Di cuung tiing Anh Chuyen nganh Di?
n
1. Tat ca cac chit d@u co thi
dtn}'c chia thimh ba nhom dl!a
theo viec chung sin sang ti�p
nh�n m9t dong dien ch,y qua
nhtr th� nao.
All amterials can be classified into three
groups according to how readily they
permit an
Electric current to flow .
2. M9t chit ma khong thi giai
phong cac electrons gqi Ia
chit each dien.
A material which does not release
electrons is called an insulator
3. Dmn nhfrng di@u Iden nhit
dinh cac chit ban ddn cho
phep dong dien chuyin d9ng
qua r� dang nhtrng dtroi
nhfrng di@u Iden khac chung
ho,t d9ng nhtr cac chit each
dien.
Under certain conditions
semiconductors allow a current to
flow easily but under others they
Behave as insulators
4. Cu9n da_r dtn}'c quin quanh
m9t Joi sat m@m .
The coil is wound round an iron core.
5. Cap bqc kim lo� dtrQ'C sir
dyng fl cac diim co thiet h'i
CO' hqc .
Armoured cables are used in places
where there is a risk of mechanical
damage.
6. Man hinh 6ng tia cat t6t dtrQ'C
trang bing ph6t pho sang r\l'c
Jen khi co chum electrons d�p
vao no.
A cathode ray tube screen is coated with
a phosphor glows when an electron
Strikes it .
7. Difn tra ctia cac kim 10,i thay
d6i theo nhiet d9 ctia chung .
khi chung nong thi difn tra
tang Jen . khi chung ngu9i thi
dien triY giam xu6ng .
The resistance of metals varies with
their temperature . when they get hot
,their resistance
Increases when they cool , their
resistance falls.
8. Cac frng dyng th\l'c t� ctia cu.a
tinh sieu din fit h,n ch� do
•At dQA yeu cau
A rat t thap
t .
n h1� A
The practical applications of
superconductivity are limited because of
the very low temperatures required .
9. DtrO'llg din ma dong dien The magnetohydrodynamic process
chuyin d9ng qua gqi la m,ch generated electricity requiring a boiler or
dien. a turbine .
A path through which a current flows is
call an electric circuit .
lo. Nguon A cung capt sue
• 1�n
a•A
d9ng . Tai chuyin d6i dien
nang tir ngu6n thanh m9t vai
d,ng khac ctia nang ltn}'ng .
The source provides the electromotive 2 0. Viec phat dien nhir tir thuy
force .the load converts the electrical d9ng m,c du vdn con a ch,ng
energy from the dllO'llg moi me nhtrng hieu
Source into some other forms of evergy. qua nhtrng hieu qua a,t dtn}'c
11. He th6ng day din ,din dong cu.a no da Jen toi60%.
difn qua m,ch .89 di@u khiin Magnetohydrodynrnic generation is stil
dieu khiin dong dien ch,y
in its early stages but already an
vao trong m,ch.
The transmison system conducts the efficiency rate of 60 %
current round the circuit .the control
Has been reached.
regulates the
21 . D9ng CO' dien la m9t b9 may
Current flow in the circuit .
dung ilel chuyen 01 a•A
l al, 1�n nang
•
12 . 89 di@u khiin cu.a den nhay Ia
thanh CO' nang.
m9t cong tiic trtn}'t
An electric motor is a machine for
The control regulatesof flashlight is a
converting electrical energy into
sliding switch.
mechanic energy.
13. du chi Ia m9t dyng cy bao
22 . Roto Ia phin chuyin d9ng .
ve m,ch .
No g6m m9t c6 gop difn va
A fuse is the protection protect a circuit .
m9t phin trng .
14. Dong dien xoay chi@u la dong
The rotor is the moving part . It contains
dien diu tien ch,y v@ m9t
a commulator and an armatune.
htr6ng sau do chuyin sang
23. Stato la phin tinh ctia d9ng
htr6ng khac .
cO'. No bao g6m thanh d§n tir
An alternating current is a current which
va thanh ddn dien.
flowsfist in on direction , then in the
The stator does not move .It consists of
other
magnetic and electrical conductors.
24. MotO' ho,t d9ng tren nguyen
15. Tit ca kim loai . d@u la chit Iy , khi m9t thanh din chtra
d§n dien , tuy nhien m9t s6
dong dien dtrQ'C a,t trong tir
kim Io,i d§n dien khong t6t.
tmirng , m9t ll!C se sinh ra
All metals are conductors , however
tren thanh din do.
some metals do not conduct well .
The motor operates on the principle that
16. Dyng cu do dien tir co thi do
when a current -carrying conductor is
dien thi xoay chi@u ma khong
placed in a
cin d�n b9 chinh ltrU .
Magnetic field , a force is produced on
Moving-iron meters can measure ac
the conductor.
voltages without a rectifier
25. M9t may bi�n ap dan gian
17. Mang str dtrQ'C ap quanh cu9n
bao .f6m hai cu9n day : cu9n
day ai each difn cu9n day.
sO' cap va cu9n thtr dp .
A ceramic coating is applied over the
A simple transformer is made up of two
winding to insulate it.
coil : a secondary and magnetic.
18. Hai phtrang phap ctia viec
26. Pin dtrQ'c ban kin bing m9t
phat dien nho' tir thuy d9ng la
cai chop lam bing kim 10,i
chu ky dong va chu ky ma.
ho,c nh\l'a.
Two methods of magnetohydrodynamic
The cell is sealed with a cap which is
generation are : the open- cycle and the
made of metal or plastic
close- cycle
27. SI! ro ri dien moi co thi gay
19. Qua trinh phat dien nhir tir
thiet h'i cho cac thi�t bj.
thuy d9ng khong cin co n6i
Leaking dielectric may damage the
hO'i ho,c tua bin .
equipment.
1
Di CU'O'ng tiing Anh Chuyen nganh Dijn
7. a fuse / the simplest / cheapest
protection / accurate /
repetitive operation / circuit
breaker / use .
a fuse is the simplest and cheapest
protection , however for accurate
and repetitive operation a circuit
breaker is used.
8. when /the fault /supply/ uniU
put right /latch /can / reset.
when the fault in the supply or unit
is put right the latch can be reset
9. if current rise / a dangerour
level / pull of the solenoid/
latch increase.
if the current rises to a dangerour
lever the pull of the solenoid on the
latch increase.
10. all metals / conductors /
some /not conducU good.
all metals are conductors , however
some metals do not conduct well .
11. unit / capacitance /farad/
capacitance/ usually
measure /microfarads/
picrofarads.
the unit of capacitance is the farad
but capacitance is usually measure
microfarads or picofarads.
12. semiconductors / replace
valves / most applications/
valves/ still use /large
transmitters.
semiconductors have replaced
valves in most appli cations
however valves are still used in
large transmitters.
13. a resistor / be / a device /
use /add resistance/ a circuit.
a resistor is a device which is used
to add resistance to a circuit .
14. many types of resistors / fixed
and variable / made.
many types of resistor both fixed
and variable resistors and made.
15. wirewound resistors I consisU
a coil / resistance wire /
Nichrome/ wound on a
former.
wirewound resistors consist of a coil
ofresistance wire such as Nichrome
which is wound on a former.
16. a ceramic coating / apply / the
winding/ insulate the
winding .
a ceramic coating is applied over
the winding to insulates the winding
17. variable resistors / may have /
a coil / resistance wire / a
carbon track .
variable resistors may have lither a
coil of resistance wire or carbon
track.
18. the wire / track / mounted /
sliding contacU rub over /
select / resistance require.
the wire of track is mounted so that
sliding contact can rub over it to
select the resistance required.
19. for small currents / in radio
work / carton resistors / used.
for small currents ,for example in
radio work , carbon resistor are used
20. the resistor across/
capacitor/ connecU value/
33.00 ohms.
the resistor across which the
capacitor is connected has a value
of33.00 ohms.
21. the capacitor / the signal /
pass through / have / value /
27 pF.
the capacitor which the signal is
passed through has a value of27 pf.
22. the power supplies / use /
thyristor rectifiers / use /
drive de motors.
the power supplies use thysistor
retifies used to drive de motors .
23. the plates /between / the beam
pass / know / X and Y .plates .
the plates between which the beam
passes are know as X and Y .
24. altermators / give higher
outputs / low speech / they /
prefer / dynamos / cars .
altermators give higher outputs at
low speech so they are preferred to
dynamor for cars.
25. conventional current flow is
from positive to negative .
conventional current flow is from
positive but electrons flow from
negative to positive .
26. dirt / dust / reduce / effective
light / lamps/ keep clean .
dirt and dust reduce effective light
since lamps must be kept clean.
27. squired - cage motors /
simple / cheap / strong / they /
use/ many general duties .
squired -cage motors are simple ,
cheap and strong so they are used
for many general duties.
28. ultrasonic welding / good /
heat welding / materials / not
disterted .
ultrasonic welding is better than
heat welding because the material
are not disterted.
3
29. a zinc case / use / a container /
the ceW the negative electrode
a zinc case is used as a container for
the cell and the negative alectrode
30. a carbon rod / the center of
the cell / from / the positive
electrode .
a carban rod is in the center of the
cell which forms the positive
electrode .
31. the space / between/ zinc
case / carbon rod / filled / a
paste of ammonium chloride /
use /an electrolyte
the space between the zinc case and
the carbon rod is filled with a paste
of ammonium chloride which is
used as an electrolyte .
32. the electrolyte/ a paste / not a
liquid / type of cell / call / dry
cell .
the electrolyte is a paste and not a
liquid so this type of cell is called a
dry cell.
33. the cell / seal / a cap / make /
metal / platic / prevent / the /
paste/ come out .
the cell is seald with a cap which is
made of metal or plastic prevent the
paste coming out
34. a small space / gas / fomed /
the cell can collect / leave /
below the cap /.
a small space where Gas is formed
and the cell can collect is left below
the cap .
35. dry cells / enclose / a
cardboard case / an
additional metal jacket / add /
make / cell leakproof.
dry cell are enclosed is cardboard
case and an additional metal jacket
ia added to make the cell leakproof .
36. leaking electrolyte /
damage /equipment /cells /
install /the equipment .
leaking electrolyte may damage the
equipment because the cells are
installed in the equipment.
37. the lines / suspend / insulators
/ are make / porcelain.
the lines are suspended from
insulators which are made of
porcelain .
38. the lines / carry the supply /
arrange / two groups .
the lines carrying the supply are
arranged in two groups .
Di cuung tiing Anh Chuyen nganh Dijn
39. Britain / electrical energy /
generate / power / station /
feed/ National Grid.
in Britain electrical energy which is
generated in power station is fed to
the national Grid.
40. the energy / pass / a
transformer / step up the
voltage/132,275/400 KW.
the energy passes though a
transformer which step up the
voltage to 132,25 or 400kv.
41. the transmission lines / carry
the supply / usually arrange /
groups / three over head
conductors suspend /
porcelain insulators.
the transmission lines earring the
supply are usually arrange in groups
of three over head conductors from
porcelain insulators .
42. for the voltages /400 kv cables
/ contain / oil / low pressure /
use.
for voltages up to 400 kv cables
contain oil under low pressure are
use.
43. the moving coil meter / often
use / it is cheap/ reasonably
accurate.
the moving ciol meter is often used
because it is cheap and reasonably
accurate .
44. the oscilloscope / give /
information / wareform /
frequency / large and
expensive.
the oscilloscope which gives
information on the wareform and
the frequency are large and
expensive.
45. semiconductors / use
preference / valves /cheaper /
smaller/ lighter.
semiconductors are used in
preference to valves because it is
cheaper , smaller and lighter than
valves.
46. having / seal / the cell / case /
a metal skin.
having been sealed the cell is cased
with a metal skin
47. moving- coil meter/ measure
/ ac voltages / a rectifier /
however/ moving - coil meter
/ rectifiers/ preferred .
moving -coil meters can measure ac
voltages without a rectifier
however moving - coil meter with
rectifiers are preferred.
48. it / convenient / describe
magnetic lines / force /
magnetic lines of force do not
exist.
It is convenient to describe
magnetic lines of force but in fact
magnetic lines of force do not exist .
49. watchmakers / work / very
small parts / require a lot of
light.
watchmakers work with very small
parts , therefore require a lot of light
50. dielectric heating /
conduction heating / use /
plywood production / even /
faster/ cheaper.
dielectric heating rather than
conduction heating is used in
plywood production because it is
even moreover faster and cheaper.
51. the fluorescent lamp /
consist / a glass tube / coat / a
phosphor.
the fluorescent lamp consist of a
glass tube which is coated with a
phosphor.
52. insulators/ allow/ some flow/
elections / this / usually /
ignore/ flow/ they permit/ so
small.
insulators will alow some flow of
electrons , however this can usually
be ignored because the flow they
permit is so small .
53. the motor I operate/ principle
/ when / current -carrying
conductor / place / amagnetic
field / a force / produce /
conductor.
the motor operates on the principle
that when a current - carrying
conductors is placed in a magnetic
field , a force is produced on the
conductor .