Installation Of Water Cut Analyzers

Examples
of
Good and Poor Methods

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Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Flow Through Analyzer Installation

4 3 2 1

D
Top D
TOP VIEW
View

C C

B B

Side View
PHASE DYNAMICS, INC

Earth
PHASE DYNAMICS

RICHARDSON, TEXAS
A TITLE A
FLOW THROUGH
TYPICAL INSTALLATION
SIZE DWG NO. DATE

C SK-1 8 8 1 0/ 2 0/ 00
REV
C PHASE DYNAMICS, INC.

4 3 2 1

2
Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Correct Flow Through Installation

TOP VIEW

Static Mixer

Pitot Tube
Homogeneous Mixture
3
Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Incorrect Flow Through Installation

This Mounting
Allows Gas or Oil
to Build up In the
Analyzer Unless
The Flow Rate is
High Enough to
Flush it Through

4
Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Incorrect Flow Through Installation

Example of Meandering
Flow Pattern Which
Can Create Problems
At Lower Flow
Rates by Separating
and Holding up Water,
Gas or Oil

5
Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Incorrect Flow Through Installation

• Analyzer Highest
Place in the Piping -
Should be In the
Same Plane
• Analyzer on the
Input Side of the
Pump Instead of the
Output

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Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Incorrect Flow Through Installation

Better than
Previous but,
This Mounting
Would Favor
Holding up
Gas

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Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Correct Flow Through Installation

Best Overall
This Mounting
Allows
Everything That
Goes In to Go
Through and
Out

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Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Correct “L” Analyzer Installation

4 3 2 1

D D

Top
TOP VIEW

View
C C

B B

Side View
PHASEDYNAMICS PHASE DYNAMICS, INC
A
Earth A
RICHARDSON, TEXAS
TITLE

FLOW THROUGH
TYPICAL INSTALLATION
SIZE DWG NO. DATE

C SK- 188A 1 0/ 2 0/ 0 0
REV
C PHASE DYNAMICS, INC.

4 3 2 1

9
Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Correct Insertion Installation

4 3 2 1

D D

TOP VIEW
Top
C View C

B B

Side View

PHASE DYNAMICS PHASE DYNAMICS, INC

Earth
RICHARDSON, TEXAS
A TITLE
A
INSERTION METER
SMALL RUN PIPE DIAMETER
SIZE DWG NO. DATE

C SK- 188B 10/ 20/ 00

REV
C PHASE DYNAMICS, INC.
4 3 2 1

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Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Insertion Installation in Elbow

TOP
Flow Towards End VIEW
Of Analyzer - Prevents
Elbow from Separating
Oil & Water
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Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Incorrect Insertion Installation

Insertion Analyzer

• Weldolet is Too
X Long
• Analyzer is at the
Highest Place -
Gas Can Be
Captured
• Loop Should be
Same Plane as
Rest of Piping
Then What
Comes in Will Go
Out
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Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Incorrect Insertion Installation

• Sensing Region of
Analyzer is Not Into
X The Region of Liquid
Flow- Weldolet and
Flange Spacing Too
Long
• The Analyzer is at
The Highest Place in
the Piping - This Can
Allow Oil or Gas to
Remain in the
Analyzer
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Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Incorrect Insertion Installation

This Mounting Has

Too Long of A
Distance Between
X Pipeline and
Flange - Insertion
Analyzer Does Not
See Main Flow

Too Long

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Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Correct Insertion Installation

• Correct Distance
Between Pipeline and
Analyzer
• Center of Pipeline
Mounting is Correct

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Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Summary

v Need High Enough Flow Rate to Give Sufficient Mixing of the Oil
and Water - Typically Greater Than 2 ft/second.
v Preference is to Mount The Analyzer Such That it is Not the
Highest or Lowest Portion of the Pipeline.
– The Goal is That Everything Which Goes Into the Analyzer
Goes Back Out The Other End.
– Preference is On the Same Plane as the Earth.
v If Liquids Are Higher In Temperature Than 100 Degrees Celsius:
– Mounting Should Be Vertical With The Electronics Down.
– This Prevents The Excessive Heat From Affecting The
Electronics’ Temperature.
v Insertion Analyzers Must Be Mounted Close to the Entry Point -
Excessive Length of Flange and/or Weldolets Will Prevent
Analyzer From Measuring the Real Flowing Liquids.
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Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Obtaining a Good Sample

v Issues Causing Problems In Sampling are:

– Temperature, Density (Oil), Natural Surfactants Present,
Salinity (Water), Viscosity of the Mix, Presence or Absence of
Emulsion Breakers, Velocity at the Sample Port, Physical Pipe
Layout - All Affect Sampling
– Sample Point Must Take Samples From the Center of the
Pipeline
– Static Mixer Upstream of Sample Point is Required
– Small Tubing and Multi-Turn Valve (all less than 1/2 inch
diameter) Should Be Used For Sample Port
v Analyzer Must Be Read During The Sample Extraction
– Don’t Use Time of Pulling Sample and Then Go To The Control
Room To Find Out Analyzer Value - The System Does Not Take
Data Continuously and Time is Not Always The Same
– Pull Sample When the Analyzer is Reading A Steady Value
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Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002
 Sample Port Design

Flow

1/2 “ or Smaller Swagelock Tubing and

Needle Valve
On Side of Pipeline In The Middle Half
45 Degree Facing Upstream
Preferably a Static Mixer Upstream

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Installation0102 © Phase Dynamics, 2002