You are on page 1of 29

a -1 Wter eourtesp- Asobe irobt Resder DC (St-

ile EditView gn wndow Help

Home ools 4-01


ate e Sign In

Water resources are divided: Export


Po

be
Waterresources are divisible into two distinct en CE
Eport PDF

Fies
sto wiond

resources and
|categories the surface-water lect Pi
of these 00spf
the ground-water resources. Eachwater
X
401

categories is a part
of the earth's erd

called the hydrologic cycle, ih


circulatory system,
is derived from which is rainfall
and precipitation, Colma

plus snow. Water in he

steam Edit
P

Create PDe

Condena

unat

ombine ile

EU organize

,t and
e-ag Pa

Oceams

Gr
AN
AP
&Sign In

Distribute of water on Earth

p
Bpot POF

Fresh
water
Distribution of Earth's Water

Other 2
es
Adebe

Salect Po
Export

a
POF

ta vios

3
Rivers
0.9Surface
water
Ground 0.3% wamps ovet
water Minoso werd
.19%

Icecaps
Saline Lakes
Conve
(Oceans) 879%
97% b8./0
atdt
POF

Create PO

Earth's water
Cor
Ommen
Freshwater Fresh

Surtace water
Combine Files

(liquid)

This is how the water is distribute on Earth.


If you could see here that is most amount of Convert, ed md e-ign PD

Water in the oceans.


euspif obe entt hender DE

(61-0rt
o 00 001 atresA Oa Sign

This is another EXport Po

graphic about the dobe Export POF

world's water and or Extel Crli

how it is distributed. 04-01 Wete.0urt

35
mllion km' (2.5%)

Here also you could

see that the total


volume in the Corve

hydrosphere of
Sahster n
oce
an
130
hdlion km
(96
water is 1386 M km2?
(1007) Create P

Commen

Combine Files

v
Organize Pages

in r
Se6mion km (10 arm agreements
Fle tdt Vew Sgn window

Sign In

Sources of Fresh Water Eport

Adebe Export
PDF

PDF

overt PCE Fies to Vior

Surface water: alect DF F


Surface water is water in a at pdX
river, lake or fresh
water wetland. Surface water is oet 1
naturally
replenished by precipitation and naturally lost pocument Language

through discharge to the oceans,


and evaporation,
sub-surface seepage.

dit PD
reate PDF

Comment

Combine Files

E Organize Pages

Comert, egrement
and
e-gn
Po
Seard Sgnat
Ground Water:
o port POF

Sub-surfacewater, or groundwater,is fresh


water located in the pore space of soil and
rocks. Itis also water that is flowing within
aquifers below the water table. orwert 0

Desalination: ocumont
oh
Language
U5) Change

Desalination is an artificial Corvet

process by which saline


water (generally sea water) Edit PDF

is converted to fresh water. L Create PDE

Co omment

Combine Fil

E Organize Pages

agwmeets
Jeardh

FrozenWater: Bport o
Several schemes have been proposed to make Eport
o
use of icebergs as awater source, however to Orire

date this has only been done for novelty ect OF


purposes. Glacier runoff is considered to be
Surface water.
e
Documart an

Under River flow

Edit POF

Create Po

Comment

Combine iles

organize Pages

emert, edt andg


eu meee
eo 0
ender DC
091ea

Walw lesc.
Sign in

Sesrah
gnatur

Water Resources Export P

Adobe
Are sources of water that Laport

Excel

are useful to humans.Uses


of water include
agricultural, industrial Maoso werd C4be
household, recreational and ocumert anguage

gih u Chango

environmnental activifies.
Virtually all of these human
uses require fresh water.
Edit POF

Create o
Comme
Combine aes
E
Organze vages

omert, t and eg
wments

nal
Dey
001 Wiatr laso
Sign In

How dopeople Water use

Resource7 E bport PDF


Divide
port PoF

eBxces Crline

Household LPersonal Use Recreational activities


e pd
Washing dishes Washing the teeth Go to the pool. omvert to
Watering the plants Drinking water Go to the beach.
Putting out the fire Take a shower
hcrOsot VWerd dbo
Walk
Give water for the cows in the pool for
Going to the bathroom recovering health.
Watering the grass Walk in the pool for
Washing the car Skiing in the mountains.
recovering health
Fish in the lakes. Canvert
Play with a ball in the
iver
Surfeit in the ocean Eit POF

Picture: Create PDF


Picture:
Picture: omment

Combine Files

Eu
organize Pages

9n tal
Wereowtpi-*soeeer Srsier DC
(fstee
Fie tdit View 9 io p

Sg

Soniture

Uses of water sport o


It that 69% Adoe Eaport vor
Agricultural: isestimated
is
of worldwide water use for irrigation, or Escel Crine

with
15-35T%
of irrigation withdrawals SalectDDF F
is a 04-01 aartespof X
being unsustainable. Aquaculture
small but growing agriculturaluse of
water.

Industrial: estimated that 15%


It is
of worldwide water use is industrial.
The distribution of industrial water
usage that is varies widely, buT as a
whole is lower than agriculturaluse.

L Create PDF

ommet

Combine rl
This is the process of
irrigation U Orane ages

fum a

ay
eucespobe iei
esder Oc 01-0r1
e bdit View gn wiaow Help

Home ools 04-01 Walwr Tlesou..


O&Sign

Sgnztura

Uses of water port Po

It is estimated that 69%


Agricultural:
use is for irrigation,
of worldwide water or Btel Crline

15-35% of
With irrigation withdrawals
04-01
is Wete.o
being unsustainable. Aquaculture a p

small but growing agriculturaluse of


water.

It is estimated that 15%


Industrial:
is
of worldwide water use industrial.
The distributionof water Canert
industrial
usage that varies widely, but as a
is

whole is lower than agricultural use.


de POF

Creatle Po

Comment

Combine riles

This is the process of irrigation


organitePages

orms agreem

-s6
MC ST AS MV N
Olew
Homelools
h window

M-01
eip
Wiale" ca In
Sign

Household: It is
Recreational water:use that 15% of Bspot PoF
is usually a very small estimated
but
of use is Adobe Export POF

growing percentage worldwide water Fie


total water use for household
purposes.
E ie wort

These include drinking


Recreational water use is o
te.respa
X
water, bathing, cooking.
mostly tied to resenyoirs. onert t
Sanifafion, and gardening. wined

EtPDE
Cresie POF

comment

Combine Files

Environmental: Explicit organize Pages


environmental water use is also
a very small
but growing
percentage of total wafer use. ,nt g and

sa7Dey h
E wSgh window Hetp

Home ools 04-01


Water Tlescu
M
O Sign In

Export
vo

How to conserve water PDF

or Extel Cele

f you want
to learnhow
to conserver water and protectingthe environment,
water a way to make positive impact. A Wte espl*
earning fo conserve is
not
greatf
like much, in reality
a cost up to
DaO1

four-minute shower may sound but can vert to

are d5x)
40 gallons. But don't worry-there ways to change water-hogging
household habits into leaner, greener activities. anguga

Water Conservation Tips


Run your dishwasher for only full loads. Carwe

Turn off the fap when you brush your teeth.


Check your faucets and toilets for leaks.
tdie PDF
Take shorrer showers. Create PDF

Water your lawn in the morning Comment

Use a cover on your


pool. arres f Combine Files
Ousenowater
Wash your car with a nozzle on the hose. EU
organine Phges
stern we cou
ave
farm Agre nte
me

7Dey hal
Fru
eer
e eercphmbe eiee fesderOC 01-er
tait View gh widow ep
Home 1ools
401Wate Tescu*
ign In

ardh

We are fortunate enough to live in a place where Export PDF

clean water flows freely on demand, it can be


easy
to for From your
take it granted daily dishwashing
to your daily shower, every drop of this
roufine
nafural resource iS
precious. Practicing
conservation is not only good for the environment, orvet t

but can save you money in


energy bills.
ocumont anguage
u3 Change

com

dit PDEF

Create PDF

Combine Files

xww.aa i
u
Organre aget

Comvert

*grrements
le
HOme
Edit

o
vewSgn indow
04-01
Help

Viater flesou Sign In

Dams Export PDF

Dam is a solid
barrier constructed at a suitable port
CervecPes
PoE
to vor

location across a river valley to store


flowing
water.
Corvert t
hcrosom

Storage of water is utilized for following wend doo

objectives:
Hydropower
Irrigation
Water for domestic consumption atPDE

Drought and flood control Create PDr

For navigational

g
Comment
facilities

Other additional Combine


utilizationis to develop fisheries
tiles

OrganizePages

P
Home 0os D4-01 Tasou
Vial Sgni

Structure of Dam erh Sgature

Export POF

Upstream Crest Down stream Adlobe Eport


Po

cenwet cFiesto wiors

way
Spillwa

(Inside dam)
cowet t0

NW---
Normal hcrosWre aba
Document ang
Water level Ergigh ausa Chanoe

Free board
Sluice waay Eit PO

Create PO
Gallery
ommen

Combine Files

Heel
Toe
Fle
bot View

Sign in

Gravity Dams: Export PDF

Bhakra Dam is the highest Concrete Gravity dam in Asia and Rdobe Export PD
Second Highest in the world.
erBac Crline

Bhakra Dam is across river Sutlej in Himachal Pradesh


The construction of this project was started in the year 1948 and
was
It 740completed
is
high above
ft.
in 1963 .
the deepest foundation as
straight concrete dam beng more than three
hiroset eetdse
ocumant Language
Times the height of Qitab Minar. Engith 5.
Chango
at top 518.16 m (700 fect); Width at base 190.5 m (625 feet), and at
Length
feet)
the top is 9.14 m (30
Conet
Bhakra Dam is the highest Concrete
Gravity dam in Asia and Second Highest in the world.

dit PDF

Create PD

Comaen

Combine Files

EU Organze Pages
wo elp

O Sign l

aardh

EMpont

dobe
EApO

Werd

Documont Language

Engich u53 Change

canvert

dit PDE

o Create PD

Comment

Combine Files

U Organize Pages

fars
H
File
etpobe
tot 9 View
cotet
ender
O
061-0)

oWep
-01
O o01s Water lesc.
O a Sign In

Buttress Dam:
L Expot PoF

Buttress Dam - sa gravity dam reinforced by structural supportss Adobe Export PDF

conven PC Fies to Viore


Buttress a support that transmits a force
another supporting structure froma roof or wall to Salect PD

This type of structure can be considered even if the foundation


rocks are little Wreass
weaker
Documanit Lnguage
Engish dU53 Cange

tPD

L Create POF

Comment

Combine Files

Organize Phges

Cemvert, eht ant egn POF


ents
32
AP MV ST
Eo
Home
Viewg window Help

o0 -01Vatr Hescu sg n

Arch Dams: pont o


These typeof dams are concreteor masonry damns
Crine
which are curved or convex upstream in plan
This shape helps to transmit the major part ofthe wet t
water load to the abutments erdca

ww
Arch dams are built across narrow, deep river gorges,
but now in recent years they have been considered
even for little wider vallevs
Edt POF

Create PDF

omment

res
combine

Organize'ages

and
arms e-sign
ents
PD

92
AP MV ST RR
SS AN
Home O Sgnn

potPD

rBxte rine

alect P
04e1 ete.arpa X

ocumGrt

Conve

Create P0

Comment

Combine Files

LU organine
Pages

Hoover Dam
arms
Fe Edit View Sgn window Help

EMBANKMENT DAMS (Rock Fill or Earth Fill Dams)


t tspot PoF

They are mostly composed of natural materials such as, clay, sand,
Adole taport
Po

Excel orine
gravel etcC.

or
Impervious core is placed in the middle of the embankment body 04 te.artespdf x

Generally riprap is used to control erosion arer

Sepage Jne Documrt rguagt

Change
s

Convet

MStenai

Rocks (perviOUs) tat PDF

LCreale PDF

Combine Files

EU Organize Pages w

f aarremens

Fa 7 Day wal
DE.91-64
w Seourcespr*Aubeiee erder

Home

COMPOSITE DAMS port P


Adebe PDF

Composite dams
Exp
are combinations of one or more dam

rt
types. Most often a large section of a dam will be either an
crine

embankment or gravity dam, with the section responsible tpofX


for power generation being a buttress or arch. Corvert t0

Tdt POF

E Create PDF

omment

Combine Files

organize Papes

Gravity& Rock Fill


, amdf e-sign PO
Home ools A-O1
Wt eic

COFFER DAMS hSignatur

Poe
Bxport

Adebe Lport PoE


Temporary structures (sheet-pile, water-tight) that allow
er Exe
construction operations Crline

Salect OP Fi

ate.d0urpaf X
Diverts flow from construction areas until work completed

rgih dus Cange

Convet

o Create PDF

omment

TCombine Files

organie vaget

fr N aqrremn
EE
Homelools
winow ep
4-31ater fescu O Sign

port P
It also picks up particles of organic
matter and bacteria.
E
Expor

Crine
Vnn

As surface water seeps downward into the soil and through the Wae.ompdX
underlying material to the water table, most of the suspended Conveft t
particles are filtered out.
end (
This natural filtration may be partially effective in removing
bacteria and other particulate materials.

However, thechemical characteristics ofthewater may E dit PDE

change and vary widely when it comes in contact with mineral veale PDF

deposits. omment

As surface water seeps down to the water table, it dissolves


Organze
ombine Files

some ofthe minerals contained in the soil and rocks. Papes

Groundwater, therefore, often


minerals thansu eo C BE
contains more dissolved vert, et and e-ign POI
.
Sources of water

Surface water

Ground water

Frozen water

Rain water

Cx to add nctes

s6 MR ST n Conments
Home ools DA-01 *
Wa es

How dopeople use Water


Resources
Divide

Household Personal Use Recreational activities

Washing dishes Washing the teeth Go to the pool.


Watering the plants water
Drinking
Take a
Go to the beach.
-Putting out the firee Walk in thepool for
shower
Give water for the cows Going to the bathroom recovering health.
Watering the grassS Walk in the pool forr mountains.
Skiing in the
Washing the car recovering health
Fish in the lakes.
Play with a ball in the
river
Surfeit in the ocean

Picture: Picture: Picture:


Water Resources
Are sources of water that
are useful to humans. Uses
of water include
agricultural,industrial,
household, recreational and
environmental activities.
Virtuallyall of these human
uses require fresh water.
e -1 l esc

Frozen Water:
Several
schemes have been proposed to make
use of icebergs asa water source, however to
date this
has only been done for novelty
purposes. Glacier runoff is considered to be
Surface water.

Under River flow


Owep
ome ols a-01 Wate est

Ground Water:

Sub-surface water, or groundwater, is fresh


water located in the pore space of soil and
rocks. It is also water that is flowing within
aquifers below the water table.

Desalination:

Desalination is an artificial
process by which saline
water (generally sea water)
is converted to fresh
water.

You might also like