Inheritance slo # 15

Lecturer : salmana satwat

15.2.5 describe process of DNA replication;
DNA is replicated to make its identical copies .
1. The two strands of dna uncoil to give two
separate strands . (like a zipper )
2. Each strand acts as a template to produce
another strand .
3. New complimentary nucleotides are added .its
N-bases make pairs with the \n-bases of the new
nucleotides .
4. In this way , both template strands make new
polynucleotide strands in front of them .
5. Each template and its new strand together form
a new dna double helix identical to original .
This type of replication is called semi-conservative
model of replication .
 How does the dna of chromosome work ?
There are three types of rna’s
1 messenger rna (mRNA) 2. Transfer rna (tRNA) 3. Ribosomal rna (rRNA )
Dna performs its function of controlling all the activities of body by sending
messages via mRNA by the help f controlling protein synthesis .
mRNA copies the information on the DNA in the form of nucleotide sequence and
takes it outside the nucleus , in the cytoplasm ,to the ribosome . this process is
called transcription .
Then ribosome reads the sequence and joins specific amino acids according to it ,
this process is called translation .
For eg if we want to synthesise protein A the information present on the portion of
dna fr protein A is copied to mRNA and is transferred outside the nucleus ,
ribosomes read the sequence on mRNA and synthesize protein A .the synthesized
protein is used where needed .
This process of
protein
synthesis by
transcription
and translation
is known as
central dogma