FACULTY OF NURSING

LESSON PLAN ON:

PRE-ECLAMPSIA
SUBMITTER BY: SUBMITTED TO:
MISS SHREYA SHARMA MRS. JASMI MANU (PROF.)
M. SC. NURSING 1ST YEAR PRINCIPAL
FACULTY OF NURSING FACULTY OF NURSING
RAMA UNIVERSITY RAMA UNIVERSITY
 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

NAME: Miss Shreya Sharma

COURSE: M. Sc. Nursing 1st year

BATCH: 2021-2022

TOPIC: Pre-eclampsia

DATE: 22/11/22

TIME: 45 Minutes

VENUE: M. Sc. Nursing 1st-year class

METHOD OF TEACHING: Lecture cum discussion

AV AIDS: Whiteboard, Leaflets, Pamphlets, Chart, Images.

NAME OF THE SUPERVISOR:

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE OF THE GROUP: The group has basic knowledge about the Partogram as they have learned about it
during their graduation.
 GENERAL OBJECTIVES

At the end of the session, the group will learn about Pre-eclampsia and will be able to apply the knowledge in clinical life or day-
to-day life.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

At the end of the session, the group will be able to:

 define Pre-eclampsia.
 enumerate the symptoms & causes of Pre-eclampsia.
 enlist the diagnostic procedures for Pre-eclampsia.
 discuss the preventions of Pre-eclampsia.
 elaborate on the treatment modules.
 S. TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT ACTIVITIES AV EVALUATION
NO OBJECTIVES AIDS
. TEACHING LEARNING
1. 5 INTRODUCTION: Preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of The teacher The listeners
minutes maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. It occurs in is are actively
women with first or multiple pregnancies and is introducing listening.
characterized by new-onset hypertension and proteinuria. the topic to
Improper placentation is mainly responsible for the disease. the group.
If PE remains untreated, it moves towards a more serious
condition known as eclampsia. Hypertension, diabetes
mellitus, proteinuria, obesity, family history, nulliparity,
multiple pregnancies, and thrombotic vascular disease
contribute as the risk factors for PE. PE-triggered metabolic
stress causes vascular injury, thus contributing to the
development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and/or
chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the future. This risk
appears to be increased, especially in women with recurrent
PE and eclampsia history.
The clinical findings of severe PE are assorted by the
presence of systemic endothelial dysfunction,
microangiopathy, the liver (hemolysis, elevated liver
function tests, and low platelet count, namely HELLP
syndrome), and the kidney (proteinuria). The early detection
of PE is one of the most important goals in obstetrics.
 S. TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT ACTIVITIES AV EVALUATION
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. TEACHING LEARNING
2. 5 to define Pre- DEFINITION: Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder of The teacher The listeners D What is a Pre-
minutes eclampsia unknown etiology characterized by the development of is explaining are actively E eclampsia?
hypertension to the extent of 140/90 mm Hg or more with the meaning listening. F

proteinuria after the 20th week in a previously of the topic I

normotensive and nonproteinuric woman. Some amount of to the group. N

I
edema is common in a normal pregnancy. Edema has been
T
excluded from the diagnostic criteria unless it is
I
pathological. The preeclamptic features may appear even
O
before the 20th week as in cases of hydatidiform mole and
N
acute polyhydramnios. “Pregnancy-induced hypertension
(PIH)” is defined as hypertension that develops as a direct
result of the gravid state. It includes—(i) gestational
hypertension, (ii) preeclampsia, and (iii) eclampsia.
 S. TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT ACTIVITIES AV EVALUATION
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3. 10 to enumerate SYMPTOMS: The teacher The listeners L What are the
minutes the symptoms  Rapid weight gain caused by a significant increase in is are making E symptoms of
& causes of bodily fluid enumerating notes. A Pre-eclampsia?
Pre-eclampsia.  Abdominal pain the F
 Severe headaches symptoms & L

 Change in reflexes causes of E

 Reduced urine or no urine output Pre- T

eclampsia. S
 Dizziness
 Excessive vomiting and nausea
 Vision changes
 Swelling of hands and feet
 Decreased urine output
 Impaired liver function
 Shortness of breath, caused by the accumulation of fluid
in the lungs.

S. TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT ACTIVITIES AV EVALUATION

NO OBJECTIVES TEACHING LEARNING AIDS
.
3. 10 to enumerate CAUSES: The teacher The listeners L What are the
minutes the symptoms  Exact cause is not known. is are actively E causes of Pre-
& causes of  Suspected to be improper functioning of the placenta. enumerating listening. A eclampsia?
Pre-eclampsia.  High fat and poor nutrition can also be the cause. the F

 It is associated with insufficient blood flow to the symptoms & L

placenta. causes of E

 Genetic factors are involved; family history increases Pre- T

risk eclampsia. S

 Immune function disorders.

 S. TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT ACTIVITIES AV EVALUATION
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4. 10 to enlist the DIAGNOSTIC MODULES: Monitoring for pre-eclampsia The teacher The listeners P What are the
minutes diagnostic should be done throughout pregnancy by measuring blood is listing are making A different
modules of pressure. Laboratory tests are performed when required. down the notes. M diagnoses that
Pre-eclampsia  Blood test: This includes tests for liver function, and diagnostic P could rule out
kidney function and also to measure platelets. modules of H Pre-eclampsia?
 Urine analysis: Urine is collected for 24 hours for Pre- L
analysis. The presence of protein in the urine is eclampsia. E
analyzed. T
 Foetal ultrasound: This is a non-invasive technique S
where the baby’s images are taken and analyzed
using ultrasound waves.
 Nonstress test or biophysical profile: An
ultrasound-based technique to monitor baby's
breathing, muscle tone, movement, and the volume
of amniotic fluid in the uterus.
 S. TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT ACTIVITIES AV EVALUATION
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5. 10 to discuss the PREVENTION: The teacher The listeners C How can one
minutes prevention of  Use little or no added salt in your meals is discussing are actively H prevent Pre-
Pre-eclampsia  Drink 6-8 glasses of water a day the taking part in A eclampsia?

 Avoid fried foods and junk food prevention the R

 Get enough rest of. discussion. T

 Exercise regularly
 Avoid alcohol
 Avoid beverages containing high amounts of caffeine
 S. TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT ACTIVITIES AV EVALUATION
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6. 15 to elaborate on TREATMENT: Medication aims at managing the condition. The teacher The listeners I What are the
minutes the treatment of Severe pre-eclampsia requires hospitalization where the is elaborating are listening M medications that
Pre-eclampsia patient is kept under observation. Labour may be induced on the carefully. A are prescribed in
when the condition is not manageable with medications. treatment of G Pre-eclampsia by
 Antihypertensives: To reduce blood pressure. Pre- E the doctor?
(Losartan. Olmesartan. Telmisartan. Valsartan) eclampsia. S
 Corticosteroids: This improves liver function and
platelet count. It also helps in the maturation of the
baby's lungs. (Betamethasone. Prednisone.
Triamcinolone)
 Anticonvulsants: To prevent seizure, magnesium
sulfate is commonly prescribed. (Acetazolamide.
Carbamazepine. Frisium. Clonazepam)
Foods to eat:
 Calcium-rich food: cheese, milk, yogurt, kale,
Chinese cabbage, broccoli, fruit juice, and cereal
 Eat foods high in vitamin C and E: cantaloupe, kiwi,
whole grains, cabbage, egg yolks, seeds, sardines,
tomatoes, and citrus fruits
 Foods to avoid:
 Processed food that contains refined sugars, caffeine,
or alcohol.
 RECAPITULATION

 What is Pre-eclampsia?

 What are the symptoms of Pre-eclampsia?

 What are the different diagnoses that could rule out Pre-eclampsia?

 How can one prevent Pre-eclampsia?

 What are the medications that are prescribed in Pre-eclampsia by the doctor?

ASSIGNMENT
Write in detail about nursing management of pre-eclampsia.

DATE OF SUBMISSION: 23/11/22.


 SUMMARY

During the session, we learned about Pre-eclampsia, various symptoms, and causes of Pre-eclampsia, various diagnostic modules
for ruling out Pre-eclampsia, its preventions, and treatments.

CONCLUSION

Preeclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy characterized by hypertension and proteinuria of ≥300 mg/day. It is a serious disorder that
may lead to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of preeclampsia and possible management strategies based on
these pathophysiological derangements.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Hindawi, Clinical trial. Pre-eclampsia. (2017, Aug 5). Available at: https://www.hindawi.com/manuscript/submission.
 Pre-eclampsia. (2022, May 08). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preeclampsia.
 Konar Hiralal; DC Dutta’s Textbook of Obstetrics; Jaypee Bother’s Medical Publications; 8th Edition; Preeclampsia, page no. 267.
 Arora Sakshi; Self-Assessment & review Obstetrics; Jaypee Health Science Publisher; 9th Edition; Preeclampsia, page no. 70.