Canadian Wood Council Publications and Tools For Wood Design Robertson Rocchi

Toronto
Wood Solutions Fair 2015 CWC Tools & Publications
CWC Publications,
Software & Design Tools
Adam Robertson, M.A.Sc., P.Eng. and Kevin Rocchi, MASc., E.I.T.
November 24th 2015
Toronto, ON
Canadian Wood Council
G063
CWC Publications, Software and Tools
Kevin Rocchi, MASc., E.I.T.
Adam Robertson, M.A.Sc., P.Eng.
Canadian Wood Council
November 24, 2015
Kevin Rocchi & Adam Robertson 1
Toronto Wood Solutions Fair 2015 CWC Tools & Publications
The Canadian Wood Council represents the
Canadian wood products industry through a
national federation of Associations:
www.cwc.ca
CWC produces and communicates technical information to
architects, engineers, builders, and other specifiers on
how to use wood in buildings from structural, fire,
durability, and sustainability design perspectives.
Presentation Outline
1. Publication: Wood Design Manual 2015
2. Publication: Introduction to Wood Design
3. Publication: Permanent Wood Foundations 2016
4. Software: WoodWorks® Design Office
5. Publication: Span Book
6. Publication: Engineering Guide for Wood Frame
Construction 2014
7. Free online tool: Wall Thermal Design Calculator
8. Free online tool: Carbon Calculator
9. Publication: Environmental Product Declarations
Construction 2014
Wood Design Manual 2015
WDM 2015 Organization

2) Bending members
3) Compression members
4) Tension members
5) Combined loads
6) Bearing
7) Fastenings
8) Shearwalls & diaphragms
9) Applications
10) Design for fire safety
11) Reference information
12) CSA commentary
WDM 2015 Organization

2) Bending members
3) Compression members
4) Tension members
5) Combined loads
6) Bearing
7) Fastenings
8) Shearwalls & diaphragms
9) Applications
10) Design for fire safety
11) Reference information
12) CSA commentary
Shearwalls and Diaphragms
• Revise the lateral design chapter in accordance

with NBC 2015 & CSA O86-14
• Provide new shearwall and diaphragm

selection tables based on CSA O86-14
• Revise design examples in accordance with

new seismic design provisions in NBC 2015
• Address mid-rise design (5-6 storey)
Shearwalls and diaphragms
• ~30 pages of shearwall and diaphragm selection

tables for different combination of sheathing,
studs and nail size and spacing:
• Derived mechanics-based approach

• Indicate failure mode; fastener or panel buckling
• Indicate appropriateness for wind or seismic design
• Includes power driven nails
• Address high capacity shearwalls and diaphragms
High-capacity shearwalls and diaphragms

• Midply shearwalls – double shear
Stud or
Plate Sheathing
89 mm 38 mm 38 mm
ns = 2
Grain Stud or
direction Plate
Nail in Nail in double

single shear shear
High-capacity shearwalls and diaphragms

• Diaphragms with multiple rows of fasteners
Design for fire safety
Fire resistance of large cross-section wood

elements
• Annex B of CSA O86-14:
• Addresses solid sawn timber, glued-laminated timber

and structural composite lumber (LVL, LSL, PSL)
• Ability to include contribution of gypsum board
• Guidance on protection of connections
Construction 2014
Introduction to Wood Design
Overview
• aims to assist readers in becoming familiar

with wood design
• by understanding the design performance properties

of wood as a building material
• by teaching background information on reliability,

safety and limit states design criteria
• by learning how to design structural timber elements

using a first principles approach
Structural Form
• Factors influencing structural form & approximate span
ranges for structural systems
Design Properties of Wood
Wood Products
Design for alternative loadings

(axial, tension, bending, combined loading)
Connections – Shear plates
Connections – Bolts
Connections – Lag screws (or lag bolts)
Connections – Timber rivets (or glulam rivets)
Connections – Nails
Lateral Load Resisting Systems
Sample Building Design
• Design examples provided for major structural components

of an office/warehouse
Construction 2014
Permanent Wood Foundations 2016
• New edition of the CWC
publication Permanent
Wood Foundations
• Last updated in 1997
• Scheduled to be available
for purchase in early 2016

• Most common in Prairies and
Northern/remote locations
• First ones built as early as 1950
and are still performing well
today
• Consists of below grade stud
walls constructed of preservative
treated lumber and plywood
sheathing
• Higher level of preservative
treatment (CCA) Courtesy of Spray Lakes Sawmill
• Revised design tables (up to
3‐storeys above grade):
• Stud sizes & spacing
• Sheathing thickness
• Edge nail spacing
• Footing sizes
• Updated to comply with:
• CSA S406‐14 with 2016
Amendment
• NBC 2015
• CSA O86‐14
• Now permitted
for use in all
Part 9 buildings
(up to 3‐storeys
above grade)
• Now permitted for
use in high wind and
seismic zones
Courtesy of Spray Lakes Sawmill
• New background information, design guidance, and best
practices related to building science, heat transfer and
hygrothermal performance
Why Build a Permanent Wood Foundation?
• Operational energy savings
(higher heat resistance assembly)
• Cost effective during construction
(fewer trades, can be prefabricated and erected in
any weather)
• Remote site
(lack of transportation infrastructure)
• Lower environmental impact over building’s life cycle
(embodied + operational impacts)
• Complies with NBC 2015
Additional information on preservative treatment contact:
http://www.woodpreservation.ca/
PWF Fact Sheet:
http://cwc.ca/publications/technical/fact‐sheets/
CWC publication Permanent Wood Foundations
2016 will be available in early 2016
Construction 2014
SIZER
Gravity Design
Concept mode
Beam mode
Column mode
DATABASE EDITOR Conforms to the
Add proprietary products
NBC 2010 and
CSA O86‐14
SHEARWALLS
Lateral Design (Wind and Seismic)
Electronic copy of CSA O86 included with
CONNECTIONS purchase of Design Office suite ($205 value)
Fasteners
SIZER
Gravity Design
Concept mode
Beam mode
Column mode
DATABASE EDITOR
SHEARWALLS
CONNECTIONS
Fasteners
SIZER
Gravity Design
Concept mode
Beam mode
Column mode
DATABASE EDITOR
SHEARWALLS
CONNECTIONS
Fasteners
SIZER
Gravity Design
Concept mode
Beam mode
Column mode
DATABASE EDITOR
Add proprietary products Tension (‐)
and
compression
SHEARWALLS
Lateral Design (Wind and Seismic) axial forces
CONNECTIONS
Fasteners
SIZER
Gravity Design
Concept mode P
Beam mode P
Column mode P
DATABASE EDITOR
SHEARWALLS
CONNECTIONS
Fasteners
SIZER
Gravity Design
Concept mode
Beam mode
Column mode
DATABASE EDITOR
SHEARWALLS
Products included in generic Cdn
Lateral Design (Wind and Seismic) Sizer:
CONNECTIONS
Fasteners
SIZER
Gravity Design
Concept mode
Column mode
Beam mode
DATABASE EDITOR
SHEARWALLS
Lateral Design
(Wind and Seismic)
CONNECTIONS
Fasteners
Purchase online:
www.woodworks‐software.com
$995
Design Office includes PDF of CSA O86 $205 value
Discounts for multi‐seat purchases
Discounts for upgrades
Sizer stand‐alone available at lower cost
Free for educators and building officials
NBC Part 4 vs. NBC Part 9
Part 4: Part 9:
• Engineered Design • Prescriptive Design
• CSA O86 • Span Tables in Appendix
• Section 9.23.13 of NBC
More Guidance on Prescriptive
Wood Design Manual
Design in CWC publications
WoodWorks® Software
Construction 2014
Span Book 2009 Edition
• Spans for Wood members in
Part 9 of the NBC were
developed by the CWC
• Referenced in Appendix of the
NBC as an alternative method
for selecting spans for Part 9
structures
• Span Book includes the same
spans as Part 9 Appendix,
except more options/flexibility
Guidance on Part 9 Design Assumptions
Part 9 Design Assumptions
Part 9 Design Assumptions
More Options for Joists
More Options for Lintels
More Options for Lintels
Part 9 Provides lintel spans based on maximum
Tributary Width of 4.9 m
Spans Available in Imperial Units
Construction 2014
Engineering Guide for Wood Frame
Construction 2014 Edition
• Updated to conform with NBC 2015
and CSA O86‐14 (Available early
2016)
• Basis of Subsection 9.23.13 of the
NBC ‐ Bracing to Resist Lateral
Loads Due to Wind and Earthquake
• Referenced in Part 9 of the NBC as
an alternative design tool to the
prescriptive design for housing and
small buildings
• Bridges the Gap between a Part 9
(Prescriptive Design) and Part 4
(Engineered Design)
Who uses the Engineering Guide?
•Architects, Engineers, Contractors and Building
Officials who live in areas of Canada which are
considered as High Wind or Seismic Zones
Where do High Wind Zones occur in Canada?
•5 Locations (NBC 2015)
3 in Newfoundland, 1 in North West Territories, and 1
in Alberta
Where do High Seismic Zones occur in Canada?
•50 Locations (NBC 2015)
40 in British Columbia, 7 in Quebec, 2 in Yukon and 1
in New Brunswick
Engineering Guide Format
PART A: Forward
‐How to use it?
PART B: Design Requirements
‐Equations used in Parts C and D
PART C: Supplementary Guidelines on
Applicability and Scope
‐Basis of 9.23.13 of NBC
PART D: Supplementary Tables
‐Tables to Develop loads and Design
Components
Why have there been Changes to Part C of
the Engineering Guide?
•Updated procedure in Part 4 of the NBC
2015 for calculating seismic loads
Increase in total base shear for small
buildings less than 3 stories
•Updated seismic climatic data in NBC 2015
A number of locations (Including
Victoria, BC), would no longer be
allowed to be designed following Part 9
Braced Wall Framing Details: Typical Wall Sheathing Connection
in the NBC 2010 and Engineering
Guide 2009:
• 3/8” thick sheathing (9.5 mm)
• 2 ¼” long nail (2.84 mm dia, 57
mm long)
• 6 inch panel edge spacing (150
mm)
• 12 inch panel interior spacing
(300 mm)
• unblocked wall
Updated Braced Wall Panel Construction Details Table
Sa(0.2) =0.249 (Toronto in NBC 2015)
Updated Braced Wall Panel Construction Details Table
Example using Part D of the Guide
Ridge Plate (Not a Beam) –
Snow Load Does not Resist vertical Load
How Many Nails?
SL = 1 kPa Construction 2014 Edition
12
6
8 m
Rafter Spacing = 600 mm
Roof Slope = 6/12
Building Width = 8 m
Specified Roof Snow Load = 1 kPa (Toronto)
Prescriptive
Design
Prescriptive
Design
Engineered
Design
Engineered
Design
Additional Guidance in Guide
on Raised Ties
Additional Guidance in Guide
on Rafter Connection at Roof Ridge (Wind)
Construction 2014
Wall Thermal Design Calculator
www.cwc.ca/wtd
www.cwc.ca
Design Tools
Wall Thermal Design
What’s the Purpose of the Wall Thermal
Design Calculator?
To provide designers with climate‐zone
appropriate insulated wall assembly
solutions:
•easily comparable with prescriptive energy
efficiency requirements (NECB, NBC,
Provincial)
•with a climate specific durability assessment
Nominal vs Effective R‐values
Nominal R‐value: Effective R‐value:
Installed R‐value of the R‐value including the
insulation components only, contribution of framing members
as labelled on the product. (spacing and material type)
Example: R19/20 batts
R19 batt (wood studs)
R20 batt (metal studs)
National Energy Requirements (Wall Effective R values):
SB‐12
Nominal insulation R 22 to 27
Ontario Zone 1 Ontario Zone 2
Climate zones (HDD 18 °C) and modelled cities
Edmonton
Zone: 7A
HDD: 5120
MI: 0.48 St John’s
Zone: 6
Vancouver: HDD: 4800
Zone: 4 MI: 1.41
HDD: 2950
MI: 1.69 Montreal
Toronto Zone: 6
Zone: 5 HDD: 4500
HDD: 3800 MI: 0.93
MI: 0.87
Min Effective R‐value
Walls
Sudbury… Zone: 7A
NECB 2011 R27
ASHRAE 90.1 2010 R19.6
OBC SB‐10 (up to 2016) R21.8
Guelph… Zone: 6
NECB 2011 R23
ASHRAE 90.1 2010 R19.6
OBC SB‐10 (up to 2016) R21.8
Toronto… Zone: 5
NECB 2011 R20.4
ASHRAE 90.1 2010 (Residential) R19.6
OBC SB‐10 (up to 2016, Res) R21.8
Effective R‐value calculation for 2x6 at 16” o.c. (brick + air
space, plywood, gypsum):
RF = 6.75 RC = 19 Step 1: Calculate stud cavity
effective insulation:

% %

= 13.40
23% (area of 77% (area of
framing) cavity insulation)
Step 2: Add in series all layers of
the continuous materials in the
Air film 0.17 assembly, including air films and
Brick 0.40
Air space 1.02 “still air” spaces.
Plywood 0.62 = 3.34
Gypsum 0.45
Air film 0.68 Step 3: 13.40 + 3.34 =
Total 3.34
continuous Reff = 16.74
SB‐12 (Zone 1) after December 31, 2016:
Example: Toronto - R24 Nominal
Example: Toronto ‐ R24 Nominal
Choices narrowed to 4
Scroll to the right to specify cladding
and other details
Wall assembly
components...
…and assembly RSI and R values
Durability
Durability assessment
www.cwc.ca/wtd
Questions / suggestions:
Email: wtd@cwc.ca
www.cwc.ca
Design Tools
Wall Thermal Design
Construction 2014
Online Carbon Calculators
For Wood Buildings
• www.cwc.ca Design Tools Carbon Calculator
Carbon Estimator – Generic Analysis
Carbon Estimator – Generic Analysis
Online Carbon Calculators
For Wood Buildings
• www.cwc.ca Design Tools Carbon Calculator
Carbon Calculator – Detailed Analysis
(ESSB, Vancouver – Perkins + Will)
Siding & Roofing species:
Western Red Cedar/Eastern White Cedar
Carbon Case Study – Fondaction, QC
• 6‐storey office building
• Performance‐based
alternative solution
• 60,000 ft2 of floor area
• 400,000 board feet of FSC‐certified glulam (2010 FSC award winner)
• Torrefied aspen for exterior ceilings & façade accents
• Design inspired by IPCC report recommending the use of wood building products
instead of concrete or steel to mitigate climate change effects
GHA Architecture et Developpement
Carbon Case Study – Library Square, B.C.
• 6‐storey mixed‐use
• 35,500 ft2 library + retail
• 150 condominium units
• Originally conceived as a concrete
structure – put on hold due to cost
• Redesigned in wood after 2009 BCBC
changes allowed for 6‐storey wood‐
frame construction
JM Architecture
Construction 2014
Environmental Product Declarations (EPD)
• Declaration conveying LCA‐derived
environmental impact data about products
• Similar to nutrition labels on food products
• Transparently discloses standardized data
about the potential environmental impacts
• Simple & user‐friendly mechanism to bring
LCA information to product specifiers
Whole‐Building Evaluation Tools
• Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
– Scientific‐based, objective evaluation methodology
– Based on environmental modeling of impacts
– Potential impact indicators (GWP, eutrophication,
acidification, ozone depletion, etc.)
(Tackle Climate Change, Use Wood) (USEPA)
(JRC‐EU)
EPD for Western Red Cedar Bevel Siding
Data for ½” x 6”, Clear Grade, Painted
EPDs for North American Wood Products
• Industry wide EPDs for wood products
(available at cwc.ca/green/epds)
1. Softwood lumber
2. Plywood
3. OSB
4. Glulam
5. LVL
6. I‐Joists
7. Preservative treated lumber (ACQ & Borate)
• Qualifies for M&R credits under LEED v4
www.reusewood.org
Other Online Tools!
Questions/ Comments?
This concludes The American
Institute of Architects Continuing
Education Systems Course
Adam Robertson, M.A.Sc., P.Eng. and Kevin Rocchi, MASc., E.I.T.
helpdesk@cwc.ca
support@woodworks‐software.com
Canadian Wood Council www.cwc.ca
Wood WORKS! BC www.wood‐works.org

Canadian Wood Council Publications and Tools For Wood Design Robertson Rocchi

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Canadian Wood Council Publications and Tools For Wood Design Robertson Rocchi

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Toronto

Wood Design Manual 2015

WDM 2015 Organization

WDM 2015 Organization

Shearwalls and Diaphragms

• Revise the lateral design chapter in accordance

• Provide new shearwall and diaphragm

• Revise design examples in accordance with

• Address mid-rise design (5-6 storey)

Shearwalls and diaphragms

• ~30 pages of shearwall and diaphragm selection

• Derived mechanics-based approach

High-capacity shearwalls and diaphragms

Nail in Nail in double

High-capacity shearwalls and diaphragms

Design for fire safety

Fire resistance of large cross-section wood

• Addresses solid sawn timber, glued-laminated timber

• Ability to include contribution of gypsum board

• Guidance on protection of connections

Introduction to Wood Design

• aims to assist readers in becoming familiar

• by understanding the design performance properties

• by teaching background information on reliability,

• by learning how to design structural timber elements

Design Properties of Wood

Design for alternative loadings

Connections – Shear plates

Connections – Lag screws (or lag bolts)

Connections – Timber rivets (or glulam rivets)

Lateral Load Resisting Systems

Sample Building Design

• Design examples provided for major structural components

Permanent Wood Foundations 2016

Permanent Wood Foundations 2016

Permanent Wood Foundations 2016

Permanent Wood Foundations 2016

Permanent Wood Foundations 2016

Permanent Wood Foundations 2016

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