Thales of Miletus (c. 624 - 546 B.C.) Anaximander (c. 610 - 546 B.C.) Anaximenes of Miletus (c.

Anaximenes of Miletus (c. 586 – 526 BC)

The First Philosopher 7 0 2 Student of Thales 7 0 2 Student of Anaximander 7 0 2

Define the substance or substances of which Rejected Thales’ proposal of having all He believed the single element (arche) was
all material objects were composed, which he substance composed with water rather he air.
identified as water proposed that all material object are made of
apeiron

Pythagoras of Samos (c. 570 – 495 B.C.) Heraclitus of Ephesus (c.540 - 480 B.C.) Parmenides (c. 515 B.C.)

Philosopher and Mathematician 7 0 2 Weeping Philosopher 7 0 2 Pre-Socratic Greek Philosopher 7 0 2

He believed that all things were made of Enigmatic Philosopher, he believes that the He believes that reality is only an illusion.
numbers. only constant thing in the world is change.

Empedocles (c. 494-434 B.C.) Anaxagoras (510 BC- 428 BC) Democritus (460-370 BC)

Preacher and Philosopher 7 0 2 Mr. Mind 7 0 2 Father of the Atomic Theory 7 0 E

r
He believes that love and strife controls He believes in predominance, that everything He believes that everything is made up of
everything in the universe. is in everything. atom.
Socrates (470-399 BC) Plato (428/427 or 424/423-348/347 BC) Aristotle (384-322 BC)

Gadfly 7 0 2 Aristocles 7 0 2 Stagirite 7 0 2

The game changing philosopher. For him to Define the substance or substances of which Define the substance or substances of which
achieve arête, one must know the nature of all material objects were composed, which he all material objects were composed, which he
something. identified as water identified as water

Zeno of Citium (334-262 B.C.) St. Augustine of Hippo (354-430 A.D.) Boethius (477-524 AD)

The Ass 7 0 2 Philosopher and Bishop 7 0 2 Schoolmaster of Medieval Europe 7 0 2

Define the substance or substances of which Define the substance or substances of which Define the substance or substances of which
all material objects were composed, which he all material objects were composed, which he all material objects were composed, which he
identified as water identified as water identified as water

St. Anselm of Canterbury (1033-1109) William of Ockham (1285-1347) Rene Descartes (1596-1650)

Bishop and Philosopher 7 0 2 Venerabilis Inceptor 7 0 2 Father of Modern Philosophy 7 0 2

Define the substance or substances of which Define the substance or substances of which Define the substance or substances of which
all material objects were composed, which he all material objects were composed, which he all material objects were composed, which he
identified as water identified as water identified as water
John Locke (1632-1704) George Berkeley (1685-1753) Soren Kierkegaard (1813-1855)

Father of Liberalism 7 0 2 Bishop Berkeley 7 0 2 Danish Philosopher 7 0 2

Define the substance or substances of which Define the substance or substances of which Define the substance or substances of which
all material objects were composed, which he all material objects were composed, which he all material objects were composed, which he
identified as water identified as water identified as water

Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) Gottfried Leibniz (1646-1716) Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)

Bright Fame 7 0 2 German Philosopher, Logician 7 0 2 The Old Jacobin 7 0 2

Define the substance or substances of which Define the substance or substances of which Define the substance or substances of which
all material objects were composed, which he all material objects were composed, which he all material objects were composed, which he
identified as water identified as water identified as water