AI

RUNI
VERSI
TY
DEPARTMENTOFELECTRI
CALANDCOMPUTERENGI
NEERI
NG

EXPERI
MENTNO1

LabTi
tl
e: I
NTRODUCTI
ONTOBASI
CPOWERELECTRONI
CSLABEQUI
PMENT
St
udent
Name:ShahMuhammad Reg.
No:
190429

Obj
ect
ive:
Togetf
imi
li
arwi
thl
abequi
pment
s,Labcar
dIk1andt
hei
rsaf
etymeasur
es.

LABASSESSMENT:

Excel
l
ent
( Good( Av
erage( Sat
isfact
ory
( Unsat
isf
act
ory
(
At
tri
but
es
5) 4) 3) 2) 1)
Abilit
ytoConductEx
periment
Abilit
ytoassi
mi l
atetheres
ult
s
Effecti
v euseof
l
abequi pment andfoll
ow
s
thelabsafety
rules

Tot
alMar
ks: Obt
ainedMar
ks:

LABREPORTASSESSMENT:
Excel
l
ent
( Good( Av
erage( Sat
isfact
ory
( Unsat
isf
act
ory
(
At
tri
but
es
5) 4) 3) 2) 1)

Dat
apr
esent
ati
on

Exper
iment
alr
esul
ts

Concl
usi
on

Tot
alMar
ks: Obt
ainedMar
ks:

Dat
e: Si
gnat
ure:
 LABORATORYE
XPERI
MENTNO.
01

INTRODUCTI
ONTO
BASICPOWERELECTRONI
CS
LABEQUIPMENT

OBJECTI
VE
1. Togetfamil
iari
zati
onwithTERCOLabCardI
K1.
2. Togetaccustomedwi t
hbasicEMSLabVolt
equi
pment.
3. Toknowtheirusage,operat
ionandbasi
csafety
requi
rement
s.

DI
SCUSSI
ON
Wor
kSt
ati
on:

TheWor kst at
ioni saf ull
yassembl edwor kstati
ont hatservesthesamepur poseasthe
Mobi l
eWor kstation,Model 8110- 2, buthasnost oragecabi netorpul
l-
outwor ksur
face.
Thisworkst ationisintendedf oruseona
bench(notsuppl i
ed) andisfi
ttedwi thrubberf
eet t
oprotectt
hebencht op.
Alter
nati
vely ,
thiswor kstati
oncanbemount edonei t
heraMobi l
eStorageCabinet
,Model
89117-1,tomakeaMobi leWor kstat i
on,Model 8110-2,oronaMobi l
eBase, Model88863,
to
makeamobi lewor kstati
onwi t
houtst or
agecabi net.Inthatcase,i
tispossi
bletomountand
l
ockasecondWor kstati
on,Model 8134-2,ontopoft
he
fi
rstWorkstationtodoubl ethespaceav ail
ableforEMSmodul es.
TheWor kst
ationconsistsoft hreer owsofcompartmentsdesignedtohouseEMSmodul es.
Two oft heserows hav ef ull
-heightcompartments whil
et he ot
herr ow has hal
f-height
compartments.Eachrowoff ull-
heightcompart
ment scanaccommodat eupt othr
eefull
-size
EMS modul es orsixhal f-si
ze EMS modul eswhereast
he rowofhalf
-heightcompar
t ment s
canaccommodat euptothreehalf-
sizeEMSmodul es.

Resi
sti
veLoad:

TheResi st
iveLoadconsistsofamodul ehousingni newire-woundpowerresi
stor
sarr
angedin
thr
eeidenti
calbanks.Eachbankconsi stsofthreer esist
orsconnectedi
nparall
elt
hatcanbe
swit
chedonorof fwit
htoggleswitchestoobtainv ariousresist
anceval
ues.Thi
sall
owsthe
tot
al (
equival
ent)resi
stanceofeachbanktobeincreasedor
decreasedbysteps.Si
xsafet
ybananajacksonthemodul efr
ontpanel
prov
ideaccesstoeachr esi
storbank.Thet
hreeresistorbankscanbeconnect
edsepar
atel
yfor
operat
ioni
nthree-phaseci r
cuit
s.Also,t
hethreeresistorbankscanbeconnectedt
oget
herfor
operat
ioni
nsingle-phasecir
cuit
s.
TheResi
sti
veLoadi
scommonl yusedi
nconj
uncti
onwit
hother
basi
cloadmodules,
l
iket
heI
nducti
veL
oadandt
heCapacit
iveLoadt
oexperi
mentwitht
heeff
ectsof
dif
fer
entty
pesof
loadonacir
cui
t.

Capaci
ti
veLoad:

TheCapaci t
iveLoadconsi stsofamodul ehousi ngni necapaci tor sarrangedinthreei dent
ical
banks.Eachbankconsi st
soft hreecapacitorsconnect edi npar all
elthatcanbeswi tchedonor
offwit
ht oggleswi t
chest oobt ai
nv ari
ouscapaci tancev alues.Thi sal l
owst heequivalent
capaci
tanceofeachbankt obeincreasedordecr easedbyst eps.Si xsaf et
ybananaj acksont he
modulef rontpanel prov i
deaccesst oeachcapaci torbank.Thet hreecapaci t
orbankscanbe
connectedsepar atelyforoper ati
onint hr
ee-phaseci rcuit
s.Al so,thethreecapacit
orbankscan
beconnect edtoget
her foroperati
oninsingl
e-phaseci r
cuit
s.
Aper manent
lyconnect
eddischar
ger esi
storreducesthevol
tageacrosstheterminalsofeach
bank
ofcapaci
tor
sto5%oft
heappli
edvol
tagewit
hin25secondsaft
ert
heloadi
sdisconnect
edfromthesuppl
y.
TheCapaciti
veLoadmay beusedwi t
hbothdcandacpower .
TheCapaci
ti
veLoadiscommonly
usedi
nconj
unct
ionwit
htheot
herbasi
cloadmodul
es,
theResi
sti
ve
Loadandt
heInduct
iveLoadt
oexper
imentwi
tht
heeffect
sofdi
ffer
entt
ypesofl
oadonaci
rcui
t.

I
nduct
iveLoad:

TheInducti
v eLoadconsistsofamodul ehousi ngnineiron-corepowerinductorsarrangedin
thr
eeident
icalbanks.Eachbankconsistsoft hreeinductorsconnectedinpar al
lelt
hatcanbe
swit
chedonorof fwit
htoggleswit
chestoobt ainvariousinductancevalues.Thisall
owst he
equiv
alentinductanceofeachbanktobei ncreasedordecr easedbyst eps.Sixsafet
ybanana
j
acksont hemodul efr
ontpanelpr
ovideaccesst oeachinduct or
bank.Thethreeinductorbanks
canbeconnect edseparat
elyf
oroperati
oninthree-
phasecir
cuit
s.Also,t
het
hreei
nduct
orbankscanbeconnect
edt
oget
herf
oroper
ati
oni
n
si
ngle-
phasecir
cuit
s.

TheInduct
iveLoadi
scommonl yusedi
nconj
uncti
onwit
hotherbasi
cloadmodules,
l
iket
heResi
sti
veL
oadandtheCapacit
iveLoadt
oexperi
mentwitht
heef
fectsof
differ
entty
pesof
loadonacir
cuit
.

I
GBTChopper
/inv
ert
er:

TheIGBTChopper /Invertermodul econsistsofseveninsulat

ed-gat
ebipol
artr
ansistors(IGBT)
mountedinahal f
-sizeEMSmodul e.SixIGBTsar eusedt oimplementchopper
sandi nverters.
TheseIGBTsar eprot ectedagainstav ar
ietyofabnormal operati
ngcondi
ti
ons,suchasshor t -
ci
rcui
ts,ov er
voltage, overcur
rent,andover heat
.Thesev ent
hIGBTandadumpi ngresistoral
low
smoothdi ssi
pat i
onofexcessener gyatt
hedcbus.Thedumpi ngcir
cui
tcan
beact
ivatedthrought heuseofatoggl eswit
chonthefr
ontpanel.

Themodul eswitchingcontrol
sectionall
ows0/5Vpul sesignalsfrom ei
thert
heDataAcqui
sit
ion
andContr
olInt
erface,Model9063,t
heChopper/I
nver
terControlUnit
,Model
9029,
oranycompat i
ble0/5Vcontr
olunit
,tobeappli
edt othegatingcir
cuit
softheIGBTs.The
si
gnalsareinputintheIGBTChopper /I
nvert
ermodulethroughani ne-
pinconnect
or.
Sixmi niaturebananaj ackscanbeusedast estpointstomonitorthepul sesi
gnalsusingan
oscill
oscope. Thesej ackscanalsobeusedtoinject0/5Vpulsesignal sfrom analt
ernate
controluni t
,aswel las
toi
nhibiteachgatingcircui
t.
TheIGBTChopper/
Invert
ermoduleal
soincludesasynchronizat
ionout
put
totr
iggeranosci lloscopewhenobser vi
ngtheswi t
chingcontr
olsignals,aswel l
asaswi tchi
ng
controldisablei
nputthatall
owsall
sixI
GBTsint
hechopper/inv
ert
ersectiontobeswi t
chedoff.

Power
Thy
rist
ors:

ThePowerThy rist
orsmoduleconsistsofsixpowert hy
rist
ors(SCRs)mountedinahalf-si
ze
EMSenclosure.Eachindi
vi
dualthyri
stori
sprotectedagainstovercur
rent
sandshort-ci
rcui
ts.Al
l
theanodesandcathodesof
thet
hy r
ist
orsar
eterminatedonthefr
ontpanelbycol
or-
coded,
4mmsaf et
ybananajacks.
Toreducethenumberofext
ernal
connect
ions,themostt
ypi
calthy
rist
orconf
igur
ati
onscan
beachiev
edthr
ought
heuseoftwotoggl
eswitchesont
hefr
ontpanel
.
Afir
ingcontrolsect
ionall
owssi x0-
5Vpul sesignal
sfrom ei
thertheDataAcqui
sit
ionand
Control
Int
erface,Model9063,theThyri
storFiri
ngUnit,Model9030,oranycompatibl
e0-5V
cont
rolunit
,tobeappli
edt othegati
ngci r
cuitsofthethyr
ist
ors.Thesignal
sarei
nputinthe
PowerThy r
istorsmodulet
hroughanine-pinconnector.
Sixmi ni
aturebananaj acksinthissectionareusedast estpoint
stomoni tort
hef i
ri
ngcontr
ol
signal
susi nganoscill
oscope.Theycanal sobeusedtoinj
ect0-
5Vpulse
signal
sfromanal ter
natefi
ri
ngunit,aswellastoinhibi
teachgat i
ngcircui
t.ThePowerThy r
ist
ors
modul ealsoincludesasy nchronizati
onout puttotr
iggeranoscill
oscopewhenobser vi
ngthe
fi
ringcontrolsignalsaswellasaf i
ri
ngcont roldi
sableinputt
hatpreventsall
sixpower
thyri
stor
sfrombei ngfi
red.

Dat
aAcqui
sit
ionI
nter
face:

TheDataAcquisi
ti
onandCont rol I
nter
face(DACI )isav er
sat i
l
eUSBper i
pheralusedf or
measuri
ng,
observi
ng, analyzing,andcont r
ollingelectr
icalandmechani calparamet ersinelect
ri
c
powersyst
emsandpowerel ectronicscir
cuits.Forthesepur poses,asetofcomput er-based
i
nstr
umentsaswel lasav ari
etyof contr
olfunctionsareav ail
ablefortheDACI .These
i
nstr
umentsandcont rolfunct i
onsar eaccessedt hroughtheLVDAC- EMSsof t
war e.TheLVDAC-
EMSsoftware,aswellasal lavailableupgrades, i
sfreeandcanbedownl oadedany timeont he
Fest
oDidacti
cwebsite.
Together ,t
heDACIandt heLVDAC- EMSsof twareal l
owt r
aini
nginv ar i
ousareassuchaselect
ri
c
power technology,ac/dcmachi nes,renewabl eener gy,transmissi
onl ines,andpowerelect
roni
cs
usingmoder nandv er
satil
emeasur i
nginstrument sandcont rol
funct
ions. LVDAC-
EMSal sooffersthepossibil
i
tytousepre-bui
ltSCADAi nterfacesforsev eralappli
cati
onst
oease
theviewandunder st
andingoft hepr ocesstakingpl
ace. Theuserguidepr ovi
dedall
owsst
udents
toqui
ckl ybecomef amili
arwi t
htheinstrument sandcont r
olfuncti
onsav ail
abl
e.
Power
Suppl
y:

ThePowerSuppl yi senclosedi naf ul

l-
sizeEMSmodul e.Itcanbeusedt opowermostoft he
EMSmodul esoft heElect r
ici
tyandNewEner gyTraini
ngEqui pment .ThisPowerSuppl yprovides
dcpower andacpower ,fi
xedandv ari
able,si
ngle-phaseandt hree-phase.Color-
codedsaf ety
bananaj acks
provideaccesst oallt
hepower sour cesint
hePower Supply
.Allthesepower sourcescanbeusedsimulta
neously,providedt hatthet otalcurrentdrawndoesnotexceedt hemaxi mum cur rentrati
ng.A
built
-i
nv oltmeterwi t
hsel ectorswi t
chandl i
quidcr y
staldisplay( LCD)indicatesthevoltage
providedbyanyoft hepower sources.Thei nputandoutput sof t
hePowerSuppl y
areprotect
ed
byindependent circuitbreakers.

BaseUni
t:

Thisisthecent r
aluni
tforconnectionofl aborator
yequipmentf ordi
fferenttrai
ning
exerci
seswithintheconceptofpowerel ectronics.Thebaseuni ti
sanet wor kwith
socketsforplug-i
nofthedif
ferentlaboratoryexperimentcards.Toincreaset hescope
ofthebaseuni t,t
hereishel
pfunctioncard,HK1, whi
chconsistsoft
wov ari
able
DCsupplyunitsandasignal
generator(
AC) .
TheBaseUni tcanbeloadedwithlaborat
orycar
ds
whi
chhavebeencar
eful
l
ydesignedtosui
teachpar
ti
cul
arareaofstudy
.TheLabCar
dsar
e
pl
acedi
nslot
sandareautomati
cal
lypoweredvi
aaD-subconnect
or.

Labor
ator
yCar
dIK1:
 Thebottom halfofthecardconsi stsofcompl et
est abil
izedAC/DCconv er
terwi t
hthe
possibi
li
tytosolveafewdi f
ferentcircuitprobl
ems.Thi si sdoneusi ng“
jumper s”withmarki
ngJ
foll
owedbyaser iesnumber .
Thejumper sareavail
ableinbot hmini
aturemodel f
or 2.
54
mmdi st
ance,andtype4mmwi th19mm di st
ance.Thel astment i
onedcanber eplacedwit
h
normallaborat
oryconnect i
ngcabl es.Whendi sconnectingtheminijumperstheyare
placedi
noneofthefreesocketsforstorage.

Concl
usi
on:
Inthi sl abwest udiedaboutt heequi pment st hatwewi llbeusi ngi nthi slabofpower
elect roni cs.Firstofal lwest udi edaboutt hewor kst ationwhi chisact uall
yt hecompl ete
packageoft hedev icest hatwewi llbeusi ngi nt hisl ab.Nextwest udiedaboutt heresi sti
v e
l
oadi thast hreebanksofpowerr esi storseachbankhasaboutt hreer esistorsconnect edin
paral l
elwi theachot herandhassi xbananaj acks. Thencomest hecapaci tiveload,like
resist i
v el oadi talsohav eni necapaci torsbuti naddi tiont oalloft hati tal
sohasadi schar ge
resist orat t
achedt oitwhi chreducest hechar geacr osst hecapaci torsupt o5%wi thin25
seconds.Nextcomest hei nduct i
vel oadwhi chhasni nei nductorscanbeusedsepar atelyor
combi ned. Nextcomest heI GBTchopper ,sixI GBTsar eusedt oimpl ementchopperand
i
nv er t
erci rcuit.seventhI GBTi susedt ot ackl eov erheat ing.Thencomespowert hy
ristor s
whi chcanbeusedasar ectif
ierithassi xt hy rist
or sf i
ringcont rolisusedt opr eventt he
thyrist orsf rom bei ngf i
red.NextcomesDat aAcqui siti
oni nterfacei tisusedt o
measur e,obser ve,analyzeandcont rol elect r
icalandmechani calinel ect ri
calpower
syst em. Thencomest hepowersuppl ywhi chi susedt opowerupt hemostofEMS. Thi s
prov idesbot hacanddcpower ,fi
xedandv ariable,singleandt hreephase. Italsocomeswi t
h
LCDwhi chshowt hev alueofv olt
age. NextcomesBaseuni twhichi susedt ocheckanduse
l
abor at orycar d.Labor atorycar dconsi stofhal fandf ullwav er ectifi
er, t
wocapaci t
or susedas
af i
lter ,
zenordi odeusedasar egul ator ,
ar egul atorIC, thy ri
stors,di acandt ri
ac.