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Math 7: Integer and Rational Number Rules

The document provides notes on integers and rational numbers in math. It covers the rules and examples for adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing integers. It also defines rational numbers as numbers that can be written as fractions p/q where p and q are integers and q is not equal to 0. The notes discuss different types of rational numbers such as integers, fractions, terminating and repeating decimals. It provides examples of identifying, comparing, and converting between fractions and decimals. It also outlines the processes for adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing rational numbers including using the least common denominator and cancelling terms.

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Samantha Gabrielle Lejano
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65 views3 pages

Math 7: Integer and Rational Number Rules

The document provides notes on integers and rational numbers in math. It covers the rules and examples for adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing integers. It also defines rational numbers as numbers that can be written as fractions p/q where p and q are integers and q is not equal to 0. The notes discuss different types of rational numbers such as integers, fractions, terminating and repeating decimals. It provides examples of identifying, comparing, and converting between fractions and decimals. It also outlines the processes for adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing rational numbers including using the least common denominator and cancelling terms.

Uploaded by

Samantha Gabrielle Lejano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

NOTES in MATH 7

MATH
 INTEGERS
 ADDING INTEGERS RULES: – EXAMPLES:
– LIKE SIGNS (+)+(+) or (-)+(-) a. (9) + (-4) = 5
Add, follow the sign of the given b. 5 + 6 = 11
– UNLIKE SIGNS (+)+(-) or (-)+(+) c. (-4) + (-4) = -8
Subtract, follow the sign of the integer with the d. (-5) + (3) = -2
larger number. e. (=8) + (-6) = 2

 SUBTACTING INTEGERS RULES: – EXAMPLES:


– LIKE SIGNS (+)-(+) or (-)-(-) a. (+9) – (10) c. (+9)-(-4)
– Simply subtract the two, the answer is positive = (+9) + (-10) (+9) + (-4)
= -1 = 13
– UNLIKE SIGNS (+)-(-) or (-)-(+) b. (-9) – (-10) d. (-9) - (+11)
– Change the sign of the subtrahend (second item) = (-9) + (10) = (-9) – (-11)
and proceed to add following the addition rule. =1 = 20
– EXAMPLES:
MULTIPLYING INTEGERS RULES:
a. (11) (5) = 55
– LIKE SIGNS (+)(+) or (-)(-)
b. (-5) (2) = -10
– Same sign, the product is POSITIVE
c. (3) (-4) = -12
d. (-8) (-7) ÷=
– UNLIKE SIGNS (+)(-) or (-)(+)
56
– Different sign, the product is NEGATIVE.
e. (1) (0) = 0
– Any number multiplied by 0 gives a product of 0
f. n⁰ = 1
DIVIDING INTEGERS RULES: – EXAMPLES:
– LIKE SIGNS (+)÷(+) or (-)÷(-) a. (-45) ÷ (-9) = 5
– Same sign, the quotient is POSITIVE. b. (8) ÷ (-4) = -2
c. (10) ÷ ( -5) = -2
– UNLIKE SIGNS (+)÷ (-) or (-)÷ (+) d. (36) ÷ (4) = 9
– Different sign, the quotient is NEGATIVE.

– NEGATIVE SIGN IN FRACTIONS are placed and is applied in the numerator NOT the denominator

 RATIONAL NUMBERS
 A number that is of the form p/q where p and q are integers and q is not equal to 0. The set of rational

p=numerator=can be 0
q=denominator =CA N Tbe 0 Standard form = Simplest form
'

numbers is denoted by q. Any fraction or ratio is rational.


 Rationals can be positive or negative (INTEGERS)
 Equal rationals
3 7
a . 0.3= b . −0.7=−
10 10
 POSITIVE RATIONALS – like signs p/q
−2 9
a. b.
−7 1
 NEGATIVE RATIONALS – unlike signs p/q
−1 12
a. b.
+ 10 − 41
TYPES OF RATIONAL NUMBERS
 – EXAMPLES:
– INTEGERS - positive and negative a. 0, 1, -1, 2, -4
– FRACTIONS – p/q are integers b. 1/2, 4/7, 1/9, 1/3
– TERMINATING DECIMALS – decimals that end c. 0.3, 0.25, 7.4, 0.76
– REPEATING DECIMALS – repeats & d. 0.9 , 9.37
doesn’t end e. 10, 3, 7, 90, 740, 100
– WHOLE NUMBERS – numbers with 0 f. 1, 7, 9, 3, 5, 6
– NATURAL NUMBERS – positive integers g. √25, √121, √16, √4
– PERFECT SQUARES

 IDENTIFYING RATIONALS
– A fraction of integers
– Decimal is terminating or repeating
– All whole numbers are rational
– Can be written as a fraction or ratio

 CONVERTING
– FRACTION TO DECIMAL:
– EXAMPLES:
1 − 8+1 9
a. −2 4 → ( 4 ∗− 2 )=8 → 4 → − 4 →− 9 ÷ 4=2.25
12
b. → ( 12 ÷7 )=1. 714285
7
– DECIMAL TO FRACTION
– EXAMPLES:
7
a. − 0.07→ hundredths place →
100
6 3
b. 2.60∨2.6 → tenths place→ 2 ∨2
10 5
 COMPARING FRACTIONS

OPERATIONS on RATIONALS

 ADDITION AND SUBTACTION of RATIONALS
– Make the denominator the same
1. Finding the LCD & multiplying the factor to p/q
– For questions like
3
10 ( )
2
+ − , remove the “+” (Shortcut)
5
– MDAS, Convert mixed numbers to improper.
–
 EXAMPLES:
5 −4 5+ ( − 4 ) 1
1. 9 + 9 = =
9 9
1 3 −1 −3 4
2. − 5 − 5 = 5 =− 5
3 2 1 3 ∗2 2 ∗ 4 1 ∗1 6+ 8− 1 13
3. 10 + 5 − 20 = 10 ∗2 5 ∗ 4 20 ∗1 = 20
=
20
 MULTIPLICATION of RATIONALS
p s p∗s
 ∗ =
q t q∗t
 Top *top, bottom * bottom
n
 Whole numbers are
1
 Cancellation technique:


8 21 15 1 3 5 15 1
 ∗ ∗ = ∗ ∗ =− ∨− 7
3 16 7 1 2 1 2 2

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