International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)

ISSN (Online): 2319-7064

Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2015): 6.391

Design of Steel Plate Shear Wall with Opening for

Steel Building
Binitha Gopal1, Aiswarya S2
1
Sree Buddha College of Engineering for Women, Alappuzha/Pathanamthitta cluster of APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University,
Ayathil, Elavumthitta P.O, Pathanamthitta-689625
2
Assistant Professor Sree Buddha College of Engineering For Women, Alappuzha/Pathanamthitta cluster of APJ Abdul Kalam
Technological University, Ayathil, Elavumthitta P.O, Pathanamthitta-689625

Abstract: In seismic regions, moment resisting frames, reinforced concrete shear walls or steel bracings are usually used as the lateral
load resisting systems. Steel plate shear walls have been used more and more in the steel structures to resist earthquake and wind
forces. This system offers several advantages as compared to the other usual lateral load resisting systems. The present paper describes
the design of steel plate shear wall with openings for steel building. Here three building frames with different SPSW opening were
analyzed for same loading. Three building frame having (G+3) storey situated in zone III. The analysis of steel plate shear wall and the
building are carried out using Software STAAD. Pro V8i. The main parameters considered in this paper are to compare the seismic
performance of buildings such as; bending moment,shear force, and axial force.

Keywords: Moment resisting frames, Lateral load resisting system, Steel plate shear wall, steel building, STAAD. Pro V8i

1. Introduction its surrounding frame, a new load carrying mechanism will

be developed. An inclined tension field will carry any
In structural engineering, a shear wall is a structural system increase in applied shear load.
composed of braced panels (also known as shear panels) to
counter the effects of lateral load acting on a structure. Wind To maximize the efficiency, strength of the plate, it is
and seismic loads are the most common loads that shear needed to close attention to post buckling capacity of plate.
walls are designed to carry. A steel plate shear wall(SPSW) It is frequently demanded to introduce relatively big opening
consists of steel infill plates bounded by boundary elements. in the steel plate shear walls. These openings reduce the
Its behaviour is analogous to a vertical plate girder shear and energy absorption capacity of the plate. Normally
cantilevered from its base. The SPSW system optimizes large size openings should provided. A steel building with
component performance by taking advantage of the post steel plate shear wall is given in Figure 1.
buckling behaviour of the steel infill panels. An SPW frame
can be idealized as a vertical cantilever plate girder, in
which the steel plates acts as the web, the columns act as the
flanges and the cross beams represent the transverse
stiffeners. A significant number of experimental and
analytical studies have been carried out to establish analysis
and design methods for such lateral resisting systems. As
compared to the Reinforced cement concrete (RCC) the steel
has got some important physical properties like the high
strength per unit weight and ductility. They also exhibit
construction simplicity and fabrication repetition. The steel Figure 1: Steel building with steel plate shear wall
plate shear walls consist of thin vertical steel plates welded
or bolted totheir surrounding columns and beams. These 2. Objectives
panels can be installed in one or more bays in all the stories
of a steel structure. The surrounding frame may be either 1) To analyze the performance of building with steel plate
simple or moment resisting. In order to provide an shear wall containing rectangular large opening in zone
economical design, the thickness of the steel plate is usually III in terms of bending moment, shear forces and axial
reduced. Thin steel plates, having high slenderness ratio and forces.
unavoidable out of-plane imperfections evidently have very 2) To analyze the performance of building for different size
low buckling strength. To improve the buckling limit, it is of openings in steel plate shear walls
generally suggested that longitudinal and transverse
stiffeners stiffen the steel plate seriously. 3. Methodology
When an increasing shear load is applied to the steel plate Methodology employed is equivalent static analysis.
shear wall, equal tensile and compressive stress will be
developed within the plate until its buckling limit. Then the
plate loses its capacity to carry any additional load. At this
stage of post buckling if the plate is adequately connected to

Volume 5 Issue 7, July 2016

www.ijsr.net
Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY
Paper ID: NOV163531 1120
 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN (Online): 2319-7064
Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2015): 6.391
3.1Modelling of Building

Here the study is carried out for the behaviour of G+3

storied steel building frames. Floor height provided as 4m
and also properties are defined for the steel building
modelled in STAAD.Pro V8i software. Here three building
models with different opening aspect ratios are created in
which steel plate shear walls are also provided. It is more
user friendly and versatile program that offers a wide scope
of features like linear dynamic analysis, non- linear static Figure3: Rendered view (Case Study I)
and dynamic analysis etc.

3.1.1 Building Plan and Dimension Details

Case Study I
The Following are the specification of G+3 storied steel
building located in seismic zone III resting on hard soil
type. Here the steel plate shear wall provided with 0.66
aspect ratio. The complete detail of the structure including
modelling concepts is given below:

The complete detail of the structure including modelling

concepts is given below:
 Steel moment resisting building frameG+6 Building
 Plan dimension : 30m x 18m
 Height of each floor : 4m
 Hard Soil Figure 4: Plan of building frame having Aspect Ratio
0.8with shear wall (Case Study II)
 Column Size : ISWB 350
 Beam size : ISWB 350
 Zone III
 Live Load : 5kN/m2
 Shear wall thickness : 6mm
 Openings provided : (2m×2m), (2.2m×2m), (3m×2m)

Case Study II
The following are the specification of G+3 storied steel
building located in seismic zone- III. Here the steel building
having Aspect Ratio 0.8 with shear wall is modelled Figure 5: Rendered view(Case Study II)
 Steel moment resisting building frameG+6 Building Case Study III
 Plan dimension : 30m x 18m The following are the specification of G+3 storied steel
 Height of each floor : 4m building located in seismic zone- III. Here the steel building
 Hard Soil having Aspect Ratio 1.0 with shear wall is modelled.
 Column Size : ISWB 350  Steel moment resisting building frameG+6 Building
 Beam size : ISWB 350  Plan dimension : 30m x 18m
 Zone III  Height of each floor : 4m
 Live Load : 5kN/m2  Hard Soil
 Shear wall thickness : 6mm  Column Size : ISWB 350
 Openingsprovided:(2m×2m),(2.2m×2m), (3m×2m)  Beam size : ISWB 350
 Zone III
 Live Load : 5kN/m2
 Shear wall thickness : 6mm
 Openingsprovided:(2m×2m),(2.2m×2m), (3m×2m)

Figure 2: Plan of building frame having Aspect Ratio 0.66

with shear wall (Case Study I)
Volume 5 Issue 7, July 2016
www.ijsr.net
Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY
Paper ID: NOV163531 1121
 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN (Online): 2319-7064
Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2015): 6.391

Figure 8: Bending moments vs. Building Number

Figure 6: Plan of building frame having Aspect Ratio 1.0
with shear wall (Case Study III)
From Figure 8, it is observed that the bending moments of
the three models are increased from small width opening to
higher width opening and bending moment values are
reduced from lower building aspect ratio to higher building
aspect ratio.

Figure 7: Rendered view (Case Study III)

Load Formulation
The static loads are applied in all structures. Thesteel
buildings are designed for gravity loads and safe under
gravity loads but these buildings are designed for earthquake
loads. Gravity loads and lateral loads are applied as per IS
1893(Part-I) 2002.

3.2 Analysis
Figure 9: Shear force vs. Building type
The three dimensional steel structures with G+3 storied
building with different opening aspect ratios are analyzed From figure 9, it is observed that there are almost equal
using STAAD Pro software. The main code for the analysis values for all openings but the values of shear forces
is IS 1893 (Part I) 2002 and provide the outline for decreased from lower building aspect ratio to higher
calculating seismic design force. The method of analysis building aspect ratio.
used is Equivalent static analysis to calculate bending
moment , shear forces, and axial forces. Among the different
types of analysis, seismic analysis comes forward because of
its optimal accuracy, efficiency and ease of use. Seismic
analysis is done to evaluate the maximum shear force,
bending moment and axial forces. Equivalent Static
Analysis defines a series of forces acting on a building to
represent the effect of earthquake ground motion. .

4. Comparison of Results
From the output of STAAD Pro.software, various results are
obtained. And these results are evaluated by preparing
various graphs.The results of the analysis for steel building
Figure 10: Axial force vs. Building type
with steel plate shear wall of different openings are
represented in the form of bending moments, shear forces
From Figure 10, it is observed that the axial force of the
and axial forces as shown in Figure 8,Figure 9,Figure 10. It
three models are increased from small width opening to
is to compare and find which openings are ecnomical in
higher width opening and bending moment values are
terms of bending moment, shear forces and axial forces
reduced from lower building aspect ratio to higher building
aspect ratio.

Volume 5 Issue 7, July 2016

www.ijsr.net
Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY
Paper ID: NOV163531 1122
 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN (Online): 2319-7064
Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2015): 6.391
5. Conclusions Aiswarya S, Assistent Professor, Department of civil engineering,
Sreebudha college of enhgineering pathanamthitta, APJ Abdul
Kalam Technological University, Kerala. She has obtained her
The steel plate shear wall system presented in the present Bachelor’s degree in Civil Engineering from Caarmel Engineering
study can be used as an effective lateral load resisting College, Perunnad, in the year of 2011. Masters degree in
system in high seismic regions. A finite element model of Structural Engineering from SCMS College oif Engineering,
the structure was subjected to earthquake and was analysed Eranakulam, in the year of 2013
using the equivalent static analysis procedure.. A parametric
study was conducted by considering variety of openings.
This study leads to following conclusions
 As opening aspect ratio increases deflection also
increases.
 Bending moment, share force and axial load increases
with increasing opening aspect ratio.
 Bending moment, share force and axial load decreases
with increasing building aspect ratio.
 It is not economical to provide opening having width more
than height.

6. Future Scope
Linear dynamic analysis, non linear static and dynamic
analysis can also be performed in this work. In the present
study, building is considered in zone-III. It can extend to
other zones.

References
[1] Anita N.Patil and Ajay G. Dahake, “Design of Steel
Plate Shear wall with Opening for Steel
Building”,Journal of Structural Engineering and
Management,Volume 01, Issue 02,2015.
[2] Ugale Ashish B.and RautHarshalataR,”Effect of Steel
Plate Shear Wall on Behavior of
Structure”,International Journal of Civil Engineering
Research, Volume 05, Number 03,2014.
[3] Prof.PrashantTopalakatti andPrabhu M.
Kinagi,”Parametric Study of Steel Frame Building with
and without Steel Plate Shear Wall”,Civil and
Environmental Research,Volume 6, Number 10,2014.
[4] Pundkar R. S and Alandkar P. M ,”Influence of Steel
Plate Shear Wall on Multistorey Steel
Building”,International Journal of Engineering
Research and Applications,Volume 03, Issue 04,2013
[5] D
aniel J. Borello, S.M and Larry A. Fahnestock,”Seismic
Design and Analysis of Steel Plate Shear Walls with
Coupling”,Journal of structural engineering,2013
[6] M
s Deepika C. Hiwraleand Prof. P.S. Pajgade,”Analysis
and Design of steel framed buildings with and without
Steel Plate Shear Walls”,International Journal of
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Authors Profile
Binitha Gopal, P.G student in Computer Aided
Structural Engineering, Department ofCivil
Engineering, Sree Buddha College of Engineering,
APJAbdul Kalam Technological
UniversiKerala.Obtained Btech from Caarmel
Engineering College, Perunnad, under MG University, Kottayam
in the year 2015.

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Paper ID: NOV163531 1123