SUPERIOR ENGLISH, PCS AND CSS ACADEMY PANO AKIL

CONDITIONALS:
Conditionals are statements with "If or 'Unless. They are opinions about the conditions / circumstances
that affect results and the opinions about the results. There are two categories of conditionals which are
expressed through three types of tense varieties. The conditions of conditional are:
1. REAL /FACTUAL CONDITIONS (Absolute Scientific Facts) These conditionals are generally expressed in
Simple Present Tense. "If clause" always remains in simple present. However, the "main clause" may
sometimes be expressed in simple future as well. These conditionals express the facts that are true in all
times and at all places.
Examples: If water freezes, it becomes solid.
If you use catalyst, the reaction occurs more rapidly.
If children are healthy, they learn to walk at the age of nearly eighteen months.
If light strikes a rough surfaces, it diffuses.
2. FACTUAL CONDITIONALS (Probable results for Future).
If + Present Simple + Future Simple (Main Clause).
In these conditionals "If Clause" is expressed in present simple tense but the "main clause" is expressed
in Simple Future Tense. The completion of the statement's action depends on the condition laid in
Future.
NOTE: Whether in case of Absolute Scientific Facts or Probable Results for Future "If Clause" is always
expressed in Simple Present Tense. Using any other tense will result in mistake.
EXAMPLES: If I find his address, I will write to him.
If you study thoroughly, you will answer all the questions.
If we leave early, we will reach at the time.
If they play with team spirit, they will possibly win the match.
Conditional (Negative Structures)
Negative structures in conditionals involve the use of "Unless" in place of "If not" in the If clause. When
"unless" is used in If clause, other negative words are not used at all in this clause. Negative word in this
situation will be the mistake of unnecessary repetition of the same meaning words.
If you don't heat water, it does not boil.
Unless you heat water, it does not boil.
If I don't press the button, the computer does not become on.
Unless I press the button, the computer does not become on.
Unless it rains, the temperature will not gо down.
Unless he attends the lecture carefully, he will not understand the topic well.
Unless you take pains, you will not understand the philosophy of life.
2. UNREAL/CONTRARY-TO-FACT CONDITIONALS: Contrary-to-fact conditionals express unreal situation
with unreal results. The first category of contrary-to-fact conditionals is expressed in the structure of
past but its meaning is present. This is the point which explains that the idea given here is contrary-to-
fact or unreal.
If you ate more, you would grow fat.
If I left motor bike outside, someone would steal it.
If he lived near the office, he would always reach office in time.
If I were you, I would grow flowers in the corner of house.
There is another category of contrary-to-fact conditionals. It shows situations related with past. We use
perfect structures in their expression. (If clause) If + sub + had + v³ + obj + Sub + would have + v³+ obj.
(Main Clause)
If he had tried hard, he would have succeeded.
If you had informed me, I would have come to receive you at the station.
If you had obeyed the order, disaster would not have fallen on you.
 SUPERIOR ENGLISH, PCS AND CSS ACADEMY PANO AKIL

If she had applied for job, she would have qualified for it.