Physics 8

Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8

Lesson units for Comp Exam – Native and Common

Lesson Units
Unit-1 Kinematics & Graphing
Unit-2 Dynamics (Forces and Newton’s laws,
including Gravitation)
Unit-3 Work and Energy

O L R
O U
Unit-4 Momentum
Unit-5 Circuits

S C H R B O
A L H A
Learning Objectives:
I O N ANE
A T K L
R N R
Kinematics & Graphing:

T E P A
 Be able to locate values on the vertical axis that correspond to a value on the horizontal axis

N
S I
 Be able to identify the physical quantities measured on each axis

I
BA S
 Be able to calculate the slope of a graph from a graph with numbers and units
 Be able to identify a positive or negative slope by visual inspection
 Be able to calculate the area under the curve of any curve with a constant slope (straight line graphs
only)
 Be able to add graph segments together to find total area under the curve

O L
 Be able to identify the units on the area under the curve
R
H O O U
 Be able to read a position time graph for position values and displacement over time

S C A R B
 Be able to read a velocity time graph for velocity values and to identify constant vs. changing velocity

A L H
N ANE
over time

I O
 Be able to determine whether an object has been displaced from a description of the motion of the

AT K L
N
object

T E R A R
 Be able to calculate the velocity (slope) from a position time graph

P
I N
 Be able to identify the appropriately shaped position time graph given a description of the motion

SI S
 Be able to calculate the displacement of an object using the appropriate kinematics equation

BA
 Be able to determine whether an object is undergoing constant velocity from a description of the motion
 Be able to calculate the acceleration (slope) from a velocity time graph
 Be able to calculate the displacement (area under the curve) from a velocity time graph
 Be able to identify the appropriately shaped velocity time graph given a description of the motion
 Be able to calculate the velocity of an object using the appropriate kinematics equation

O L R
 Be able to identify whether an object is undergoing acceleration from a description of its motion

H O OU
 Be able to read the acceleration of an object from an acceleration time graph

S C R B
 Be able to match the action of the object to the appropriately shaped acceleration time graph
A
A L H
 Be able to calculate the acceleration of an object using the appropriate kinematics equations

I O N ANE
Dynamics (Forces and Newton’s laws, including Gravitation):

AT K L
 Be able to describe gravity as a force that acts towards the center of mass

E R N A R
 Be able to understand conceptually the proportional relationships between the force of gravity, mass

IN T P
and distance between the objects (no calculations will appear on the common exam)

SI S
 Be able to state the definition of inertial mass

BA
 Be able to define inertia and explain how it is related to Newton’s first law.
 Be able to apply Newton’s first law to identify the acceleration state of an object or objects given a
description in words
 Identify the forces acting in a description of a physical situation
 Be able to state Hooke’s law both mathematically and conceptually
 Be able to calculate the spring force or the spring constant given the other two variables
 Be able to calculate the spring constant of a spring from a force extension graph
 Be able to calculate the net force of an object along a single axis
 Be able to identify the correct free body diagram for a given situation

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
 Be able to define static and dynamic equilibrium
 Be able to use a free body diagram to calculate net force and determine equilibrium states
 Be able to identify whether an object is in static or dynamic equilibrium given a description of the
motion
 Be able to identify that an object in equilibrium has zero acceleration

L
 Be able to apply Newton’s second law to a description of a problem to determine the acceleration state
of the object
O O UR

C H R B O
Be able to use a free body diagram to calculate the acceleration of an object

S
L A

H
Be able to identify an action/reaction pair

A
N ANE
Be able to identify an action/reaction pair as acting on two separate objects

T I O L
Contrast action/reaction pairs and balanced forces
Energy:

R N A R K
T E P A
 Be able to state the full definition of work

N
I S I
 Be able to describe the relationship between work and direction

BA S
 Be able to calculate work done with a theta of 0 degrees, 180 degrees or 90 degrees
 Be able to define total energy
 Be able to define mechanical energy
 Be able to identify PE and KE as types of mechanical energies
 Be able to identify the total mechanical energy in a situation given the description

O L R
 Be able to identify gravitational potential energy in a situation given an appropriate reference point

H O
 Be able to calculate gravitational potential energy
O U
 Be able to define spring potential energy
S C A R B
A L H
N ANE
 Be able to identify whether an object possesses kinetic energy in a situation

I O
 Be able to calculate spring potential energy from a description of a situation

AT
 Be able to calculate kinetic energy
K L
E R N A R
 Be able to apply conservation of energy to isolated systems to be able to identify the relative amount of

I N T P
mechanical energy at each point in the system

SI S
 Be able to state what types of energy transformations are occurring in a given situation

BA
 Be able to state when the conservation of energy law does not apply
 Be able to apply the work energy theorem to a given situation (i.e. identify that an increase in KE meant
positive work was applied)
 Be able to calculate/describe the changes in potential, kinetic or spring energies in an isolated system
with changes in the others.

O L R
 Be able to calculate or describe the amount of energy change in the system given the amount of work
done or vice versa)
H O OU
Momentum:
S C A R B
A L
 Be able to define momentum mathematically
H
I O N ANE
 Be able to calculate momentum for a single object, or a system of objects

AT L
 Be able to calculate the change in momentum for a single object
K
E R N A R
 Be able to compare the momenta of two objects.

IN T P
 Be able to apply conservation of momentum to any closed system

I S
 Be able to distinguish between an elastic and inelastic collision
S
BA
 Be able to mathematically analyze a 2 object collision of either type (given all but one variable)
Circuits:
 Be able to construct a circuit diagram including the symbols for batteries, bulbs, resistors, and switches
to represent a real circuit.
 Be able to state Ohm's law
 Be able to use Ohm’s law to calculate any of the three quantities.
 Be able to use Ohm's law to calculate any quantity.
 Be able to apply Ohm's law to any series circuit and simple parallel circuits
 Be able to define current and calculate current as charge per unit time

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
 Be able to define resistance and voltage.
 Understand how resistance is related to thickness or length of a wire.
 Be able to construct a VIR chart from a circuit diagram (three or fewer components)
 Be able to differentiate total resistance from the individual resistance of each component.
 Be able to find equivalent resistances in series and in parallel and use them to analyze a circuit.

L
Unit-1_Kinematics & Graphing

O O UR
S C H B O
1. A person left their house at 8:00 am, drove 120 km to their destination, and arrived at 10:00 am. The person then

R
L A
left their destination at 1:00 pm and returned along the same route back to their house, arriving at 5:00 pm.

A
N ANE H
What was there average velocity for the driving portion of the trip?
a) 0 km/hr
T I O L
b) 26.7 km/hr

R N A R K
T E P A
c) 40 km/hr
d) 50 km/hr

I S I N
S
2. Choose the best answer: Velocity and acceleration have the same direction. This statement is:

BA
a) Always true
b) Sometimes true
c) Always false
d) True when the object decelerates

O L
3. A car is moving east and slowing down, what directions are his velocity and acceleration?
a) His velocity is west, his acceleration is west
O UR
b) His velocity is west, his acceleration is east

S C H R B O
L A
c) His velocity is east, his acceleration is west

A
N ANE
d) His velocity is east, his acceleration is east
H
T I O L
4. Two objects, one with a mass of 5 kg and the other with a mass of 10 kg, are dropped at the same time from a

N A K
bridge over water. Compared to the 5 kg object, the 10 kg object will have:

R R
T E P A
a) ¼ the velocity when they hit the water

I N
b) ½ the velocity when they hit the water

SI S
c) The same velocity when they hit the water

BA
d) Twice the velocity when they hit the water
5. The position-time graph below represents the motion of
South's basketball coach during the last sixteen
seconds of overtime during this past weekend's game.
Use the graph to answer the next several questions.
O L R
H O OU
C B
a) Determine the total distance walked by the coach

L S A R
A H
during these 16 seconds.

I O N ANE
b) Determine the resulting displacement of the coach during these 16 seconds.

AT K L
N R
c) Determine the displacement of the coach after 12.0 seconds.

T E R P A
IN
d) At what time did the coach have the greatest displacement from his starting position?

SI S
e) What was the fastest speed, which the coach walked during any of the time intervals for the last 16.0

BA
seconds?
f) What was the average speed of the coach for these 16.0 seconds?
6. The velocity-time graph below represents the last six seconds of motion Tia’s car
Use this graph to determine
a) the acceleration of Tia’s car.
b) the distance traveled during her last 6.0 seconds of motion.

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
7. Tim is driving his friends to school. With the start of school being only minutes away, he is unfortunately following a
slow garbage truck. The truck finally turns down a side street and Tim accelerates to a much more customary
speed. The velocity-time graph below represents his motion.
Use the graph to answer the following questions.
a) How fast was Marcus traveling while following the garbage
O L R
H O O U
C B
truck?

L S A R
A H
b) Determine the distance traveled during the first 4.0 seconds
represented on the graph.
I O N ANE
A T K L
N
c) Determine the acceleration of the car once the garbage truck turned onto the side street.

T E R P A R
d) Determine the distance traveled by the car during the last 6.0 seconds of motion.

I S I N
S
8. For which one of the following motions is the object’s displacement different from the distance traveled?

BA
a) A football coach paces back and forth along the sidelines.
b) The plane moves form a low speed to a high speed along the runway.
c) Jeremy darts straight down the hallway at a constant speed.

O L R
9. For which one of the following motions is the object’s displacement the same as the distance that it travels?

H O O U
C B
a) Mr. R’s lawn mower made a straight path (perfectly) across the edge of the lawn.

L S A R
A H
b) Sheila made one complete loop around the racetrack.

I O N ANE
c) The painter climbed up the ladder and then back down to the floor.

AT K L
N R
10. Which of the following objects has an average velocity of 0 m/s?

T E R P A
N
a) A truck skids to a stop along a straight section of highway.

I S I
S
b) A runner makes one complete lap around the track at a constant speed.

BA
c) Suzie walks one block north, turns left and walks one block west.
11. Which one of the following characteristics is true of all accelerating objects?
a) Accelerating objects are moving very fast.

L
b) Accelerating objects are moving in a straight line.
c) Accelerating objects are moving in a circle.
O O U R
S C H R B O
A
d) Accelerating objects are changing their velocity.

A L H
N ANE
12. Objects that are speeding up are said to be _____.

T I O L
A
a) accelerating

R N A R K
E
b) accelerating (but only if moving along a curved path)

IN T P
S
c) accelerating (but only if moving along a straight line)

SI
BA
13. An object has an acceleration that is directed opposite of its motion. What is true of the object?

a) It is moving in a circle. b) It is moving vertically. c)It is slowing down. d) It is

speeding up. e) It is moving at a constant speed.

14. An object is moving east with a constant speed of 30 m/s for 5 seconds. What is the object’s acceleration?
a) 0 m/s/s b) 6 m/s/s
c) 30 m/s/s d) 150 m/s/s

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
15. Which one of the following statements is true of an object that has an acceleration of 6 m/s 2?
a) The object changes its velocity by 6 m/s.
b) The object moves with a constant speed of 6 m/s. +

velocity
c) The object changes its velocity by 6 m/s each second. time
d) The object moves a distance of 6 meters each second.
O L R
H O O U
C B
16. What does the slope of the line on a position-time plot describe about an object’s motion?

L S A R
A H
a) It describes the acceleration value.

I O
b) It describes how far the object has moved.
N ANE
A T K L
N
c) It describes how much time that object has been moving.

T E R P A R
d) It describes how fast and in what direction the object is moving.

I S I N
S
17. Consider the plot shown at the right. Which of the motions is consistent with the graph?

BA
a) The object is moving to the right and speeding up.
b) The object is moving to the left and speeding up.
c) The object is moving to the right and slowing down.
d) The object is moving to the left and slowing down.
O L R
H O O U
C B
18. Consider the plot shown at the right. Which description below is consistent

L S A R
A H
with the graph?

I O N ANE
a) The object moves at a constant speed and then speeds up in the positive

AT K L
N R
direction.

T E R P A
N
b) The object moves horizontally and then moves up a hill at a constant speed.

I S I
S
c) The object is at rest and then moves in the positive direction at a constant speed.
19.
BA
Consider the plot shown at the right. Which description below is consistent with the graph?
a) The object moves slowly at a constant speed and then faster at a constant
speed.

L
b) The object accelerates in the positive direction and then accelerates more
rapidly.
O O U R
S C H R B O
A
c) The object moves forward, changes direction and then accelerates more rapidly.

A L H
N ANE
20. What does the slope of the line on a velocity-time plot describe about an object’s motion?

T I O L
A
a) It describes the acceleration value.

R N A R K
E
b) It describes how far the object has moved.

IN T P
S
c) It describes how much time that object has been moving.

SI
BA
d) It describes how fast and in what direction the object is moving.
21. Consider the graph shown at the right. Which of the motions is consistent with the
graph? +
velocity

a) The object moves with a constant speed in the positive direction. time

b) The object moves in the positive direction, accelerating from rest to high speed.
c) The object has a changing acceleration, from a low acceleration to a high acceleration.
22. Consider the plot shown at the right. Which of the motions is consistent with the graph?

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
a) The object is at rest for the entire time.
b) The object is moving in the positive direction with a constant speed and a large acceleration.
c) The object is moving in the positive direction with a constant speed and no acceleration.

L
23. A scalar is a quantity that is fully described by ____.
a) magnitude alone
O O UR
b) both its magnitude and its direction
S C H R B O
A L H A
N ANE
c) both its displacement and its velocity
d) both its distance and its speed
T I O L
R N A R K
E A
24. A vector is a quantity that is fully described by ____.

I N T
a) both its magnitude and its direction
P
S I S
BA
b) magnitude alone
c) both its distance and its speed
d) both its displacement and its velocity

L
25. In terms of their definitions, an essential difference between velocity and speed is that ____.
a) speed is a scalar and velocity is a vector
O O UR
b) velocity is a scalar and speed is a vector
S C H R B O
A L H A
N ANE
c) velocity is a large number and speed is a small number

T I O L
A
d) speed has a direction and velocity has no direction

R N A R K
E
26. If a football player runs 40-meters in 5 seconds, then what is his average speed in m/s?

I N T P
S
27. If a plane averages a speed of 200 km/h, then how much time (in hours) will it take to travel a distance of 800

SI
BA
km?
28. The velocity–time graph for an accelerating object that is traveling in a straight line is shown below.

O L R
H O OU
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
Which of the following is the change in displacement of the object in the first 5.0 seconds?

AT K L
N
a)25.0 m
b) 12.5 m
T E R P A R
I S IN
S
c) 5.0 m

BA
d) 1.0 m

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
29. rightward-moving car accelerates from 0 m/s to 75 m/s in 5 s. Determine the magnitude of the average
acceleration.

30. Determine the slope (in m/s) of the following graph.

L
Include a numerical answer accurate to the second decimal place.
If negative, include the - sign.
O O UR
S C H R B O
A L H A
N ANE
31. The motion of an object is depicted by the position-time graph below.

T I O L
Determine the velocity (in m/s) of the object during the first four seconds.

R N A R K
N T E P A
I S I
BA S
32. An ice-hockey puck is slid along ice in a straight line. The puck travels at a steady speed of 20 ms–1 and

L
experiences no frictional force. How far does the puck travel in 2.5 s?
a) 5 m
O O UR
b) 8 m
S C H R B O
A L H A
N ANE
c) 25 m

T I O L
A
d) 50 m

R N A R K
E
The velocity as a function of time of a moving object is presented by this graph. Use this graph for the following 33-38

I N T P
S
questions.

SI
BA

O L R
H O OU
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
AT K L
E R N A R
IN T P
SI S
BA
33. What is the acceleration of the object between 0 s and 2 s?
a) 0 m/s2
b) 1 m/s2
c) 2 m/s2
d) 3 m/s2
e) 4m/s2

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
34. What is the acceleration of the object between 2 s and 6 s?
a) 0 m/s2
b) 1 m/s2
c) 2 m/s2
d) 3 m/s2
e) 4m/s2

O L R
H O O U
B
35. What is the magnitude of acceleration of the object between 6 s and 10 s?

L S C A R
H
a) 0 m/s2

A
N ANE
I O
b) 1 m/s2

A T K L
N
c) 2 m/s2
d) 3 m/s2
T E R P A R
I S I N
S
e) 4m/s2

BA
36. How far from the origin does the object move in first 2 s?
a) 4 m
b) 16 m
c) 20 m
O L R
H O O U
C B
d) 28 m

L S A R
A H
e) 36 m

I O N ANE
37. How far from the origin does the object move in first 6 s?

AT K L
N R
a) 4 m

T E R P A
N
b) 16 m

I S I
S
c) 20 m
d) 28 m
e) 36 m
BA
38. How far from the origin does the object move in first 10 s?

L
a) 4 m
b) 16 m
O O U R
S C H R B O
A
c) 20 m

A L H
N ANE
d) 28 m

T I O L
A
e) 36 m

R N A R K
E
39. Joseph runs along a long straight track. The variation of his speed v with time t is shown below.

IN T P
SI S
BA

After 25 seconds Joseph has run 200 m. Which of the following is correct at 25 seconds?

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8

O L R
H O O U
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
T L
The following graph represents the position as a function of time for a moving object. Use this graph to answer the
following two questions.

R N A R K
N T E P A
I S I
BA S

O L R
H O O U
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
AT K L
N R
40. Which of the following is true?

T E R P A
N
A. The object increases its velocity

I S I
B. The object decreases its velocity

BA S
C. The object’s velocity stays unchanged
D. The object stays at rest
E. More information is required

41. What is the velocity of the object?

L
A. 4 m/s B. 20 m/s C. 8 m/s D. 40 m/s E. 5 m/s

O O U R
S C H R B O
The following graph represents the position as a function of time of a moving object. Use this graph to answer the
following two questions.
A L H A
I O N ANE
AT K L
E R N A R
IN T P
SI S
BA

42. What is the initial position of the object?

A. 2 m B. 4 m C. 6 m D. 8 m E. 10 m

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
43. What is the velocity of the object?
A. 2 m/s B. 4 m/s C. 6 m/s D. 8 m/s E. 10 m/s

Use the following graph to answer Questions 44-49

O L R
H O O U
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
A T K L
R N A R
44. Which object(s) is(are) maintaining its state of motion?

E
a) A
I N T P
b) B
S I S
BA
c) C
d) D
e) E

L
45. Which object(s) is(are) accelerating?
a) A
O O UR
b) B

S C H R B O
L A
c) C
d) D
A
N ANE H
e) E
T I O L
R N A R K
E A
46. Which object(s) is(are) not moving?
a) A
I N T P
b) B
SI S
BA
c) C
d) D
e) E

47. Which object(s) change(s) its direction?

a) A
O L R
b) B
H O OU
c) C
S C A R B
d) D
A L H
e) E

I O N ANE
AT K L
N
48. Which accelerating object has the smallest acceleration?
a) A
T E R P A R
b) B

I S IN
c)
d)
BA
C
D S
e) E

49. Which object has the greatest velocity?

a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
Unit-2_Dynamics

50. Which of the following is true about an object in equilibrium:

a) No forces are acting on the object.
b) The sum of all forces acting on the object is zero

L
c) The object is changing its velocity
d) It has an acceleration which is not zero

O O UR
C H B O
51. A car of mass 1000 kg accelerates on a straight, flat, horizontal road with an acceleration a = 0.3 m s−2. The

L S A R
driving force F on the car is opposed by a resistive force of 500 N.
The net (resultant) force on the car is
A
N ANE H
T I O
a) 200 N.
b) 300 N.

N A K L
c) 500 N.

T E R P A R
I N
d) 800 N.

S I S
52. For an object with a constant net force different to zero:

BA
a) Its acceleration is inversely proportional to the net force
b) Its acceleration is proportional to mass
c) Its acceleration is inversely proportional to mass
d) Its acceleration must be zero

L
53. Which of the following is true about a normal force:
a) It is always equal to weight
O O UR
b) It is the force applied by Earth on the object

S C H R B O
L A
c) It is the force applied on the object by a surface
d) It is never equal to the weight
A
N ANE H
T I O L
54. A car crashes into a truck, exerting a force of 1000 N on it. If the truck has twice as much mass as the car, what

N A R K
magnitude of force is exerted on the car by the truck?

R
T E P A
a) 0 N
b) 500 N

I S I N
S
c) 1000 N

BA
d) 2000 N
55. A cross-country skier slides east across the cold tundra. In which direction is the friction force acting on her?
a) North
b) South
c) East
d) West
O L R
H O
56. In which of the following scenarios does a normal force exist?
OU
a) A pendant hangs on the end of a necklace
S C A R B
b) A bird flies horizontally through the air
A L H
c) A runner speeds up during a road race

I O N ANE
AT
d) A spaceship travels at a constant velocity

K L
R N R
57. Newton's Third Law of Motion says that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Why don't these

E A
IN T P
action-reaction forces cancel each other out?

I S
a) They are not in opposite directions.

BA S
b) They are not equal.
c) They act on different objects.
d) They are perpendicular to each other.
58. Sophia, who’s mass is 50 kg, experienced a net force of 1800 N at the bottom of a roller coaster loop during her
school’s physics field trip to the local amusement park. Determine Sophia's acceleration at this location.

59. Determine the net force required to accelerate a 540-kg ultralight car from 0 to 27 m/s in 10.0 seconds.

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
60. Ethan is dragging a bag of grass from the garage to the street on the evening before garbage pick-up day. The
diagram at the right is a free-body diagram. It uses arrows to represent the forces acting upon the bag. Each
force is labeled according to type. The magnitude of the force is represented by the
size of the arrow. Use the free body diagram to determine the net force acting
upon the bag. The values of the individual forces are:
O L R
H O O U
C B
Fgrav = Fnorm = 60.5 N, Fapp = 40.2 N, Ffrict = 5.7 N.

L S A R
A H
61. A rope is used to pull a 3-kg bucket of water out of a deep well.

I O N ANE
What is the acceleration of the bucket when the tension in the rope is 30 N?

A T K L
N
If starting from rest, what speed will bucket have after experiencing this force for 2 second?

T E R P A R
62. What property of an object describes its natural tendency to resist an acceleration?

I S I N
S
a) Weight b) unbalanced force

BA
c) Inertia d) Shape
63. Which one of the following quantities describes an object’s tendency to resist a change in its state of motion?
a) Volume of the object.
b) Mass of the object.
O L R
H O O U
C B
c) Force exerted by an object

L S A R
A H
64. Which of the following is ALWAYS true of an object that is acted upon by an unbalanced force?
a) The object is at rest.
I O N ANE
AT K L
N R
b) The object is moving.

T E R P A
N
c) The object is accelerating.

I S I
S
d) The object has a constant velocity value.

a) at rest
BA
65. If the forces acting upon an object are balanced, then one can be certain that the object is _____.
b) moving
c) not accelerating d) moving with a constant speed

L
66. An object experiences a rightward force of 5 N, a leftward force of 3 N, an upward force of 10 N and a downward

O O U R
force of 10 N. Which one of the following conclusions can be made about the object’s motion?

S C H R B O
A
a) It will accelerate.

A L H
N ANE
b) If it is at rest, then it will stay at rest.

T I O L
A
c) If it is moving, then it will slow down.

R N A R K
E
67. How much force is required to keep a 2-kg object moving to the right with a constant speed of 6.0 m/s?

IN T P
S
a) 0 N b) 0.33 N

SI
BA
c) 3.0 N d) 12.0 N
68. An object is moving to the right with a constant speed. What can be concluded about the forces acting upon the
object?
a) There is a rightward force but no leftward force.
b) There are only vertical forces acting upon the object.
c) There is a stronger rightward force than the leftward force.
d) All the individual forces acting upon the object are balanced.

Page 12 of 25
Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
69. An elevator is supported by a cable and moving upward through the elevator shaft at a constant speed. How
does the upward tension force compare to the downward force of gravity?
a) The upward tension force is stronger than the downward force of gravity.
b) The downward force of gravity is stronger than the upward tension force.

O L
c) The tension force and the force of gravity are of equal strength.
R
H O O U
C B
70. Which of the following can be explained using Newton’s second law of motion?

L S A R
A H
a) It explains why a stationary object remains stationary.

I O N ANE
b) It explains why every force is accompanied by a reaction force.

A T K L
N
c) It explains why an object accelerates with a particular acceleration value.

T E R P A R
71. A rightward moving object is speeding up. Which of the following statements correctly describes the forces

I S I N
S
acting upon the object?

BA
a) The leftward force is stronger than the rightward force.
b) The rightward force is stronger than the leftward force.
c) The rightward force is equal in strength to the leftward force.

O L R
O U
Consider the following situation: A book is at rest upon the table.

S C H R B O
A L H A
72. Identify which of the listed forces are exerted upon the object. Select all that apply.
a) Force of gravity
I O N ANE
b) Normal force

AT K L
N R
c) Friction force d) Tension force

T E R P A
I N
Consider the following situation: A force is exerted to push an object to the right at constant speed

SI S
BA
73. Identify which of the listed forces are exerted upon the object. Select all that apply.
a) Force of gravity b) Normal force
c) Friction force d) Tension force e) Applied force

L
74. An object has an acceleration of 12.0 m/s/s. The net force acting on the object is doubled while the mass of the

O O
object is held constant. What will be the new acceleration?
U R
a) 2.0 m/s/s
S C H
b) 6.0 m/s/s
R B O
A L H A
N ANE
c) 14.0 m/s/s d) 24.0 m/s/s

T I O L
75. A rightward force of 30.0 N is applied to a 5.0-kg object to accelerate it across a horizontal surface. The object

R N A R K
E A
encounters 20.0 N of friction. What is the object's acceleration?
a) 2.0 m/s2
IN T P b) 4.0 m/s2

SI S
BA
c) 6.0 m/s2 d) 10.0 m/s2
76. A physics student sits in a chair. The chair pushes up on the student's body. Identify the other force of the
interaction force pair.
a) The student's body pushes down on the Earth.
b) The Earth pulls down on the student's body.
c) The student's body pulling up on the Earth.
d) The student's body pushing down on the chair.

Page 13 of 25
Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
77. Joel and Marissa are on skates on an icy pond. They are facing each other with their hands touching. They then
push away from each other with their hands. The force of Joel pushing upon Marissa is equal to _____.
a) the force of the floor pushing upon Marissa
b) the force of air resistance (air drag) upon Joel
c) the force of the floor pushing upon Joel
O L R
H O O U
C B
d) the force of Marissa pushing upon Joel

L S A R
A H
78. Which of the following statements describe the essential difference between the mass and the weight of an
object?
I O N ANE
A T K L
N
a) Mass is a metric quantity and weight is not a metric quantity.

T E R P A R
b) Mass is measured in newton and weight is measured in pounds.

I S I N
S
c) Mass refers to the size of an object and weight refers to the density of the object.

BA
d) Mass refers to the amount of stuff an object possesses and weight is the force of gravity.

79. A force of 16 N is required to stretch a spring a distance of 40 cm from its rest position. What force (in newton) is
required to stretch the same spring …

O L R
U
a) Twice the distance?

H O B O
C R
b) Three times the distance?

L S H A
A
c) One-half the distance?

I O N ANE
T
80. What is the physical significance of the spring constant?

N A K L
T E R P A R
81. A block of 2 kg is placed on the floor. The coefficient of static friction is 0.4. A force

S
of 2.5 N is applied

I I N
BA S
on the block. Calculate the force of friction between the bock and the surface.
82. A block of weight 20 N is placed on a horizontal table and Tension, T which can be
increased to 8N before the block begins to slide, is applied
at the block as shown. A force of 4N keeps the block moving

O L R
at constant speed once it has been set in motion. Find the coefficient of static and

H O OU
C B
kinetic friction.

L S A R
A H
83. Two springs are having spring constant k1 and k2 (<k1).
a) Compare their stiffness.
I O N ANE
AT L
b) If the same force is being applied to both the springs then compare the extension produced in the
K
springs.

E R N A R
IN T P
84. The centres of two planets are separated by a distance R. The gravitational force between the two planets is F.

I S
What will be the force between the planets when their separation increases to 3R?

a)
BA S
b)
c) F
d) 3F

Page 14 of 25
Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
85.

O L R
H O O U
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
A T K L
E R N A R
T P
86.

I S I N
BA S

O L R
H O O U
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
AT K L
E R N A R
87.

I N T P
SI S
BA

O L R
H O OU
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
AT K L
88. Two spherical objects have masses of 24,000 kg and 500,000 kg. Their centers are separated by a distance of 25

E R N
m. Note: G=6.67408 × 10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2.
A R
IN T P
a) Find the gravitational attraction between them.

SI S
BA
b) Find the acceleration of the 24,000 kg sphere.

89. A 7 kg block is sliding down a 25º incline with an acceleration of 1 m/s2.

a) Draw a FBD. Include all three forces.

b) What is the magnitude of the normal force?

c) What is the magnitude of the frictional force

Page 15 of 25
Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
Unit-3_Work and Energy
90. Which of the following will increase the kinetic energy of a moving object the most:
a) Decreasing its speed by half and double the mass
b) Decreasing its mass by half and double the speed
c) Double the mass and keep speed the same

L
d) Double the speed and keep mass the same
91.

O O UR
When there is no external work done on a moving object, the total mechanical energy:

C H B O
a) Must be conserved
b) It will become zero after a long time
L S A R
c) It will be transformed to heat
A
N ANE H
T I O
d) It will be conserved only if there is no friction
92.

N A K L
A 100 kg brick is dropped from a height of 10 m. Calculate the work that has been done by gravity on the brick

T E R A R
from the moment it is dropped until it hits the ground.

P
I N
a) 9800 J
b) 1000 J
S I S
BA
c) 98 J
d) 980 J
93. A spring is stretched from its equilibrium position to a position x, resulting in an amount of elastic potential
energy E. The spring is then stretched from position x to position 2x. How much additional energy was gained?

L
a) E
b) 2E
O O UR
c) 3E

S C H R B O
L A
d) 4E
94.
A
N ANE H
Raveena is out with her friends. Misfortune occurs and Raveena and her friends find themselves getting a

T I O L
A
workout. They apply a cumulative force of 1000 N to push the car 250 m to the nearest fuel station. Determine

R N A R K
E
the work done on the car.

I N T P
S
95. Lamar Gant, U.S. powerlifting star, became the first man to dead lift five times his own body weight in 1985.

SI
BA
Deadlifting involves raising a loaded barbell from the floor to a position above the head with outstretched arms.
Determine the work done by Lamar in deadlifting 300 kg to a height of 0.90 m above the ground.
96. During the Powerhouse lab, Jessica runs up the stairs, elevating her 60 kg body a vertical distance of 2.5 meters
in a time of 2 seconds at a constant speed.

O L R
a) Determine the work done by Jessica in climbing the staircase.

H O OU
C B
b) Determine the power generated by Jessica.

L S A R
A H
97. A new conveyor system at the local packaging plant will utilize a motor-powered mechanical arm to exert an

I O N ANE
T
average force of 900 N to push large crates a distance of 10 meters in 20 seconds. Determine the power output

N A K L
R
required of such a motor.

T E R P A
IN
98. A bicycle has a kinetic energy of 100 J. What kinetic energy would the bicycle have if it had …

SI S
a) … twice the mass and was moving at the same speed?

BA
b) … the same mass and was moving with twice the speed?
c) … one-half the mass and was moving with twice the speed?
d) … the same mass and was moving with one-half the speed?
e) … three times the mass and was moving with one-half the speed?
99. A 80-kg skydiver has a speed of 60 m/s at an altitude of 1000 m above the ground.
a) Determine the kinetic energy possessed by the skydiver.

Page 16 of 25
Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
b) Determine the potential energy possessed by the skydiver.
c) Determine the total mechanical energy possessed by the skydiver.
100. Li Ping, the esteemed Chinese ski jumper, has a mass of 60 kg. He is moving with a speed of
20 m/s at a height of 50 meters above the ground. Determine the total mechanical energy of Li Ping.
101.
O L R
Tina (m=56.2 kg) is traveling at a speed of 10 m/s at the top of a 20-m high roller coaster

H O O U
C B
loop.

L S A R
A H
a) Determine Tina’s kinetic energy at the top of the loop.

I O N ANE
b) Determine Tina’s potential energy at the top of the loop.

A T K L
N
c) Assuming negligible losses of energy due to friction and air resistance, determine Tina’s total mechanical

T E R P A
energy at the bottom of the loop (h=0 m).R
I S I N
S
d) Determine Tina’s speed at the bottom of the loop.

BA
102. Which statement best describes a free-falling object?
a) It is an object that is under the sole influence of gravity.
b) It is an object that is falling with a terminal velocity.

O L
c) It is any object that is having a skydiving-like experience.
R
H O O U
C B
d) It is a person that is excused from paying their gravity bill.

L S A R
A H
103. One can be certain that an object is undergoing free fall if they observe that _____.
a) it is falling
I O N ANE
AT K L
N R
b) it is falling fast

T E R P A
N
c) it is falling from a high position

I S I
S
d) it is falling with an acceleration of 9.8 m/s2.

BA
104. Consider the dot diagrams at the right. Which diagram is consistent with the motion of a free-falling object?

A B C

O L R
H O OU
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
AT K L
E R N A R
IN T P
SI S
BA
105. What does the acceleration of gravity refer to?
a) The acceleration of gravity is the force of gravity that acts upon an object.
b) The acceleration of gravity refers to the speed with which an object falls.
c) The acceleration of gravity refers to the acceleration of a free falling object.
d) The acceleration of gravity refers to the time that it takes an object to fall.

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
106. How does the free fall acceleration of a ball dropped from rest compare to the free fall acceleration of a ball
that is thrown upward?
a) The ball that is thrown upward will have the smaller free fall acceleration.
b) The two balls will have the same free fall acceleration.

L
c) The ball that is thrown upward will have the greater free fall acceleration

O O UR
H O
107. Which phrase best defines the term energy?

S C A R B
L
a) Energy is the ability to do work.
b) Energy is the force and object can exert.
A
N ANE H
T I O L
c) Energy is the amount of matter present in an object.

N A R K
d) Energy is the amount of heat an object can give off.

R
T E P A
108. Which is the best definition of the term kinetic energy?

I N
a) Kinetic energy is the energy due to motion.

I S
S
b) Kinetic energy is the work that an object does.

BA
c) Kinetic energy is the energy due to temperature.
d) Kinetic energy is the energy stored in an object due to vertical position (height).
109. Which statement is always true of an object that has kinetic energy?
a) The object is at rest.

O L
b) The object is moving.
c) The object is on the ground.
O UR
d) The object is moving on the ground.

S C H R B O
e) The object is moving through the air.

A L H A
N ANE
110. What factors does the kinetic energy of an object depend upon?

T I O L
A K
a) mass and volume b) mass and height

E R N A R
T P
c) force and distance d) mass and speed

I S I N
S
111. An object is moving horizontally at a constant speed. Which one of the following statements is true of the object?

BA
a) Its kinetic energy is constant.
b) Its kinetic energy is increasing.
c) Its kinetic energy is decreasing.
112. An object of mass 2kg is thrown vertically downwards with an initial kinetic energy of 100J. What is the distance
fallen by the object at the instant when its kinetic energy has doubled?
a) 2.5m
O L R
H O OU
b) 5.0m

S C R B
c) 10m
d) 14m
A L H A
O N ANE
113. What does the gravitational potential energy of an object depend upon?
a) The object mass and speed.

AT I L
b) The object mass and volume.
R N A R K
T E P
c) The object mass and height above the ground.

S IN
d) The object height and temperature.

I
BA S
114. A car is driving up a steep hill at a constant speed. Which one of the following statements is true of the car?
a) Its potential energy is constant.
b) Its potential energy is increasing.
c) Its potential energy is decreasing.
115. A roller coaster car is moving upward towards the top of a loop and slowing down. Which one of the following
statements is true of the roller coaster car?
a) Both its kinetic energy and its potential energy are decreasing.
b) Its kinetic energy is increasing and its potential energy is decreasing.
c) Its kinetic energy is decreasing and its potential energy is increasing.
d) Its kinetic energy is increasing and its potential energy is constant.

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
e) Its kinetic energy is constant and its potential energy is increasing.
116. The total mechanical energy possessed by an object is equal to ____.
a) its kinetic energy
b) its potential energy
c) its kinetic energy plus potential energy

L
d) its kinetic energy minus potential energy

O O UR
117. A rightward force acts upon an object that is moving to the right. Such a force does _____.

C H B O
a) positive work
b) negative work
L S A R
c) no work at all
A
N ANE H
T I O
118. A rightward force of 4.0 N is exerted upon a 2.0-kg object for a distance of 3.0 meters. What is the work done on
the object?
N A K L
T E R P A R
N
a) 1.5 Joule b) 2.0 Joule

I S I
S
c) 6.0 Joule d) 8.0 Joule

BA
e) 12.0 Joule

119. The rate at which work is done is referred to as _____.

L
a) energy b) potential energy

O O UR
H O
c) momentum d) power

S C A R B
L
120. Machine A and Machine B are doing the same task. Machine A does it in 10 seconds and Machine B does in in 20

A
N ANE H
seconds. Which statement accurately compares Machine A and Machine B?

T I
a) Machine A is twice as powerful as Machine B.
O L
N A K
b) Machine B is twice as powerful as Machine A.

T E R P A R
c) It is impossible to compare the power of the two machines based on this information.

I N
121. Which one of the statements is ALWAYS true of an object that conserves its mechanical energy?

SI S
a) Neither its kinetic nor its potential energy undergo a change.

BA
b) The sum of its kinetic and potential energy remains constant.
c) Its kinetic energy remains a constant value; its potential energy may or may not change.
d) Its potential energy remains a constant value; its kinetic energy may or may not change.
122. A laboratory cart of mass 500 g is moving on a frictionless horizontal surface with a constant speed of 2m/s. It
collides with the spring of force constant 100 N/m, whose other end is fixed. Calculate the maximum compression
produced in the spring due to the impact of moving cart.
O L R
H O OU
S C R B
123. A cart has 400 J of potential energy and 200 J of kinetic energy at one point on a steep hill. How much kinetic

A
A L
energy will the cart has at the bottom of the hill?
H
I O N ANE
T
a) 200 J b) 300 J

N A K L
R R
c) 400 J d) 600 J

T E P A
IN
Unit-4_Momentum

SI S
124. Which of the following is true about impulse:

BA
a) It is equal to the change of momentum of an object
b) It is equal to the change of velocity of an object
c) It is equal to the change in kinetic energy of an object
d) It is equal to acceleration
125. Which of the following is true about collisions:
a) Momentum is always conserved
b) Energy is always conserved
c) Momentum is never conserved
d) Energy is only conserved in inelastic collisions

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
126. A bicycle has a momentum of 24 kg•m/s. What momentum would the bicycle have if it were …
a)… twice the mass and was moving at the same speed?
b) … the same mass and was moving with twice the speed?
c) … one-half the mass and was moving with twice the speed?
d) … the same mass and was moving with one-half the speed?
O L R
H O O U
C B
e)… three times the mass and was moving with one-half the speed?

L S A R
A H
f) … three times the mass and was moving with twice the speed?

I O N ANE
127. Two cars approach each other in opposite directions and collide. They stop upon impact. What kind of collision is
this?
A T K L
a) Elastic

E R N A R
b) Static

I N T P
I S
c) Inelastic

BA S
d) Kinetic
128. A 40.0-kg object has an eastward momentum of 360 kg•m/s. The object encounters a westward impulse of 120
N•s. What is the magnitude of the final momentum of the object?
a) 6.0 kg•m/s

L
b) 9.0 kg•m/s

O UR
c) 240 kg•m/s
d) 280 kg•m/s
H O B O
e) 480 kg•m/s
L S C A R
A
N ANE H
129. A 4.0-kg ball is thrown towards a wall with a speed of 6.0 m/s. The ball hits the wall and rebounds backwards

T I O
with a speed of 2.0 m/s. What is the magnitude of the impulse experienced by the ball?
a) 4.0 N•s

N A K L
b) 8.0 N•s

T E R P A R
I N
c) 16.0 N•s

SI
d) 32.0 N•s
S
BA
130. Two Silly Putty balls of equal mass are moving in opposite directions at equal speeds. The balls collide head on
and immediately stop. Which one of the following statements is true about the collision?
a) Both objects conserve their own individual momentum.
b) Momentum is not conserved by the system of two Silly Putty balls.
c) The system starts with some total momentum and ends with no total momentum.

O L
d) None of these statements are true.

O U R
131. Two identical spheres, each of mass m and speed v, travel towards each other on a frictionless surface in a
vacuum.

S C H R B O
A L H A
I O N ANE
AT K L
E R N A R
IN T P
SI S
The spheres undergo a head-on elastic collision.

BA
Which statement correctly describes the spheres after the collision?
a) The total momentum of the spheres is 2mv.
b) Each sphere has zero momentum.
c) The total kinetic energy of the spheres is mv2.
d) Each sphere has zero kinetic energy.

Page 20 of 25
Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
132. A ball of mass m travels horizontally with speed v before colliding with a vertical wall. The ball rebounds at
speed v in a direction opposite to its initial direction. What is the magnitude of the change in momentum of the
ball?
a) 0
b)

L
c) mv
d) 2 mv
O O UR
S C H R B O
A L H A
N ANE
133. Which of the following is an elastic collision?

T I O L
a) Two railway trucks collide and they link together.

R N A R K
b) Two railway trucks collide and they do not link together.

T E P A
c) Two gas molecules collide and each changes direction.

N
S I
d) Two gas molecules collide and a bond is formed between them.

I
BA S
134. The momentum of a particle stays constant provided that
a) it moves in a circle with constant speed.
b) its acceleration is uniform.
c) the net internal force acting on it is zero.
O L R
d) the net external force acting on it is zero.
H O O U
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
135. The momentum of an object changes by Δp in a time Δt. What is the impulse acting on the object during this
change?
AT K L
a) Δp

E R N A R
b) Δp Δt

I N T P
SI S
BA
c)
d) zero

136. An egg dropped on the floor is likely to break. However, when it is wrapped in a cloth it is less likely to break.
This is because the cloth

L
a) increases the time for which the force of the ground acts on the egg.

O R
b) reduces the momentum of the egg.
c) reduces the change of momentum of the egg.
H O OU
d) reduces the impulse acting on the egg
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
137. In the collision between two bodies, Newton’s third law

AT K L
a) only applies if momentum is conserved in the collision.

E R N A R
b) only applies if energy is conserved in the collision.

IN T P
c) only applies if both momentum and energy are conserved in the collision.

I S
d) always applies.

BA S
138. No external forces act on a given system during an inelastic collision. For this system, which is correct about the
conservation of kinetic energy and the conservation of linear momentum?

Page 21 of 25
Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8

O L R
H O O U
S C A R B
A L H
139. Two objects m1 and m2 approach each other along a straight line with speeds v1 and v2 as shown. The objects

O N ANE
collide and stick together.

A T I L
R N A R K
N T E P
I S I
BA S
What is the total change of linear momentum of the objects as a result of the collision?
a) m1v1 + m2v2
b) m1v1 – m2v2
c) m2v2 – m1v1

O L R
H O U
d) zero

S C R B O
A L H A
N ANE
Unit-5 Circuits

T I O L
A
140. The circuit shows a resistor R connected in series with a battery and a resistor of resistance . The emf

R N A R K
(voltage) of the battery is 20 V and it has negligible internal resistance. The current in the circuit is 1.0 A.

N T E P
I S I
BA S
Which of the following is the resistance of R?

O L R
O U
a)
b)

S C H R B O
c)

A L H A
N ANE
d)

T I O L
N A R K
141. Two resistors, made of the same material, are connected in series to a battery. The length of resistor X is twice

R
T E P A
that of resistor Y, and X has twice the cross-sectional area of Y.

I S IN
BA S
Which of the following gives ?

a)
b)
c) 1
d) 4

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
142. Three identical filament lamps W, X and Y are connected in the circuit as shown. The cell has negligible internal
resistance.

O L R
H O O U
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
A T K L
E R N A R
I N T P
S I S
BA
When the switch is closed, all the lamps light. Which of the following correctly describes what happens to the brightness
of lamp W and lamp Y when the switch is opened?

O L R
H O O U
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
AT K L
E R N A R
I N T P
I S
143. A lamp is connected to an electric cell and it lights at its working voltage. The lamp is then connected to the

BA S
same cell in a circuit with an ideal ammeter and an ideal voltmeter. Which circuit allows the lamp to light at the
original brightness?

O L R
H O OU
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
AT K L
E R N A R
IN T P
SI S
BA

144. A circuit contains a cell of potential difference 9.0 V and internal resistance 1.0 Ω together with a resistor of
resistance 4.0 Ω as shown. The ammeter is ideal. XY is a connecting wire.

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8

O L R
H O O U
S C A R B
L
What is the reading of the ammeter?
a) 0 A
A
N ANE H
T I O
b) 1.8 A
c) 9.0 A

N A K L
d) 11 A

T E R P A R
I N
145. A circuit consists of a cell of potential difference 6.0V and negligible internal resistance connected to two resistors
of 4.0Ω.
S I S
BA

O L R
H O O U
S C A R B
A L H
N ANE
The resistance of the ammeter is 1.0 Ω. What is the reading of the ammeter?
a) 2.0A
T I O L
b) 3.0A

R N A R K
c) 4.5A

N T E P A
d) 6.0A

I S I
BA S
The image below is a circuit diagram of a circuit with an open switch (the ‘space’ in the wire.) Use this image for
questions 125 through 129.

O L R
H O OU
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
146. When the circuit is open, how many light bulbs in this circuit are lit?
a) 0
AT K L
b) 1

E R N A R
c) 2

IN T P
I S
d) 3

BA S
147. When the circuit is open, which bulb burns the brightest?
a) No bulbs are lit
b) L1
c) L2
d) L3
148. If the switch is closed, how many light bulbs are lit?
a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3

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Basis International School,PLH Comprehensive Examination Study Guide Physics 8
149. When the circuit is closed, which bulb burns the brightest?
a) No bulbs are lit
b) L2
c) L3
d) All the lit bulbs are equally bright.

150. What kind of circuit is this?

O L R
a) Series
H O O U
b) Parallel
S C A R B
c) Mixed
A L H
I O N ANE
A T K L
E R N A R
I N T P
S I S
BA

O L R
H O O U
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
AT K L
E R N A R
I N T P
SI S
BA

O L R
H O OU
S C A R B
A L H
I O N ANE
AT K L
E R N A R
IN T P
SI S
BA

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