Dalton's Model of an Atom ( the

It is often referred to as the billiard ball model. He defined an atom to be a ball-like structure, as
the concepts of atomic nucleus and electrons were unknown at the time. If you asked Dalton to
draw the diagram of an atom, he would've simply drawn a circle!
According to Dalton, each and every atom of an element, such as gold, is identical to every other
atom of the same element. The atoms of one element are distinct from the atoms of all other
elements, he added.

JOHN DALTON
Joseph John Thomson's model (the plum pudding model)
Sir Joseph John "J.J." Thomson, OM, FRS was a British physicist and Nobel laureate who lived
from 18 December 1856 to 30 August 1940. He also created the mass spectrometer and found the
electron and isotopes. For his work on the conduction of electricity in gases and the discovery of the
electron, he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1906. "There is no other subject of physics which
provides us such promising a possibility of discovering the secret of electricity," declared John
Joseph Thomson in 1893.
According to Thomson's atomic model, an atom is made up of a positively charged sphere into
which negatively charged electrons are implanted. Because electrons and protons have the same
magnitude, an atom as a whole is electrically neutral.
Ernest Rutherford 's model (the nuclear model)
Ernest Rutherford, a scientist who was born in New Zealand, developed the Rutherford model to
explain an atom. Rutherford oversaw the Geiger-Marsden experiment in 1909, and Rutherford's
analysis in 1911 concluded that J. The plum pudding atomic model proposed by J. Thomson was
inaccurate. Based on the experimental findings, Rutherford developed a new model[1] of the atom
that included the novelties of a very high core charge packed into a very tiny volume relative to the
rest of the atom and with this central volume containing the majority of the atom's mass. The
atomic nucleus would be located in this area.
Niels Henrik David Bohr's model (the planetary model)
Bohr's model helped to explain how electrons could only change orbits by exchanging or absorbing
energy in fixed quanta. For instance, if an electron jumps into an orbit that is one orbit closer to the
nucleus, it will have to expel energy equal to the energy difference between the two orbits.