Class-X

Subject- Mathematics
Ch-12
Areas Related to
Circles
 topics
Introduction
Circumference and
area of a circle.
Areas of sector and
segment of a circle .
 Introduction
Ma n y o b j ects th at we co m e ac ro ss i n o u r d ai l y li fe ar e re l ated to th e ci r cu la r
s h a p e i n s o m e f o r m o r t h e o t h e r. C yc l e w h e e l s , w h e e l b a r r ow ( t h e l a ) ,
d a r t b oa r d , r o u n d c a k e , p a p a d, d r a in c ov e r, v a r i o us d e s i gn s , b a n g l e s ,
b r o o c h e s , c i r c u l a rp a t h s , w a s h e r s , f l o w e r b e d s , e t c . a r e s o m e e x a m p l e s o f
su c h o b j ects. So , th e p ro bl em o f fi n d in g p er im eters and are as re l ated to
c i r c u l a r f i g u r e s i s o f g r e a t p r a c t i c a l i m p o r t a n c e . I n t h i s c h a p t e r, w e s h a l l
b eg i n o u r d i sc ussi o n wi th a re vi ew o f th e co n c epts o f p er im eter
(c ir cu mfere nce ) an d ar ea o f a cir cl e an d ap p l y th i s kn ow l edge i n fi n d in g th e
a rea s o f tw o s pe ci al p art s of a c ir cu la r re g io n (o r b rief ly o f a c ir cl e) k no w n
as s ec tor and se gmen t.
recall
 circumference & area of a circle
=

=
c = x d
c = 2 r
Ar e a of a ci rc le = r2
= 2/4

Ar ea of a se mic irc l e = 2/ 2

Ar ea of a qu a dr a nt = 2/ 4
Central Angle:

An angle whose vertex is at

the center of a circle.

Radii OA and OB determine

central angle AOB.
 value of
T h e g r e a t I n d i a n m a t h e m a t i c i a n Ar y a b h a t t a
ga ve an ap pr oxi ma te val ue of whi ch i s
ne ar l y eq ua l to 3.1 41 6.

It i s al so i nter es ti n g to no te tha t us in g an
i den ti ty of the gr ea t ma the ma tica l ge ni us
Sr in i vas Ram an uj an of Ind ia , ma the mati ci a ns
ha ve be en ab le to ca lcu la te the val ue of
co rr ec t to mi ll io n pl ac es of de ci mal s . we
ge ne ra l l y tak e = 22 /7 or 3.1 4 ap pr oxi ma te l y
ex 12.1
Q2 . G iv en f i g u re d ep ic t s an ar ch er y ta rg et m ar ke d w i t h it s f i ve sco ri ng reg i o n s f ro m t he cen t re o u t war ds
as Go l d , R e d , B l u e , B l ack an d W h i te . T h e d i am e te r o f t h e r eg i o n rep resent in g Go ld sco re is 21 cm and each
o f t h e o t h er b an d s is 10. 5 cm wi d e. F i nd t he area o f each o f t h e f ive scoring r egions.

Sol ut i on : The r adi us of 1s t c i r c l e , r 1 = 21/2 c m (as di amet er D i s gi v en as 21 c m)

S o, ar ea of gol d r egion = r12 = (10 . 5) 2 = 346. 5 c m2
N o w, i t is given that each of the other bands is 10.5 cm wide,
S o , t he r a d iu s o f 2 n d c i rc l e , r 2 = 1 0 . 5 c m + 1 0 . 5 c m = 2 1 cm
Thus, Ar e a o f r e d r e g i o n = Ar e a o f 2 n d c i r c l e Ar e a o f g o l d r e g i o n = ( r22 346.5) cm2
= ( ( 21)2 3 4 6 . 5 ) c m 2= 1 3 8 6 346.5
= 1039.5 cm 2

S i m i l a r l y,
T h e r a d i u s o f 3 rd c i r c l e , r 3 = 2 1 c m + 1 0 . 5 c m = 3 1 . 5 c m
4 th
T h e r a d i u s o f 5 th c i r c l e , r 4 = 3 1 . 5 c m + 1 0 . 5 c m = 4 2 c m
The Radius of c i r c l e , r 5 = 4 2 c m+ 1 0. 5 c m = 5 2. 5 cm
F o r t h e a r e a o f n th r e g i o nA = Ar e a o f c i r c l e n Ar e a o f c i r c l e ( n - 1 )
Ar e a o f b l u e r e g io n ( n =3 ) = A re a o f t h i rd c i r c l e Ar e a o f s e c o n d c i r c l e
= (31.5) 2 1386 c m 2= 3 11 8 .5 1386 c m 2= 1732.5 c m2
Area of bl ack region (n=4) = Area of fourth ci rcle Area of third circle= (42) 2 1 3 8 6 c m2
= 5544 3 11 8 . 5 c m2 = 2425.5 c m2
Ar e a o f w h i t e r e g i o n ( n =5 ) = Ar e a o f f i f t h c i r c l e Ar e a o f f o u r th c i r c l e = (52.5)2 5 5 4 4 c m2
= 8 66 2 . 5 5 5 4 4 c m 2= 3 118 . 5 c m 2
Extra Questions
Answer to question no.4
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