Proceedings of the 13th IFAC Conference on

Programmable
Proceedings of Devices
the 13thand
IFACEmbedded Systems
Conference on
Proceedings
May of Devices
13-15, 2015.
Programmable the 13thand
Cracow, IFAC Conference
Poland
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Systems
Proceedings of the 13th IFAC Conference on
Programmable Devices and Embedded Systems
May 13-15, 2015.
Programmable Cracow,
Devices andPoland
Embedded Systems
May 13-15, 2015. Cracow, Poland
May 13-15, 2015. Cracow, Poland
ScienceDirect
IFAC-PapersOnLine 48-4 (2015) 205–210
Integrated Hardware and Software for Monitoring and Control
Integrated
of Hardware
Integrated Hardware and
and
Public Utilities Software
Software for
for
in Small Local Monitoring
Monitoring
Communitiesand
and Control
Control
Integrated
of Hardware
Public and
Utilities Software
in Small for
LocalMonitoring
Communitiesand Control
of Public
of Public Utilities
Utilities in Small
in Small Local
Local Communities
Communities
Nicolae Patrascoiu. Ioana Camelia Barbu.
Nicolae Patrascoiu. Ioana Camelia Barbu.
Nicolae
Nicolae Patrascoiu.
Patrascoiu. Ioana
Ioana Camelia
Camelia Barbu.
Barbu.
*University of Petrosani, Universitatii 20, Petrosani, Romania
*University of Petrosani, Universitatii 20, Petrosani, Romania
nicolaepatrascoiu@upet.ro.
*University
*University of
of Petrosani,
Petrosani, Universitatii
Universitatii 20,
20, Petrosani,
Petrosani, Romania
Romania
nicolaepatrascoiu@upet.ro.
nicolaepatrascoiu@upet.ro.
nicolaepatrascoiu@upet.ro.
Abstract: In this paper we propose an integrated system, hardware and software, for control and
Abstract:
monitoringIn ofthis paper wesystem
a distributed propose an includes
which integratedthesystem, hardware
water supply and software,
subsystem, sewerage forsystem,
controlwater
and
Abstract:
Abstract: In
Inofthis
this paper
paper we
we propose
propose an integrated
an includes
integrated system, hardware and
and software, for control and
monitoring
treatment a distributed
system, public system
buildings which
management thesystem,
system,water
nighthardware
supply
time subsystem,software,
illuminationsewerage
system.forsystem,
control
Also, to and
water
this
monitoring
monitoring of
of a
a distributed
distributed system
system which
which includes
includes the
the water
water supply
supply subsystem,
subsystem, sewerage
sewerage system,
system, water
water
treatment
distributedsystem,
system, public
a videobuildings management
surveillance subsystem system,
can be night
added. time
This illumination
entire system.
concept is Also,
thought forto this
small
treatment
treatment system, public buildings management system, night
night time illumination system. Also, to this
settlementssystem,
distributed
distributed system, public
comprised
system, aa video
from
video
buildings management
surveillance
few villages.
surveillance subsystem
subsystem
system,
can
can be
be added.
added.
time
This
This
illumination
entire
entire
system.
concept
concept is
is
Also,
thought
thought for
for
tosmall
this
small
distributed system,
settlements comprised a video
from surveillance
few villages.subsystem can be added. This entire concept is thought for small
settlements
© 2015, IFAC
Keywords:
settlements comprised
Automatic from
(International
comprised from few
few villages.
process control,
Federation ComputerControl)
of Automatic
villages. interfaces, Databy acquisition,
Hosting Elsevier Ltd. Hierarchical system,
All rights reserved.
Keywords:
Mobile Automatic process
communication, control,
Monitoring Computer
elements, interfaces,
Telecontrol, Urban Data acquisition, Hierarchical system,
systems.
Keywords:
Keywords: Automatic
Automatic process
process control,
control, Computer
Computer interfaces,
interfaces, Data acquisition,
acquisition, Hierarchical
Hierarchical system,
Mobile communication, Monitoring elements, Telecontrol, UrbanData
systems. system,
Mobile communication, Monitoring elements, Telecontrol, Urban
Mobile communication, Monitoring elements, Telecontrol, Urban systems. systems.

1. INTRODUCTION 2. PROCESSES IDENTIFIED TO BE INTEGRATED

1. INTRODUCTION 2. PROCESSES IDENTIFIED TO BE INTEGRATED
The improvement of1. INTRODUCTION
1.the quality of life for the inhabitants of a
INTRODUCTION As 2. PROCESSES
mentioned
2. PROCESSES aboveIDENTIFIED
we proposedTO
IDENTIFIED TO to BE INTEGRATED
integrate
BE into a single
INTEGRATED
The improvement
community
The improvement means of
of the quality
access
the quality toof
of life
public
life for the inhabitants
utilities, a cleanof a As mentioned
monitoring andabove we
control proposed to
SCADA tosystem integrate into
the aa single
following
The improvement
community
environment means
and of the quality
access
safety. All to
of life for
ofthat
public for the
the inhabitants
inhabitants
utilities,
implies at a clean
their
of
of aa
turn,
As mentioned
As mentionedand
monitoring
processes:
above
above we proposed
we proposed
control SCADA tosystem
integrate
integratethe into a single
intofollowing
single
community
community means access to public utilities, aa clean monitoring and control SCADA system the following
environment
financial
environment and means
and
energy
and
access
safety. All to
expenses
safety. All
of
of
public
andthat
thatthe impliesutilities,
reduction
implies at costclean
at oftheir
their
turn,
and
turn,
monitoring
processes: and control SCADA system the following
processes:
environment
financial and safety.
and energy expenses All of
and that implies
the reduction at oftheir
costturn,
and 1. Drinking water supply process;
processes:
human
financial environmental
and energy impact,
expenses contributes
and the to the sustainable
financial
human and ofenergy
environmental expenses
impact, and the reduction
contributes reduction
to the of
of cost
cost and
sustainableand 1. Drinking water supply process;
1. Drinking
development
human a
environmental community.
impact, contributes to the sustainable 2. Drinking water
1. Wastewater water supply
discharge process;
supply system;
process;
human environmental
development of a community. impact, contributes to the sustainable 2. Wastewater discharge system;
development
The necessityof
development aa community.
of for this hardware and software integrated
community. 2. Wastewater
3. Wastewater
2. discharge
Public illumination; system;
discharge system;
The
system necessity
came for the
from thisdimensions
hardware ofand thesoftware integrated
systems mentioned 3. Public illumination;
The
The necessity
necessity for
forvery this hardware
thissmall
hardware and software integrated 3.
4. Public
3. Building illumination;
Management System – BMS;
system
above, came from
which are the dimensions
compared ofand
the software
withsystems
the ones integrated
mentioned
present Public illumination;
system
system came
came from
from the
the dimensions
dimensions of
of the
the systems
systems mentioned
mentioned 4. Building Management System – BMS;
above, which are verythey small compared with thecontrolled
ones present 4. Building Management
in the
above,
above,
cities,
which
which
where
are
are very
very small
small
are monitored
compared with andthe ones presentby 5. 4. Video
Building Management System
surveillance; System – – BMS;
BMS;
in the cities,
giant, where
expensive, they
custom arecompared
monitored
SCADA with and
systems thecontrolled
ones
owned presentby 5. Video surveillance;
in
in the
the cities,
cities, where
where they
they are
are monitored
monitored and
and controlled
controlled by
by 5. Video surveillance;
giant,
different expensive,
companies.custom custom SCADA
For the small systems
communities, owned
such custom 5. Video surveillance;
2.1. Drinking water supply process
giant,
giant, expensive,
expensive, custom SCADA
SCADA systems
systems owned
owned by
different
SCADA
different
companies.
solution designed
companies.
For
For
the
the
small
for
small
communities,
each subsystemsuch
communities,
such not bya
custom
it’s custom 2.1.
2.1. Drinking
Drinking water
water supply
supply process
process
different
SCADA
viable companies.
solution
solution For costs
anddesigned
the the for
small communities,
each
implied subsystem
by multiple such
it’s custom
not
SCADA a 2.1.
The Drinking water supply
drinking water process
for rural localities is a developing
SCADA solution designed for each subsystem it’s not
not itaa The drinking wateraddition
supply for
SCADAsolution
viable
systems solution
are anddesigned
prohibitive, the costs
and for each
implied
also, for subsystem
abysmall
multiple it’sSCADA
community process
The so
drinking the
water supply ofrural
for rural
localities
elements
localitiesforis a developing
is acontrol and
developing
viable
viable solution
solution and
and the costs implied by multiple SCADA The drinking
process water
so inthe supply
addition for
ofrural localities
elements forisofacontrol
developing
and
systems
very
systems are that the
are prohibitive,
important,
prohibitive,
costs
and also,
all data
and
implied
from
also,
for abysmall
all systems,
for a
multiple
small comeSCADA
community
community to one it
it
monitoring
process so order
the to
additionassure of the functioning
elements for the
controlsystem
and
systems
very areimportance
prohibitive,
important, that allofdataand also,
from for a small
alldata
systems, community
come to one it process
monitoring
without so in
mannedthe
order addition
to assure
operation of
and elements
the functioning for of
surveillance ofisthe control
the and
system
onsystem
great
place.
very The
important, that all centralised
data from all centre
systems, is
come expressed
to one monitoring in order to assure the functioning
very
place. important, that all data from all systems, come to one monitoring
without
demand. in
manned order
For this type to assure
operation
of processthe
and functioning
surveillance
there are plenty of isthe
on system
great
SCADA
by a Thesmallimportance
administrative of centralised
apparatus datacompared
centre is expressed
with the without manned operation and surveillance is
place.
place.
by
The
a The
importance
smallimportance
administrative
of
of centralised
centralised
apparatus
data centre
centrebyis
datacompared is expressed
expressed
withlargethe without (OMRON,
demand.
solution manned
For this typeoperation
ABB) toand
of process surveillance
thereand
monitor are control
plentyis on
on great
great
SCADA
through
numerous
by aa small companies
administrative and employees
apparatus used the demand. For this type of process there are plenty SCADA
by
numerous smallcompanies
communities. administrative apparatus compared
and employees compared
used by the
with
withlargethe
the demand.
solution
which areFor this type
(OMRON,
provided ABB)of process
(Mishra, to
2008): thereand
monitor are control
plenty SCADAthrough
numerous companies and employees used by the large solution
solution (OMRON, ABB) ABB) to monitor
monitor and and control
control through
numerous companies and employees used by the large
communities. which are(OMRON,
provided (Mishra, to
2008): through
communities.
The monitoring and control systems represent the source of
communities. • Monitoring
which
which are provided
are providedthe (Mishra,
(Mishra, 2008):
flow2008):rate (volume, pressure,
The monitoring
for realand control systems represent Thethe source of • Monitoring the
water flowquality rate (volume, pressure,
decisions
The monitoring time
and control
control of processes.
systems represent thestructure
source of •• temperature),
Monitoring
Monitoring the
the flow
flow
(detection
rate
rate
of suspensions,
(volume,
(volume, pressure,
pressure,
The
such monitoring
decisions realand
for the
system, time control
hardware controlsystems represent
of processes.
component, implies The thestructure
sourcethe
connecting of temperature),
detection water
of chemical quality
products (detection of
and contaminants,suspensions,
pH),
decisions for real time control of processes. The structure of temperature),
temperature), water quality
water quality (detection
(detection of suspensions,
ofmonitoring
suspensions,
decisions
such
data for
system, real
the
acquisition time
hardware control of
component,
elements,component, processes.
implies
the signal implies The
processing structure
connecting
units, the of
the detection
acoustic of chemical
monitoring products
for leak and contaminants,
detection, pH),
of
such system, the detection of chemical products and contaminants, pH),
such processing,
data system, the hardware
acquisition hardware
elements,
the process component,
the
of signal implies
decision processing
connecting
connecting
elaboration, units,
and the detection
acoustic
water level ofinchemical
monitoring
the products
for
reservoir, leak
etc; and contaminants,
detection, monitoringpH), of
data acquisition elements, the signal processing units, the acoustic
acoustic monitoring
monitoring for
for leak
leak detection, monitoring of
data acquisition
processing,
execution elements elements,
the process
which ofthe
of signal
decision
maintain processing
elaboration,
the units,
process and in the water level in the reservoir, etc; detection, monitoring of
data processing,
data processing, the
the process decision elaboration, and the • Monitoring
water
water level
level in the
inthe reservoir,
reservoir, etc;
theequipment from pumping station and
etc;
execution
prescribed
execution
elements
limits.
elements Theprocess
systemof
which
which
decision
maintain
also implies
maintain
elaboration,
the
thetheprocess
transmission and
in theof • Monitoring the equipment from pumping station and
execution elements The which maintain thetheprocess
process in
in the
the water
•• Monitoring distribution
the station;
prescribed
data between
prescribed
limits.
all
limits. elements.
The
system also implies transmission of Monitoring
water the equipment
distribution equipment
station;
from
from pumping
pumping stationstation and
and
prescribed
data between limits. The system
all elements. system alsoalso implies
implies the the transmission
transmission of of • water
The distribution
optimization station;
of electric energy consumption needed
data between water distribution station;
data between all
The transmission all elements.
of the data carrier signals, data processing
elements. • The optimization of and
electric
waterenergy consumption
stations;needed
The
and transmission
data storage by of athe data
performancecarrier signals,
computer data
system,processing
and the •• forThe
The
pumping
optimization
optimization
station of electric
of and
electric
distribution
energy consumption needed
The transmission
The data
transmission of
of athe
the data
data carrier
carrier signals,
signals, data
data processing
processing for pumping station waterenergy consumption
distribution stations;needed
and
commands
and data
storage
storage
by
transmission
by a
performance
system
performance
computer
infers
computer the system,
existence
system,
and
of the
and an
the • The for pumping station
storage station
for pumping and
of information water distribution
and water depicting
distribution stations;
thestations;
behavior of
and data storage
commands
algorithm
commands and of by
transmission
a
transmission
acomputer
performance
system
system programcomputer
infers
infers which
the
system,
the existence
represents and
of the
an
the •• The water storage
supplyof information
system to depicting
predict the the behavior
problematicof
commands
algorithm
software transmission
and of a computer
component. Basedsystemon infers above
program
those the existence
which existence
represents
we obtain
of an
of the
an
an • water The
The storage
storage
supply
situations;
of
of information
information
system to
depicting
depicting
predict
the
the
the
behavior
behavior
problematic
of
of
algorithm
algorithm and
and of
of a
a computer
computer program
program which
which represents
represents the
the water supply system to predict the problematic
software
integrated component.
system with Based twoon those above software we obtainand an water supply system to predict the problematic
situations;
software
software component.
component. Based
Based on components,
those above we
we obtain an • situations;
Prediction of high demands through the examination of
integrated
hardware, system
which can with
be twoonto
utilized those
components,
control above obtainand
software
processes. an situations;
integrated system with two components, software and • Prediction of high demands through the examination of
integrated which
hardware,
hardware,
system can with two to
be utilized components,
control processes. software and •• previously
Prediction acquired
of
of high
data;
high demands through
through the the examination
examination of
hardware, which
which can can be be utilized
utilized toto control
control processes.
processes. Prediction acquired
previously
previously acquired
demands
data;
data;
of
previously acquired data;
Copyright IFAC 2015
2405-8963 © 2015, 205Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control)
Peer review©under
Copyright IFAC responsibility
2015 of International Federation of Automatic
205Control.
Copyright © IFAC 2015
10.1016/j.ifacol.2015.07.033 205
Copyright © IFAC 2015 205
PDeS 2015
206
May 13-15, 2015. Cracow, Poland Nicolae Patrascoiu et al. / IFAC-PapersOnLine 48-4 (2015) 205–210
• Alarms for various parameters, which announce the
probability of a malfunction, rapid diagnose and accident
avoidance.
2.2. Wastewater discharge system
The presence of drinking water supply system imposes also,
the presence of a wastewater discharge system for which a
monitoring and control system should be installed. This
system should evaluate the water quality parameters after the
treatment phases and control the treatment process. A generic
structure for a wastewater treatment plant is depicted
(Cosmescu, 2004) and starting from this structure the sub-
processes and the equipment needing monitoring and control
is straight forward (Popa, 2011), (Randy, 2005):
• Biological control;
• The equipment from pumping station, and mud
recirculation;
• Filter grill position, filters and decanters;
• Water Flow and water temperature after the water
cleaning process;
• Energy consumption.
2.3. Public illumination
Public lighting which includes the decorative lighting of
monuments and public buildings is 30 – 40% from the total
electric energy spent by a community (Baezinger, 2005). The
utilization of intelligent systems to control the public lighting
can reduce the energy consumption and maintenance cost
resulting in an efficient use of resources. The actual trends
pursue the implementation of intelligent control systems for
public lighting targeting multiple directions:
a. Centralized control of the system with the possibility to
regulate and control the lighting, thus in the time periods
when the traffic is reduced the lighting can be reduced
from 2 cd/m2 (class M1) to 1.5 cd/m2 (class M2) or even
1,0 cd/m2 (class M3) as long as the uniformity is
maintained (Chaitanya, 2013);
b. Control system for each lamp and centralized monitoring
through GSM reduce the electric energy consumption,
reduce the maintenance costs and increase the
availability of street lighting for various wheatear
conditions (fog, excessive clouding, sand storms,
volcanic ashes, etc.) (Poplawski, 2013);
c. Replacement of classic gas discharge sources of
lightning with LED sources that allow multiple control
possibilities locally and centralized.
A management system for public lightning has to assure the
following basic functions (Simhas, 2013):
• To incorporate capabilities for intelligent monitoring
(voltage, current, active power, reactive power, power
factor);
206
• To reduce the energy consumption for public lightning
by providing real time information about the system
status and control over the functioning times;
• To allow the identification of broken lamps and of their
locations, other threatening events, reducing the down
time of the system and improving the service quality;
• To be able to correlate the energy consumption with the
energy price in order to deliver real time information
about the lightning costs.
2.4. Building Management System
The Management of public buildings (Building Management
System – BMS) targets the control of all the equipment
installed into a building or group of buildings in order to
reduce the consumptions and improve the functioning, the
comfort and the safety. The main objectives of BMS are
(Schneider, 2007):
a. Reducing costs generated by daily activities in the
buildings, costs regarding indoor climate, ventilation,
electric energy consumption, water;
b. Reducing the maintenance costs and implementing
strategies to diminish the loses in case of unforeseen
situations (indoor fires, flooding, damages) through
monitoring the security systems;
c. Control access;
d. Improving the degree of comfort provided by the
building.
In the field of the building management systems are many
producers worldwide like Schneider Electric, Honeywell,
Siemens, Johnson Control Inc., Trend Control Systems
Limited and web sites of institutes or society specialized in
this field like: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating
and Air Conditioning Engineers – ASHRAE, Chartered
Institute for Building Services Engineers – CIBSE or Whole
Building Design Guide – WBDG.
• The main functions of a building management system for
public buildings are:
• Monitoring the status or the values of system variables;
• The possibility to modify as needed the status of some
parameters or their value;
• Recording on long time periods the consumptions
(electricity, heating, water) and the possibility to provide
tables and diagrams with the values recorded;
• Triggering the alarms and driving specialized equipment
in case of malfunction situations;
• Multiple buildings, one system and data consistency.
3. HARDWARE STRUCTURE
The monitoring and control systems utilized in this kind of
applications are SCADA type systems (Supervisory Control
and Data Acquisition) which realize the continuous
 PDeS 2015
May 13-15, 2015. Cracow, Poland
observation, real time, for a series of variables, representing
performance indicators, and also safety measures.
The general structure of a SCADA system (Bailey, 2003),
(Dunn, 2006), depicted in fig.1 comprise:
Mainframe
computer
RTU HMI RTU
comunication
comunication
Local system
Local system
Field equipment Field equipment
PROCESS 1 PROCESS 2
Fig. 1. The general structure of a SCADA system
a. Field equipment comprised all the equipment and the
technical systems needed to measure the values of
interest variables for this process (pressure transducers,
level, temperature, flow meters, analysers etc.) and also
comprised the systems to actuate and modify the
parameters. The equipment are connected with the
control elements from the higher hierarchy level in order
to transmit data and receive the control signals through
the local communication bus that use industrial
communication protocols (Modbus, Profibus, HART,
Ethernet, CAN, etc.);
b. Remote Terminal Units, data distributors and eventually
local programming interfaces (Human Machine
Interface), that is slave type units and comprise all the
equipments and technical systems needed for monitoring
and control locally the process. Their number depends to
the dimension of the network; every process or work
point from a process (pumping station, source, water
treatment plant, etc.) has an associated local control unit,
which has to be dimensioned corresponding with the
number of monitored variables for the process or the
work point. All those units are connected and
communicate with the higher hierarchy level through
different communication systems.
c. The communication system make the necessary
connection in order to obtain data and transmit
commands towards the local control units and usually
such connection suppose long distance communication,
full duplex or semiduplex, between local control units
and the master system which, most of the cases, reside
far away from them. The communication can be
achieved through physic channels like telephone line,
UTP or STP wire, optic fibre, but a more modern,
reliable solution is represented by the wireless
Nicolae Patrascoiu et al. / IFAC-PapersOnLine 48-4 (2015) 205–210 207
communication systems using GSM/GPRS or Radio
Modem solutions.
d. The wireless communication system supposes that a
GSM/GPRS or Radio Modem is found at each local
control unit and also at the master unit.
Master station
Communication e. The master unit and the data management system
system represent the unified command system destined to
Data processing system remote monitoring of all local work points. The SCADA
application installed at the central dispatch relay to a
SCADA server. When necessary, a configuration with
two servers can be used in order to assure the reliability
HMI RTU HMI of the system. Beside the server units, at this level
comunication
Local system
computer work stations can be installed on which the
real time variable from processes can be observed, the
status of the system can be depicted or where the
developers of the application and maintenance personal
can undertake different tasks. Most of the cases, the
monitoring application will be organized hierarchical
with screens depicting the global status of the system and
Field equipment also screens for each process or work point. The
PROCESS n application configuration has to fulfill the requirements
of the beneficiary in an efficient manner. To assure the
scalability of the system and to allow later expansions an
OPC server can be installed at the master unit level in
order to accept equipment and subsystems from diverse
producers.
For each of the subsystems a Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) is
used to locally monitor and control the resident process or
processes, in each of the subsystems. Those RTU provide
communication with the informational elements and also
generates the necessary commands towards the execution
elements in order to maintain the prescribed parameters. The
informational elements, represented by the sensors and
transducers, will be specific for the monitored parameters of
each process, and their outputs are either voltage levels either
electric current value.
For data acquisition and command transmission a local bus is
used, this representing the physical level, a RS485 serial bus,
and a communication protocol Modbus RTU. The
interconnection of field elements (transducers, execution
elements) to the bus is realized by specialized interfaces in
order to conform to the compatibility parameters from the
electric point of view and also from the communication
perspective.
The second function of the local RTU is the connection with
the centralized dispatch unit. This connection utilizes radio
channels either GSM/GPRS or ISM (Industrial, Scientific and
Medical band) frequency band. The ISM solution has the
definitive advantage that does not require licence and the data
transfer do not generate additional costs.
Depending of the chosen solution the radio link implies the
existence of a specialized communication modem.
Utilizing the same protocol over the radio link (Modbus over
Radio) the communication infrastructure is simplified; the
need for convertors between protocols disappear, and the
transparency between central dispatch unit, RTU’s and field
equipment is assured.
207
PDeS 2015
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For public buildings management subsystem and public
illumination subsystems is possible to utilize the
LAN/Ethernet networks, already present, and the
Modbus/TCP protocol adding just few additional components
for local RTU’s.
WATER
STATION
Radio
BUILDING 1 modem
ALARMS
Radio
BUILDING 2 modem MONITORING
AND
CONTROL
...
STATION
Radio
BUILDING n modem
ALARMS
PUBLIC BUILDINGS
WASTE WATER
TREATMENT
PLANT
Fig.2. The structure of the proposed monitoring and control system
From the analysis of the knowledge level results that for
every process mentioned here are solutions for monitoring
and control through SCADA applications both hardware wise
and software wise, but those are developed and marketed for
one type of process. The software products present on the
market like, Interactive Graphical SCADA System – IGSS
(Schneider Electric) or OpenEnterprise SCADA Suite
(Emerson Process Management) are fully compatible just
with their equipment. This solutions address to the large
urban communities with great financial possibilities from
their behalf.
The technical challenge of a system, of which finality is
represented by a SCADA system that monitor and control all
the subsystems, is raised not by the plethora of inputs and
outputs, but the different types of data acquired. Also, the
outputs of this type of SCADA system are different from
others SCADA systems due to diversity of the elements
controlled and the specificity of each subsystem. The
proposed SCADA system has a hierarchical structure
organized on two levels. A local level represented by each
subsystem and a top level represented by a dispatch centre
which monitor and control all the subsystems.
To monitor and control the public utilities for a small local
community, the mentioned above processes are identified.
Each of them represents a subsystem from which data are
collected, transmitted through radio networks towards the
central monitoring and control unit. Each subsystem will
have a local RTU that will assure the connection with the
208
The monitoring and control solution for public utilities from
a small community that we propose in this project is depicted
in fig.2.
Radio
modem
Radio PUBLIC
modem LIGHTING
GSM
GPRS
Radio VIDEO
modem SURVEILLANCE
Radio
modem
field equipment (sensors, transducers and execution
elements) and semiduplex or fullduplex communication
between them and the main monitoring and control unit in
order to transmit data and to receive control commands. The
local communication between RTU and field equipment is
done through serial bus RS485 that offers connections up to
1200m using the Modbus protocol or where is possible the
use of LAN networks id recommended. The choice to use the
Modbus protocol was driven by the fact that this protocol has
a high availability and is highly used by almost all of the
producers in the industry. This is a protocol used by the
monitoring and control systems and can have as physical
support a serial bus (Modbus RTU, Modbus ASCII), an
Ethernet network (Modbus/TCP, Modbus/UDP) or a radio
network (Modbus RTU, Modbus/TCP). The radio modems
used can work over Modbus RTU or Modbus ASCII without
any special configuration needed and are transparent towards
the received communication requests and behave no different
than a standard serial bus.
In figures 3 to 6 are depicted the configurations of all for
systems and those were set to assure the manipulation of
minimal but essential data from the processes and the
command transmission.
In these configurations are emphasized the sensors used by
every process and the monitored variables. Each sensor
connects to local RTU through an interface that allow the
connection to the local bus and the communication through
this bus.
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May 13-15, 2015. Cracow, Poland Nicolae Patrascoiu et al. / IFAC-PapersOnLine 48-4 (2015) 205–210 209

prescribed values, preventing this way the apparition of

Flow Turbidity Pressure Level Chloride Temperature Electrical
sensor sensor sensor sensor sensor sensor analiser dangerous situations or managing malfunctions.
interface interface interface interface interface interface interface
Using the same server the authorized users can monitor the
Modbus on RS485
Radio status of different devices from subsystems using mobile
Modem
platform which run using Windows Phone 7 operating
Open water LOCAL
Close water valve Stop pump No. 1...n
evacuation valve RTU system. The monitoring is done using diagram that can be
Water station
downloaded from the server taking into consideration the
access level of the user and the area to monitor.
Fig.3. The subsystem Water station configurations The diagrams can be visualized using navigation
functionality between them so the user can visualize the
Flow meter O2 N2 Temperature Level Level Flow meter process in different levels of detail.
inlet sensor sensor sensor tank1 tank2 outlet
interface interface interface interface interface interface interface The diagrams contain all the necessary data for which the
Radio mobile device can access and display the values. The visual
Modbus on RS485 Modem interface of all field devices is standard by using a
By pass valve Blowers
LOCAL middleware level on server side part of application.
RTU

Waste water station Based on the data received from the process the central
dispatch unit can trigger an alarm and send instant messages
Fig.4. The subsystem Waste water station configurations with the issued problems to the intervention crew or unit so
the time between the apparition of the problem and the
Heat Water Ambient Smoke Burglar Temperature Electrical resolution to that problem is shortened. Also through this
meter meter light sensor sensor alarm sensor analiser
project we propose to create the SCADA software for control
interface interface interface interface interface interface interface
and monitoring starting from the graphic programming
Radio environment LabVIEW.
Modbus on RS485 or local LAN Modem

Close water valve

Close electrical LOCAL LabVIEW is a graphic programming language that has the
energy RTU
advantage of increased degree for connectivity to industrial
Public building hardware equipment, and provide hundreds of embedded
libraries for advance analyze and visualization of data. Also
Fig.5. The subsystem Public building configurations
provide multiple possibilities to develop user interfaces. The
Ambient Humidity Wind Temperature Electrical
applications realized in LabVIEW can communicate with a
light sensor sensor sensor sensor analiser PLC or a RTU through many different ways that include even
interface interface interface interface interface the Modbus or Modbus/TCP. The LabVIEW module
Radio
Datalogging and Supervisory Control (DSC) comprise login
Modbus on RS485 Modem elements to network based databases, tracking the variables
Connection/ Disconnection LOCAL in real time, depicting the trends of variables and the
public lighting RTU
management of the alarms and events. Also this environment
Public lighting permits the creation of LabVIEW instruments networks
coupled with Modbus devices and security components for
Fig.6. The subsystem Public lighting configurations user interfaces. With those characteristics, LabVIEW
becomes a powerful package HMI/SCADA oriented for
4. SOFTWARE STRUCTURE industrial control applications and transforms this kind of
The central monitor, control and dispatch unit for the applications into an I/O server. The SCADA software created
proposed integrated system is a computer which takes data in this way becomes portable to any computer that runs
from the local RTUs. The data acquisition is done by cyclic Windows operating systems and fulfills the minimum
pooling data procedure or by pooling on request procedure configuration requirements.
which has a high priority level. The monitoring and control system will contain and a mobile
On this computer will run a software application realized in client application that allows the authorized users to monitor
LabVIEW, which will be a SCADA type software the field equipment status from mobile devices that use
application, represented by a virtual instrument with tabs and Windows Phone7 operating system. The monitoring is done
windows for each subsystem through which the user can through diagrams. Those diagrams are downloaded from the
access the information from the process. server taking into consideration the access level of the user
which initializes the download, thus just certain diagrams can
Beside data regarding the subsystems status the software be accessed by a certain user. Once those diagrams are
application will generate reports, graphic or table format, on downloaded, fig.7., the user can change between them using
which management decisions regarding those variables an embedded function. In this way the user can observe the
(electric energy consumptions, thermal energy parameters, process in various levels of details. The diagrams
water consumption) can be taken. Also this application will downloaded from the server contain all the necessary data in
manage predetermine alarms triggered by exceeding the

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order for the mobile device to display and access the values
of field variables.
Fig.7. The monitoring diagram download
The graphic interfaces for the mobile devices are consistent
because the server side of the application is using a
middleware level. For each displayed component the
diagrams contain an address to a web service which is used to
read the value represented by that component. The
components of the diagrams may contain even an address that
is used to navigate to more detailed view. The diagrams will
be created in a custom designer which assures their
interoperability. Thus those diagrams can be downloaded and
run on other devices than the ones using Windows Phone7.
The designer program is also the one that set the reading
addresses for sensor values and navigation addresses to
others diagrams. In fig.8 a monitoring diagram running on A
WP7 device is depicted.
Fig.8. The monitoring diagram
From the monitoring diagram, the user may still browse once
to see the details of each sensor and to do that, the user can
use one of numerical indicators that are on the diagram. In
fig. 9, there is shown a screen with such details
Fig.9. The indication of pressure variations at one sensor
210
5. CONCLUSIONS
Through this research we pursue obtaining some practical
solution to integrate process equipment with software
applications for the integrated management of public utilities
for small communities.
The final product obtained is a SCADA system with a
flexible structure and adaptable to the requirements of small
public administrations or to economic agents recipients of
public utilities.
For processes from the water supply installations, water
treatment installations and used water treatment installations,
public illumination installations, video surveillance
installations or public buildings installations there are
monitoring and control solutions but through this paper we
target to integrate all into a single system suitable for the
management of a commune from Romania.
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