C.C.

S National Institute of Agricultural Marketing, Jaipur

(A Government of India autonomous organization under Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare)

OLI'S WITHDRAWAL FROM

PRACHANDA GOVERNMENT

A BLESSING IN DISGUISE FOR

INDIA'S FOREIGN POLICY

/Agrineur-management-club
Swipe
 Electoral system of Nepal
First past the poll

system (165)

Elected via Hybrid system

(275 members)

Nepali parliament
(House of Representatives) Proportionate

system (110)

Major political parties

Nepali Congress Sher Bahadur

Seen as a traditional ally of India found its roots closely with
Deuba Indian socialist leaders and Indian National Congress

Communist party
Pro-China considers the Chinese communist party as its political
of Nepal (Unified
K.P Sharma Oli patron, infuses Anti-India sentiments, and promotes Nepali
Marxist Leninist) ultranationalism

Communist Party
Pushpa Kamal
Mild version CPN-UML, slightly tilted towards China, but recently
of Nepal (Maoist-
Dahal
attempting to maintain an equidistant position between the two
Centre) "Prachanda" giant neighbors

Rashtriya
Rajendra Prasad
Hindutva party wants the restoration of the Constitutional
Prajatantra Party Lingden monarchy

Rashtriya
Rabi
Recently founded by former journalist Rabi Lamichhane, populist
Swatantra Party Lamichhane in nature, equivalent to India's AAP
 2022 Election results
Others
PSP-N 30
12
RPP
14

RSP Nepali

Congress
20 275 members
89
(Largest party in

CPN

number of seats)
(Maoist

Centre)
32

CPN-UML (Largest party in

78 number of voteshare)

Prachanda, the leader of CPN (Maoist Centre), entered the 2022 election in a pre-

poll alliance with four other political parties, including the then-PM Sher Bahadur

Deuba's Nepali Congress, against Oli's UML, winning a clear majority

After the results, CPN (Maoist Centre) and Nepali Congress failed to reach a

power-sharing agreement, including the PM post.

In a dramatic turnaround, Prachanda abandoned the alliance and struck a deal

with Oli's who promised him the PM-ship for the first half of the 5-year term
This fragile two-month coalition ended as Oli decides to withdraw support to

Prachanda as the latter supported Nepali congress candidate Ram Chandra

Paudel for the President post rather than CPN-UML one

Sigh of relief as Oli is out of power
During Oli's years as PM of Nepal from 2018 to 2021 animosity between

the two countries grew extensively

Releasing Nepal's new controversial map

In May 2020, Nepal released a new map that showed
Kalapani, Lipulekh, and Limpiyadhura (Indian
territories) as part of its territory.

Rising Chinese influence

Oli pursued policies that were seen as being more

pro-China including signing a railway agreement

with China and participating in China's Belt and

Road Initiative.

Citizenship controversy
Proposed a new citizenship law that would have

made it more difficult for Nepalis married to

foreigners to acquire citizenship.

Lord Ram's birthplace Controversy

In one of his statements, he quotes "Real Ayodhya
lies not in India but in Nepal and that Lord Rama
was born in Thori in Southern Nepal"

Accusing India of Coronavirus spread

Called coronavirus as "India virus", accusing India
of spreading it in Nepal
Why India Cannot Afford

to Ignore Nepal

Buffer State Hydroelectric

Trade and
Deep religious

potential economics and Ethnic ties

Nepal shares a long
Nepal has an
India is Nepal's
Both countries

border with India,

estimated potential
largest trading
shared same history,

spanning over 1,800

of around 83,000 MW
partner and has
culture, language and

km located between
of hydropower, of
provided significant
geography. Hinduism

India's northern
which only a small
economic assistance
and Buddhism has

states and Tibet, an

fraction has been
to Nepal over the
played a significant

autonomous region
developed so far. This
years. This economic
role in moulding the

of China. This
makes Nepal one of
partnership has
shared identity. Due

provides a natural
the richest countries
helped to build a
to open borders large

buffer zone for India

in the world in terms
strong relationship
amount of cross-

against any potential

of hydropower
between the two
border migration
threats from China potential countries
Cultural links with Nepal
Dating back to around 400 B.C. Pashupatinath temple is a highly revered

Hindu temple located on the banks of the Bagmati River in Kathmandu,

Nepal. The temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva, one of the most important

deities in Hinduism, and is considered one of the holiest sites for Hindus

around the world.

According to the Ramayana, it was the capital city of the ancient

kingdom of Mithila, ruled by King Janak, and was the birthplace of the

Hindu princess Sita and the place where Lord Rama and Sita married. It

is an important pilgrimage site for Hindus who visit the Janaki Mandir, a

temple dedicated to Sita and built in the 20th century

Located in the Mustang district of Nepal, Muktinath is a holy site where

Lord Vishnu, one of the main deities in Hinduism, is worshipped in the form

of a natural gas flame that burns continuously inside a sacred spring. It is

believed to be a place where people can attain liberation from the cycle of

birth and death

Various stupas are believed to have been built by the Mauryan emperor

Ashoka during his reign in the 3rd century BCE. These stupas are located in

different parts of Nepal considered important cultural and religious

landmarks. Among them, Swayambhunath Stupa, Boudhanath Stupa, and

Changu Narayan Temple are designated as UNESCO World Heritage Sites

Lumbini, the birthplace of Buddha is considered the spiritual and historical

heart of Buddhism. Among many landmarks, Maya Devi Temple is mostly

revered as it marks the spot where the Buddha is believed to have been born.

The temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and attracts thousands of

pilgrims and visitors every year.

 India-Nepal

Relations through

the years
AGRINEUR MANAGEMENT CLUB
(AMC)

/Agrineur-management-club