SUPERIOR ENGLISH, PCS AND CSS ACADEMY PANO AKIL

ACTIVE VOICE & PASSIVE VOICE

ACTIVE VOICE: A form of verb in which subject leads the sentence, performing action itself is called Active Voice.
In Active Voice subject leads the sentence and represents itself solely important part of the sentence.
1. They grow crops. 2. He denies reality.
PASSIVE VOICE: A form of verb in which object takes the place of subject and leads the sentence is called Passive Voice.
In Passive Voice subject seems to receive the action.
1. Crop is grown by them. 2. Reality is denied by him.
GENERAL RULES FOR THE CHANGE OF VOICE
1. Replace subject and object with each other.
2. Use additional helping verb.
3. Use third form of the main verb.
4. Use preposition, usually “by” to show the agent.
5. Change the cases of pronoun.

I me She her
We us It it
You you They them
He him

6. Possessive form of pronoun is not changed.

My, our, your, his, her, its, their.
Simple Present Tense: (Obj) Sub: case + is/am/are + v³ + by + (sub) obj: case.
1. He supports the truth. 3. Do you understand the difficulty?
Truth is supported by him. Is the difficulty understood by you?
2. She does not waste her time. 4. Does he not follow rules?
Her time is not wasted by her. Are rules not followed by hi

Present Continuous Tense: (Obj) Sub: case + is/am/are + being + v³ + (sub) obj: case.
1. Students are attempting the test. 3. Are they enjoying the party?
The test is being attempted by students. Is the party being enjoyed by them?
2. He is not making haste. 4. Am I not avoiding the disturbance?
Haste is not being made by him. Is the disturbance not being avoided by me?
Present Perfect Tense: (Obj) Sub: case + have/has + been + v³ + by + (sub) obj: case.
1. They have postponed the meeting. 3. Has he resolved the issue?
The meeting has been postponed by them. Has the issue been resolved by him?
2. He has not conveyed the information. 4. Have you not served the guests?
Information has not been conveyed by him. Have the guests not been served by you?
Simple Past Tense: (Obj) Sub: case + was/were + v³ + by + (sub) obj: case.
1. He committed the same mistake. 3. Did he sign the document?
The same mistake was committed by him. Was the document signed by him?
2. They did not deposit money. 4. Did principal not announce the vacation?
Money were not deposited by them. Was the vacation not announced by principal?
Past Continuous Tense: (Obj) Sub: case + was/were + being + v³ + by + (sub) obj: case.
1. She was treating a patient. 3. Was he fetching water?
A patient was being treated by her. Was water being fetched by him?
2. They were not preparing notes. 4. We’re you not taking rest?
Notes were not being prepared by them. Was rest not being taken by you?
Past Perfect Tense: (Obj) Sub: case + had + been + v³ + by + (sub) obj: case.
1. I had already filled the form. The form had already been filled by me.
 SUPERIOR ENGLISH, PCS AND CSS ACADEMY PANO AKIL
2. She had not signed the agreement before. Has the success already been achieved by them?
The agreement had not been signed by her before. 4. Had he not seen a crocodile ever before?
3. Had they already achieved the success? Had a crocodile not been seen by him ever before?
Simple Future Tense: (Obj) Sub: case + will/shall + be + v³ + by + (sub) obj: case.
1. He will lead a happy life. 3. Will she invite me?
A happy life will be led by him. Shall I be invited by her?
2. The team will not set a new record. 4. Will they not restore the order?
A new record will not be set by the team. Will the order not be restored by them?
Future Perfect Tense: (Obj) Sub: case + will/shall + have + been + v³ + by + (sub) obj: case.
1. They will have finished homework. 3. Will she have rejected the offer?
Homework will have been finished by them. Will the offer have been rejected by her?
2. We shall not have plucked flowers. 4. Will you not have extended cooperation?
Flowers will not have been plucked by us. Will the cooperation not have been extended by you?
PASSIVE OF IMPERATIVE SENTENCES: 1. With object: Let + obj + be + v³.
1. Clean the board. 2. Help the poor.
Let the board be cleaned. Let the poor be helped.
Without Object: You + are + v³ ( situation) + to + v + adj/adv.
1. Please wait here. 3. Don’t talk loudly.
You are requested to wait here. You are forbidden to talk loudly.
2. Get out. You are ordered not to talk loudly.
You are Ordered to get out.
Prohibit takes “from” followed by “ING” form of the verb.
You are prohibited from talking loudly.
PASSIVE of WHO: By whom + HV + obj + v³?
1. Who breaks the rules? 3. Who will have committed a crime?
By whom are the rules broken? By whom will a crime have been committed?
2. Who is making a noise? 4. Who killed the snake?
By whom is a noise made? By whom was the snake killed?
Passive of Whom: Who + HV + v³ + by + (sub) obj: case.
1. Whom does he educate abroad? 2. Whom are they flattering?
Who is educated abroad by him? Who is being flattered by them?
PASSIVE OF TYPICAL SENTENCES 1. Sub: + Is/Am/Are going to.
(Obj) Sub: case + is/am/are + going + to + be + v³ + by + (sub) obj: case.
1. They are going to build a now house. 2. He is going to solve the sum.
A new house is going to be built by them. The sum is going to be solved by him.
IT IS TIME TO: It + is + the time + for + obj + to + be + v³.
1. It is time to conduct the test. 2. It is time to file a complaint.
It is time for the test to be conducted. It is time for a complaint to be filed.
PASSIVE STRUCTURE WITH PREPOSITION OTHER THAN “BY”
1. I know him. Fruit is cut with the knife.
He is known to me. 6. Snow covered the houses.
2. The jug contains water. The houses were covered with the snow.
Water is contained in the jug. 7. Bad news shock people.
3. Television presents good programs. People are shocked at bad news.
Good programs are presented on the TV. 8. He vexes me.
4. He married her. I am vexed at him.
She was married to him. 9. They threw stones at him.
5 The knife cuts fruit. Stones were thrown at him.
 SUPERIOR ENGLISH, PCS AND CSS ACADEMY PANO AKIL
10. They stole a bicycle from him. 11. They poured water on us.
A bicycle was stolen from him. Water was poured on us.