + C
2

16. 2 2x 2 + x − 3 + C 17. x2 − 1 + 2log x + x 2 −1 + C

18.

9
19. 6 x – 9x + 20 + 34 log x − + x − 9 x + 20 + C
2 2
2

20.

21. x 2 + 2 x +3 + log x + 1 + x 2 + 2 x + 3 + C

1 2 x −1− 6
22. log x 2 − 2 x − 5 + log +C
2 6 x −1 + 6

Rationalised 2023-24
 ANSWERS 443

23. 5 x + 4 x +10 − 7 log x + 2 + x + 4 x + 10 + C

2 2

24. B 25. B

EXERCISE 7.5

( x + 2) 2 1 x−3
1. log +C 2. log +C
x +1 6 x+3
3. log x − 1 − 5log x − 2 + 4log x − 3 + C
1 3
4. log x − 1 − 2log x − 2 + log x − 3 + C
2 2
x 3
5. 4log x +2 − 2log x + 1 + C 6. + log x − log 1 − 2 x + C
2 4
1 1 1
7. log x − 1 − log ( x 2 + 1) + tan −1 x + C
2 4 2
2 x −1 1 1 x +1 4
8. log − +C 9. log − +C
9 x + 2 3( x − 1) 2 x −1 x −1
5 1 12
10. log x + 1 − log x − 1 − log 2 x + 3 + C
2 10 5
5 5 5
11. log x + 1 − log x + 2 + log x − 2 + C
3 2 6
x2 1 3
12. + log x + 1 + log x − 1 + C
2 2 2
1
13. – log x − 1 + log (1 + x2) + tan–1x + C
2
7 1 x −1 1
14. 3log x + 2 + +C 15. log − tan −1 x + C
x+2 4 x +1 2
1 xn 2 – sin x
16. log n +C 17. log +C
n x +1 1– sinx
2 x x
18. x+ tan −1 − 3tan −1 + C 19.
3 3 2

Rationalised 2023-24
444 MATHEMATICS

1 x4 − 1  ex – 1 
20. log +C 21. log  x  + C
4 x4  e 
22. B 23. A

EXERCISE 7.6
x 1
1. – x cos x + sin x + C 2. − cos3x + sin 3x + C
3 9
x2 x2
3. ex (x2 – 2x + 2) + C 4. log x − + C
2 4
x2 x2 x3 x3
5. log 2 x − + C 6. log x − + C
2 4 3 9

1 x 1 − x2 x2 x 1
7. (2 x 2 − 1) sin −1 x + +C 8. tan −1 x − + tan −1 x + C
4 4 2 2 2
cos –1 x x
9. (2 x − 1) − 1 − x2 + C
2
4 4

(sin x)
2
10. –1
x + 2 1 − x2 sin −1 x − 2 x + C

11. – 1–x2 cos –1 x + x + C 12. x tan x + log cos x + C

1 x2 x2 x2
13. x tan −1 x − log (1+ x 2 ) + C 14. (log x ) 2
− log x + +C
2 2 2 4

15. 16. ex sin x + C

ex x
17. +C 18. e tan + C
x
1+ x 2

ex ex
19. +C 20. +C
x ( x − 1) 2
e2 x
21. (2sin x − cos x) + C 22. 2x tan–1x – log (1 + x2) + C
5
23. A 24. B

Rationalised 2023-24
 ANSWERS 445

EXERCISE 7.7

1 x 1 −1 1
1. x 4 − x 2 + 2sin −1 + C 2. sin 2 x + x 1 − 4 x 2 + C
2 2 4 2
(x +2) 2
3. x + 4 x + 6 + log x + 2 + x 2 + 4 x + 6 + C
2
(x +2) 2 3
4. x + 4 x + 1 − log x + 2 + x 2 + 4 x + 1 + C
2 2

5.

(x +2) 2 9
6. x + 4 x − 5 − log x + 2 + x 2 + 4 x − 5 + C
2 2

7.

2x +3 2 9 3
8. x + 3 x − log x + + x 2 + 3x + C
4 8 2

x 2 3
9. x + 9 + log x + x 2 + 9 + C
6 2
10. A 11. D

EXERCISE 7.8
3 64
1. 2 2. log 3.
2 3
1
4. 5. 0 6. e4 (e – 1)
2

1 π
7. log 2 8. 9.
2 2
π 1 3 π
10. 11. log 12.
4 2 2 4

Rationalised 2023-24
446 MATHEMATICS

1 1 3
13. log 2 14. log 6 + tan −1 5
2 5 5
1
15. (e – 1) 16.
2

π4 π 3π
17. + +2 18. 0 19. 3log 2 +
1024 2 8

4 2 2
20. 1 + − 21. D 22. C
π π

EXERCISE 7.9

1 64 π
1. log 2 2. 3. – log 2
2 231 2
16 2 π 1 21+ 5 17
4. ( 2 + 1) 5. 6. log
15 4 17 4

π e2 (e 2 − 2)
7. 8. 9. D
8 4
10. B

EXERCISE 7.10
π π π π
1. 2. 3. 4.
4 4 4 4
1
5. 29 6. 9 7. (n + 1) ( n + 2)

π 16 2 π 1 π
8. log 2 9. 10. log 11.
8 15 2 2 2
12. π 13. 0 14. 0 15. 0
a
16. – π log 2 17. 18. 5 20. C
2
21. C

Rationalised 2023-24
 ANSWERS 447

MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE ON CHAPTER 7

1 x2
1. log +C 2.
2 1 − x2

2 ( a − x)
3. – +C 4.
a x
1 1 1
5. 2 x − 3x 3 + 6x 6 − 6log (1+ x6 ) + C
1 1 3 x
6. − log x + 1 + log ( x 2 + 9) + tan −1 + C
2 4 2 3
x3
7. sin a log sin ( x − a ) + x cos a + C 8. +C
3
1
9. 10. − sin 2 x + C
2
1 cos ( x + b ) 1 −1 4
11. log + C 12. sin ( x ) + C
sin (a – b) cos( x + a ) 4

1 −1 1 x
13. 14. tan x − tan −1 + C
3 6 2
1 1
15. − cos4 x + C 16. log ( x 4 + 1) + C
4 4
[f (ax + b)]n +1 –2 sin ( x + α )
17. +C 18. +C
a (n+1) sin α sin x

19. –2 1– x + cos −1 x + x − x 2 + C

1
20. ex tan x + C 21. − 2log x +1 − + 3log x + 2 + C
x +1

22. 23.

Rationalised 2023-24
448 MATHEMATICS

π π
24. e 2 25.
8

π ( 3 − 1)
26. 27. 2sin −1
6 2

4 2 1
28. 29. log 9
3 40
π 19
30. −1 31.
2 2
38. A 39. B
40. D

EXERCISE 8.1
1. 12π 2. 6π 3. A 4. B

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 8

7
1. (i) (ii) 624.8
3
2. 9 3. 4 4. D 5. C

EXERCISE 9.1
1. Order 4; Degree not defined 2. Order 1; Degree 1
3. Order 2; Degree 1 4. Order 2; Degree not defined
5. Order 2; Degree 1 6. Order 3; Degree 2
7. Order 3; Degree 1 8. Order 1; Degree 1
9. Order 2; Degree 1 10. Order 2; Degree 1
11. D 12. A

EXERCISE 9.2
11. D 12. D

Rationalised 2023-24
 ANSWERS 449

EXERCISE 9.3
x
1. y = 2 tan−x+C 2. y = 2 sin (x + C)
2
3. y = 1 + Ae–x 4. tan x tan y = C
x3
5. y = log (ex + e–x) + C 6. tan –1 y = x + +C
3
7. y = ecx 8. x – 4 + y –4 =C
9. y = x sin–1x + 1– x 2 + C 10. tan y = C ( 1 – ex)

11.

1  x 2 −1  1 3
12. y = log  2  − log 13.
2  x  2 4
14. y = sec x 15. 2y – 1 = ex ( sin x – cos x)
16. y – x + 2 = log (x2 (y + 2)2) 17. y2 – x2 = 4
1
18. (x + 4)2 = y + 3 19. (63t + 27) 3
20. 6.93% 21. Rs 1648

22. 23. A

EXERCISE 9.4
−y
1. ( x − y) = Cx e
2 x
2. y = x log x + Cx

y 1
3. tan –1   = log ( x 2 + y 2 ) + C 4. x2 + y2 = Cx
x 2
1 x + 2y
5. log = log x + C 6. y + x 2 + y 2 = Cx 2
2 2 x− 2y

y   y y
7. xy cos =C 8. x 1 − cos    = Csin  
x  x x

Rationalised 2023-24
450 MATHEMATICS

x
y
9. cy = log –1 10. ye y + x = C
x
y π
11. log ( x2 + y2) + 2 tan–1 = + log 2
x 2
 y
12. y + 2x = 3x2 y 13. cot   = log ex
x

 y y=
2x
( x ≠ 0, x ≠ e)
14. cos   = log ex 15.
 x 1 − log x
16. C 17. D

EXERCISE 9.5
1
1. y = (2sin x – cos x) + C e–2x 2. y = e–2x + Ce–3x
5
x4
3. xy = +C 4. y (sec x + tan x) = sec x + tan x – x + C
4
x2
5. y = (tan x – 1) + C e–tanx 6. y= (4log x − 1) + Cx −2
16
−2
7. y log x = (1 + log x ) + C 8. y = (1+ x ) −1 log sin x + C (1+ x 2 ) −1
x
1 C
9. y = − cot x + 10. (x + y + 1) = C ey
x x sin x

y2 C
11. x= + 12. x = 3y2 + Cy
3 y

π
13. y = cos x – 2 cos2 x 14. y (1 + x2) = tan–1 x –
4
15. y = 4 sin3 x – 2 sin2 x 16. x + y + 1 = ex
17. y = 4 – x – 2 ex 18. C 19. D

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 9

1. (i) Order 2; Degree 1 (ii) Order 1; Degree 3
(iii) Order 4; Degree not defined

Rationalised 2023-24
 ANSWERS 451

sec x
4. sin–1y + sin–1x = C 6. cos y =
2
x
π
7. tan–1 y + tan–1(ex) = 8. e y = y + C
2
9. log x – y = x + y + 1 10. y e2 x
= (2 x + C)

π2 2 x +1
11. y sin x = 2 x 2 − (sin x ≠ 0) 12. y = log , x ≠ −1
2 x +1
13. C 14. C
15. C

EXERCISE 10.1
1. In the adjoining figure, the vector represents the required displacement.

2. (i) scalar (ii) vector (iii) scalar (iv) scalar (v) scalar
(vi) vector
3. (i) scalar (ii) scalar (iii) vector (iv) vector (v) scalar
4. (i) Vectors and are coinitial
(ii) Vectors and are equal
(iii) Vectors and are collinear but not equal
5. (i) True (ii) False (iii) False (iv) False

EXERCISE 10.2

1.
2. An infinite number of possible answers.

Rationalised 2023-24
452 MATHEMATICS

3. An infinite number of possible answers.

4. x = 2, y = 3 5. – 7 and 6; –7 iˆ and 6 ˆj
1 ˆ 1 ˆ 2 ˆ
6. − 4 ˆj − kˆ 7. i+ j+ k
6 6 6
1 ˆ 1 ˆ 1 ˆ 1 ˆ 1 ˆ
8. i+ j+ k 9. i+ k
3 3 3 2 2
40 ˆ 8 ˆ 16 ˆ 1 2 3
10. i− j+ k 12. , ,
30 30 30 14 14 14
1 2 2 1 4 1
13. − ,− , 15. (i) − iˆ + ˆj + kˆ (ii) −3iˆ + 3 kˆ
3 3 3 3 3 3
16. 3iˆ + 2 ˆj + kˆ 18. (C) 19. (B), (C), (D)

EXERCISE 10.3

π
1. 2. 3. 0
4

60 16 2 2 2
4. 6. , 7.
114 3 7 3 7

8. 9. 13 10. 8

−3
12. Vector can be any vector 13.
2
14. Take any two non-zero perpendicular vectors and

15. 18. (D)

EXERCISE 10.4

2 2ˆ 1ˆ π 1 1 1
1. 19 2 2. ± iˆ j k 3. ; , ,
3 3 3 3 2 2 2
27
5. 3, 6. Either
2

Rationalised 2023-24
 ANSWERS 453

8. No; take any two nonzero collinear vectors

9. 61 10. 15 2 11. (B) 12. (C)

2

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 10

3ˆ 1 ˆ
1. i+ j
2 2

2. x2 – x1 , y2 – y1 , z2 − z1; ( x2 − x1 ) 2 + ( y2 − y1 ) 2 + ( z2 − z1 ) 2

−5 ˆ 3 3 ˆ
3. i+ j
2 2
r
4. No; take , and c to represent the sides of a triangle.
1 3 10 ˆ 3 ˆ 3 ˆ 2 ˆ
5. ± 6. 10 iˆ + j 7. i− j+ k
3 2 2 22 22 22

1 ˆ
8. 2 : 3 9. 3 + 5 10. (3i – 6 ˆj + 2kˆ); 11 5
7
1
12. (160iˆ – 5 ˆj + 70kˆ) 13. λ = 1 16. (B)
3
17. (D) 18. (C) 19. (B)

EXERCISE 11.1
−1 1 1 1 1
1. 0, , 2. ± ,± ,± 3.
2 2 3 3 3
−2 −2 3 −2 −3 −2 4 5 −1
5. , , ; , , ; , ,
17 17 17 17 17 17 42 42 42

EXERCISE 11.2

4. , where λ is a real number

5. and cartesian form is
x −2 y + 1 z − 4
= =
1 2 −1

Rationalised 2023-24
454 MATHEMATICS

x+2 y−4 z+5

6. = =
3 5 6
r
7. r = (5 iˆ − 4 ˆj + 6 kˆ) + λ (3 iˆ + 7 ˆj + 2 kˆ)

−1  19  −1  8 
8. (i) θ = cos   (ii) θ = cos  
 21  5 3 

−1  26  −1  2 
9. (i) θ = cos   (ii) θ = cos  
 9 38   3
70 3 2
10. p= 12. 13. 2 29
11 2
3 8
14. 15.
19 29

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 11

x y z −10
1. 90° 2. = = 3. k=
1 0 0 7

4. 9 5.

EXERCISE 12.1
1. Maximum Z = 16 at (0, 4)
2. Minimum Z = – 12 at (4, 0)

235  20 45 
3. Maximum Z = at  , 
19  19 19 

 3 1
4. Minimum Z = 7 at  , 
2 2
5. Maximum Z = 18 at (4, 3)
6. Minimum Z = 6 at all the points on the line segment joining the points (6, 0)
and (0, 3).

Rationalised 2023-24
 ANSWERS 455

7. Minimum Z = 300 at (60, 0);

Maximum Z = 600 at all the points on the line segment joining the points (120, 0)
and (60, 30).
8. Minimum Z = 100 at all the points on the line segment joining the points (0, 50)
and (20, 40);
Maximum Z = 400 at (0, 200)
9. Z has no maximum value
10. No feasible region, hence no maximum value of Z.

EXERCISE 13.1

2 1 16
1. P ( E|F) = , P ( F|E ) = 2. P ( A|B) =
3 3 25
3. (i) 0.32 (ii) 0.64 (iii) 0.98
11
4.
26
4 4 2
5. (i) (ii) (iii)
11 5 3
1 3 6
6. (i) (ii) (iii)
2 7 7
7. (i) 1 (ii) 0
1 1 1
8. 9. 1 10. (a) , (b)
6 3 9
1 1 1 2 3 1
11. (i) , (ii) , (iii) ,
2 3 2 3 4 4
1 1 5
12. (i) (ii) 13.
2 3 9
1
14. 15. 0 16. C 17. D
15

Rationalised 2023-24
456 MATHEMATICS

EXERCISE 13.2
3 25 44
1. 2. 3.
25 102 91
4. A and B are independent 5. A and B are not independent
6. E and F are not independent
1 1
7. (i) p= (ii) p=
10 5
8. (i) 0.12 (ii) 0.58 (iii) 0.3 (iv) 0.4
3
9. 10. A and B are not independent
8
11. (i) 0.18 (ii) 0.12 (iii) 0.72 (iv) 0.28
7 16 20 40
12. 13. (i) , (ii) , (iii)
8 81 81 81
2 1 1 1 1
14. (i) , (ii) 15. (i) , (ii) 16. (a) , (b) , (c)
3 2 5 3 2
17. D 18. B

EXERCISE 13.3
1 2 9 12
1. 2. 3. 4.
2 3 13 13
22 4 1 1
5. 6. 7. 8.
133 9 52 4
2 8 5 11
9. 10. 11. 12.
9 11 34 50
13. A 14. C

Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 13

1. (i) 1 (ii) 0
1 1
2. (i) (ii)
3 2
20
3.
21

Rationalised 2023-24
 ANSWERS 457

2
4. 5.
7
1 2 8 14 3
6. , , 7. 8.
15 5 15 29 16
16
9. (i) 0.5 (ii) 0.05 10.
31
11. A 12. C 13. B

—v—

Rationalised 2023-24
 Notes

Rationalised 2023-24