Name Date: Skills Practice

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
SKILLS PRACTICE
Name Date
PROBLEM SET 1: Understanding Scale Factor
\ Given each pre-image and image, determine the scale factor.
1 Z 2 y
16
14
L M
12
10
P N
8
6 A’
L’ M’
4 A
2 C’
B’
C B
P’ N’ 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 x
I can divide the measure of any

side length of Figure L′M
′N
′P
′ The scale factor is 2.
by the corresponding side length
of Figure LMNP to determine
the scale factor. The scale
factor is 2.2.
3 y 4 y
16 16
L
14 14
12 12
© Carnegie Learning, Inc.
10 10 A’
8 8
L’ J
6 K 6
B’
4 4 A C’
2 J’ K’ 2
C B
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 x 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 x
 21 . 
The scale factor is _ The scale factor is 2.5.
Similarity  Skills Practice 121

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
SKILLS PRACTICE continued
5 L’ 6 M N
M’
M L P
L
M’ N’
L’ P’
Z P
P’ Z
N
N’
 31 . 
The scale factor is _
The scale factor is 1.5.
\ Given the pre-image, scale factor, and center of dilation, use a compass and straightedge to
graph the image.
7 The scale factor is 3, and the center of 8 The scale factor is 4, and the center of
dilation is the origin. dilation is the origin.
y y
A'
16 16
14 14
12 12
10 10
8 8
B'
6 6
A
4 A' 4 B'
B C' C'
2 2
C B
A x C2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 x
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0
I can multiply the coordinates of the

vertices of the pre-image by 3 to
determine the coordinates of the
vertices of the image.
122 Similarity  Skills Practice

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
9 The scale factor is 3.5, and the center of 10 The scale factor is 5, and the center of
y y
F' E'
20 20
16 16
12 D' E' 12
8 F 8
D'
E
4 E 4 F'
D F
0 4 8 12 16 20 x 0 D 4 8 12 16 20 24 x
11 The scale factor is 1.5, and the center of 12 The scale factor is 2, and the center of
y y
F'
16 16
14 14
12 12
10 10
E'
8 A' 8 F
D'
6 A 6
4 4
E D
2 C C' 2
B'
B
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 x 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 x

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
\ Use coordinate notation to determine the coordinates of the image.

13 Triangle ABChas vertices A(1, 2), B(3, 6), 14 Triangle D
EFhas vertices D
(8, 4), E(2, 6),
and C
(9, 7). What are the vertices of the and F
(3, 1). What are the vertices of the
image after a dilation with a scale factor of image after a dilation with a scale factor of
4 using the origin as the center of dilation? 5 using the origin as the center of dilation?
A’ (4, 8), B’ (12, 24), C’ (36, 28) D′(40, 20), E′(10, 30), F′(15, 5)
15 Triangle GHIhas vertices G(0, 5), H(4, 2), 16 Triangle J

KLhas vertices J (6, 2), K(1, 3),
and I(3, 3). What are the vertices of the and L
(7, 0). What are the vertices of the
image after a dilation with a scale factor of image after a dilation with a scale factor of
9 using the origin as the center of dilation? 12 using the origin as the center of dilation?
G′(0, 45), H
′(36, 18), I′(27, 27) J′(72, 24), K′(12, 36), L′(84, 0)
17 Triangle ABChas vertices A(8, 4), B(14, 16), 18 Triangle D

EFhas vertices D(25, 25), E
(15, 10),
and C(6, 10). What are the vertices of the and F(20, 10). What are the vertices of the
image after a dilation with a scale factor  51  
image after a dilation with a scale factor of _
 21   using the origin as the center
of _ using the origin as the center of dilation?
of dilation?
D′(5, 5), E′(3, 2), F′(4, 2)
A′  (4, 2), B
′(7, 8), C′(3, 5)

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
PROBLEM SET 2: Triangle Similarity Theorems

\ Explain how you know that each pair of triangles are similar.
1 2
6 12 cm 12 cm
4 cm 4 cm
3
4 8
7 cm 21 cm
The triangles are similar by the
Side-Angle-Side Similarity Theorem. The triangles are similar by the
Two pairs of corresponding sides Side-Side-Side Similarity Theorem.
are proportional, and the included All corresponding sides
angles are congruent. are proportional.
3 4
8 in. 8 in.
4 in. 4 in.
5 in. 10 in.
40° 60° 40° 60°
The triangles are similar by the Side-Side- Side Similarity Theorem.
Angle- Angle Similarity Theorem. All corresponding sides
Two corresponding angles are proportional.
are congruent.
5 A B 6 F
C
G H
D E I J
 ‾  and BD 

The angles formed by AE   ‾  are Angles FGHand FIJ are
vertical angles, so ∠ACBand ∠ECD corresponding angles, so those
are congruent. Angles A BCand CDE angles are congruent. Similarly,
are both right angles, so they are FHGand FJIare also corresponding
also congruent. So by the Angle- angles, so those angles are also
Angle Similarity Theorem, the congruent. So by the Angle-Angle
triangles formed are similar. Similarity Theorem, the triangles
formed are similar.

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
7 8 B
6 in.
3 in.
8 in. 4 in. D
The known corresponding sides of A C E

the triangles are proportional:
The angles formed by the horizontal
 6
_
3
  = _  8
 21   and _ 4
 21  . The angle between
  = _ line intersecting the two vertical lines
the known sides is a right angle for are right angles, so those angles are
both triangles, so those angles are congruent. Both triangles include
congruent. Therefore, by the Side- ∠E. So by the Angle-Angle Similarity
Angle-Side Similarity Theorem, the Theorem, the triangles formed
triangles are similar. are similar.
\ Determine what additional information you would need to prove that the triangles are similar
using the given theorem.
9 What information would you need to use the Angle-Angle Similarity Theorem to prove that the
triangles are similar?
35° 60°
To prove that the triangles are similar using the Angle-Angle Similarity
Theorem, the first triangle should have a corresponding 60-degree angle,
and the second triangle should have a corresponding 35-degree angle.
10 What information would you need to use the Side-Angle-Side Similarity Theorem to prove that
the triangles are similar?
6m
4m 10 m
To prove that the triangles are similar using the Side-Angle-Side Similarity
Theorem, both pairs of corresponding legs of the triangles must be proportional.

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
11 What information would you need to use 12 What information would you need to use
the Side-Side-Side Similarity Theorem to the Side-Angle-Side Similarity Theorem to
prove that the triangles are similar? prove that the triangles are similar?
5 in. 5 in.
12 cm
6 cm 5 cm
9 in. 9 in.
14 cm
To prove that the triangles are similar
To prove that the triangles are similar using the Side-Angle-Side Similarity
using the Side-Side-Side Similarity Theorem, the included angles
Theorem, all corresponding side between the known side lengths of
lengths between the two triangles both triangles should be congruent.
should be proportional.
13 What information would you need to use 14 What information would you need to use
the Side-Side-Side Similarity Theorem to the Angle-Angle Similarity Theorem to
prove that the triangles are similar? prove that the triangles are similar?
6 ft 110°
4 ft 35°
To prove that the triangles are similar

using the Angle-Angle Similarity
To prove that the triangles are similar Theorem, the first triangle should
using the Side-Side-Side Similarity have a corresponding 35-degree
Theorem, all corresponding side angle, and the second triangle
lengths between the two triangles should have a corresponding
should be proportional. 110-degree angle.
\ Determine whether each pair of triangles is similar. Explain your reasoning.

15 Y
10.8 yd
T R
10 yd
6 yd
X Z S
18 yd
The triangles are similar by the Side-Angle-Side Similarity Theorem because

the included angles in the triangles are congruent and the corresponding
sides are proportional.
TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
16 N
60°
3 in. 2 in.
M O
Q
7.5 in.
150°
5 in. R
The triangles are not similar. The corresponding sides are proportional, but
the included angles are not congruent. So, I cannot use the Side-Angle-Side
Similarity Theorem.
17 V 18 K
5 ft
3 ft
10 m
L
J 6 ft
W X
18 m
I
4.5 m B
A
2.5 m 10 ft 12 ft © Carnegie Learning, Inc.
The triangles are similar by the H

7 ft
G
Side-Angle-Side Similarity Theorem.
The corresponding sides are The triangles are not similar because
proportional, and the included angles not all of the corresponding sides
are congruent. are proportional. So I cannot use the
Side-Side-Side Similarity Theorem.

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
19 D 20 E
15 cm
15 m 18 m
D 75°
E F 21 cm F
27 m
S
S
14 cm
75° Q
R 10 cm
36 m 24 m The triangles are similar by the

Side-Angle-Side Similarity Theorem.
The corresponding sides are
proportional, and the included
U angles are congruent.
20 m
T

Side-Side-Side Similarity Theorem
because all of the corresponding
sides are proportional.
\ Use each similarity statement to write the corresponding sides of the triangles as proportions.
21 ∆CGL ∼ ∆MKP 22 ∆XZC ∼ ∆YMN
 CG   
_  GL   = _
= _  CL   
_ XZ
 YM   = _ZC
 MN    = _XC
 YN  
MK KP MP
23 ∆ADF ∼ ∆GLM 24 ∆WNY ∼ ∆CQR
 AD
_
GL
   = _DF _
 LM AF
   =  GM     WN
_
CQ
   = _NY _
 QR   =  WY
CR
  
25 ∆BTK ∼ ∆ALC 26 ∆SHM ∼ ∆NFR
 BT
_
AL
 TK
   = _LC
   = _BK
 AC    SH
_
NF
 HM
   = _FR
 SM
   = _NR
  

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
PROBLEM SET 3: Calculating Corresponding Parts of Similar Triangles

\ Calculate the length of the indicated segment in each figure.
‾ bisects ∠H. Calculate HF.

1  HJ  ‾ bisects ∠L. Calculate NM.
2  LN 
F 15 cm L
J
18 cm
8 in.
G 5 in.
21 cm K M
4 in. N
H
The length of segment NM is
      18
_   15  
  = _  
21 HF 2.5 inches.
18HF = 315
HF = 17.5
The length of segment H
F is
17.5 centimeters.
‾ bisects ∠B. Calculate AD.

3  BD  ‾ bisects ∠
4  SQ  S. Calculate S
P.
C P
3 ft 9m
Q
B
2 ft
12 m
D S R
6 ft 18 m
The length of segment SP is

13.5 meters.
A
The length of segment A

Dis 4 feet.
‾ bisects ∠Y. Calculate YW.

5  YZ  ‾ bisects ∠
6  VX  V. Calculate X
W.
Y U
4 cm 9 ft
V
X W
8 cm Z 9 cm
X 6 ft
10 ft
The length of segment Y
W is
4.5 centimeters. W
The length of segment XWis 4 feet.

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
\ Solve for x.

7 Q 2 S 8
6
P 4 6
9 x
6
T
R x
According to the Triangle

Proportionality Theorem, x = 9
∆PQR , ∆PST.
 x  = _
_  2 
9 6
6x = 18
x = 3
9 10 A
4x – 3 8x – 7
4.4
14.08 D E
6.3 3x – 1 5x – 3
x
B C
 21 ,  1
x = –_
 21  because you get a negative

x ≠ − _
x = 20.16 length when substituted back into
the equation, so x = 1.

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
PROBLEM SET 4: Proofs Using Similar Triangles

\ Use the diagram and given information to write a statement that can be justified using
the Proportional Segments Theorem, the Triangle Proportionality Theorem, or the Converse
of the Triangle Proportionality Theorem. State the theorem used.
1 B 2 A
24
18
D E
Q
8
6
C B
A P C
  ‾ , Converse of Triangle
  ‾  | | BC 
ED 
According to the Triangle Proportionality Proportionality Theorem
Theorem, ∆APQ , ∆ACB.
AQ AP
_    =  _
  QB PC
   
3 4 A
x a
P Q
y b
B C
a
 _xy   =  _  , Proportional
b
PA
   =  CQ
BP _
  _ QA
  , Triangle
Segments Theorem
Proportionality Theorem © Carnegie Learning, Inc.
5 E 6 H
2.6 cm
G
P
3.9 cm
F
F D
2.4 cm Q 3.6 cm
A
B C D
_
EF    ‾ , Converse of Triangle
    | | PQ  _ BC _ FG _ AF _ AB
Proportionality Theorem  CD   =  GH ,   FG   =  BC  , Proportional
Segments Theorem
TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
\ Use the diagram and given information to write two statements that can be justified using the
Triangle Midsegment Theorem.
7 B 8 R
D E V W
A C
T S
Given: A
BCis a triangle.
Given: RSTis a triangle.
 ‾ .
Dis the midpoint of AB 
V  ‾. 
is the midpoint of RT 
Eis the midpoint of BC 
 ‾ .
W
is the midpoint of  ‾ 
RS .
‾  || AC 
 DE    ‾ , DE =  _
1 AC
2   ‾ 
VW    ‾ , VW = _
| | ST   21 S
  T
9 M Y 10 X
N
X U
P Z
T
Given: M
NPis a triangle.
Y
 ‾ 
Xis the midpoint of MP  .
Given: XYZis a triangle.
‾ 
Yis the midpoint of  MN  .
T  ‾ .
is the midpoint of YZ 
  ‾  NP 
XY  ||   ‾ , XY = _
 21 N
  P U  ‾ .
is the midpoint of XY 
  ‾  | | XZ 

TU    ‾ , TU = _
 21 X
  Z
11 K 12 B
M
R
J
N
A Q C
Given: ABCis a triangle.

L
Q
is the midpoint of AC 
 ‾ 
.
Given: JKLis a triangle. R
is the midpoint of BC 
 ‾ 
.
_
Mis the midpoint of JK 
   .
_   ‾  || AB 
QR    ‾ , QR = _
 21 A
  B
Nis the midpoint of  KL  .
_
  ‾ 
MN  | | JL   21 J  L
   , MN = _
TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
PROBLEM SET 5: Using Geometric Mean

\ Solve for x.
1 D 2 M
x
Z
x 12 cm
4 cm
A 6 in. F 6 in. G
N P
 x_  =  6_   
6 x _
x = 6 in. x = 1. 
3 cm
3 R 9 in. 4 B
S
4m
6 in.
D
Q T
x
10 m
V
x
x = 7.5 in.
L
_
x = 2 √35 
   m

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
PROBLEM SET 6: Using Right Triangle Theorems

\ Use the Right Triangle/Altitude Similarity Theorem to write three similarity statements involving
the triangles in each diagram.
1 H
G P
∆HPG ∼ ∆PQG, ∆HPG ∼ ∆HQP, ∆PQG ∼ ∆HQP
2 M P
∆MPZ ∼ ∆MRP, ∆MPZ ∼ ∆PRZ, ∆MRP ∼ ∆PRZ
3 N
K
L T
∆NLT ∼ ∆NKL, ∆NLT ∼ ∆LKT, ∆NKL ∼ ∆LKT
4 W
N
M
U
∆UWN ∼ ∆UMW, ∆UWN ∼ ∆WMN, ∆UMW ∼ ∆WMN

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
5 C
A B
D
∆ACB ∼ ∆ADC, ∆ACB ∼ ∆CDB, ∆ADC ∼ ∆CDB
6 R
W
X
∆RBX ∼ ∆BWX, ∆RBX ∼ ∆RWB, ∆BWX ∼ ∆RWB
\ Use the given information and diagrams to answer each question.

7 On the map shown, Willow Street bisects the angle formed by Maple Avenue and South
Street. Mia’s house is 5 miles from the school and 4 miles from the fruit market. Rick’s house
is 6 miles from the fruit market. How far is Rick’s house from the school?
Mia’s house Willow Street
Fruit market
Maple Avenue
Rick’s house
River Avenue
School South Street © Carnegie Learning, Inc.
According to the Angle Bisector Theorem,  4_  = 6_ ,  where x represents the

5 x
distance from Rick’s house to the school. So 4x = 30, and x = 7.5.
Rick’s house is 7.5 miles from the school.

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
8 The road from Central City to the beach bisects the angle formed by the roads from
Central City to Minville and from Central City to Oceanview. Central City is 12 miles from
Oceanview, Minville is 6 miles from the beach, and Oceanview is 8 miles from the beach.
How far is Central City from Minville?
Minville
Beach
Central City
Oceanview
Central City is 9 miles from Minville.
9 You are on a fishing trip with your friends. The campsite is located 200 feet from the fishing
hole. The bait store is located 110 feet from the fishing hole. How wide is the river?
River
Bait store
Fishing
Campsite hole
The river is 60.5 feet wide.

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
10 Marsha wants to walk from the parking lot through the forest to the clearing. She knows that
the forest ranger station is 154 feet from the flagpole and the flagpole is 350 feet from the
clearing. How far is the parking lot from the clearing?
Clearing
Flagpole
Forest
ranger t
station res
Fo
Parking lot
The parking lot is 420 feet from the clearing.
11 Elly and Jeff are on opposite sides of a 12 Minh wanted to measure the height of a
canyon that runs east to west. They want statue. She lined herself up with the
to know how wide the canyon is. Each statue’s shadow so that the tip of her
person stands 10 feet from the edge. Then, shadow met the tip of the statue’s shadow.
Elly walks 24 feet west, and Jeff walks She marked the spot where she was
360 feet east. What is the distance across standing. Then, she measured the distance
the canyon? from where she was standing to the tip
24 ft of the shadow and from the statue to the
10 ft tip of the shadow. What is the height of
the statue?
10 ft
Minh
360 ft 5 ft
84 ft 12 ft
The distance across the canyon is
140 feet.
The height of the statue is 35 feet.

TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
PROBLEM SET 7: Dividing Segments by Ratios

\ Determine the midpoint of a line segment with each set of given endpoints.
1 (8, 0) and (4, 6) 2 (3, 8) and (9, 10)
0 1  6 
_  8_____
4 
1 
2
,  _____
2 +
  The midpoint is (6, 9).
The midpoint is (6, 3).
3 (27, 2) and (3, 6) 4 (6, 23) and (24, 5)
The midpoint is (15, 4). The midpoint is (15, 14).
5 (210, 21) and (0, 4) 6 (22, 7) and (28, 29)
The midpoint is (105, 12.5). The midpoint is (25, 18).
\ Determine the coordinates of the point that divides each directed segment A
Binto the
given ratio.
7 1 : 3 y 8 1 : 1 y
B
8 8 B
6 6
4 4
2 A 2
–8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 x –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 x
–2 –2
–4 –4
A
–6 –6
–8 –8
Because the ratio is 1 : 3, I need to The point that divides directed
divide the segment into 4 equal parts. segment ABinto a 1 : 1 ratio
I can divide the horizontal and vertical is (4, 1).
distances between points A and B by
4 and add each respective amount to
the x- and y-values of point A.
 4  = 1 and _
_  6  = 1.5
4 4
(3 1 1, 2 1 1.5)
The point that divides directed
segment ABinto a 1 : 3 ratio is (4, 3.5).
TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY
9 3 : 1 y 10 1 : 2 y
8 8
B
6 A 6
4 4
A
2 2
–8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 x –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 x
–2 –2
B
–4 –4
–6 –6
–8 –8
The point that divides directed The point that divides directed
segment A Binto a 3 : 1 ratio segment ABinto a 1 : 2 ratio
is (3, 7).  31 )  .
is (0, 3_
11 2 : 1 y 12 1 : 1 y
8 8 B
6 6
4 4
2 2
–8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 x –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 x
–2 –2
A –4 –4
–6 –6
–8 –8
B A
The point that divides directed The point that divides directed
segment A Binto a 2 : 1 ratio segment ABinto a 1 : 1 ratio
is (
− 2, − 6_  31  )
  . is (0, 0).

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TOPIC 1 SIMILARITY

I can divide the measure of any

Similarity  Skills Practice 121

I can multiply the coordinates of the

122 Similarity  Skills Practice

Similarity  Skills Practice 123

\ Use coordinate notation to determine the coordinates of the image.

15 Triangle ​GHI​has vertices ​G​(0, 5), ​H​(4, 2), 16 Triangle J

17 Triangle ​ABC​has vertices ​A​(8, 4), ​B​(14, 16), 18 Triangle D

© Carnegie Learning, Inc.

124 Similarity  Skills Practice

PROBLEM SET 2: Triangle Similarity Theorems

​​ ‾ ​​ and BD ​​

Similarity  Skills Practice 125

The known corresponding sides of A C E

126 Similarity  Skills Practice

To prove that the triangles are similar

\ Determine whether each pair of triangles is similar. Explain your reasoning.

The triangles are similar by the Side-Angle-Side Similarity Theorem because

2.5 m 10 ft 12 ft © Carnegie Learning, Inc.

The triangles are similar by the H

128 Similarity  Skills Practice

36 m 24 m The triangles are similar by the

The triangles are similar by the

Similarity  Skills Practice 129

PROBLEM SET 3: Calculating Corresponding Parts of Similar Triangles

‾ bisects ​∠H​. Calculate ​HF​.

‾ bisects ​∠B​. Calculate ​AD​.

The length of segment ​SP​​ is

The length of segment A

‾ bisects ​∠Y​. Calculate ​YW​.

The length of segment ​XW​​is 4 feet.

\ Solve for ​x​.

According to the Triangle

​ 21 ​​ because you get a negative

Similarity  Skills Practice 131

PROBLEM SET 4: Proofs Using Similar Triangles

​​​ ‾ ​ |​ ​​​|​​ XZ ​​​

Given: ​ABC​is a triangle.

PROBLEM SET 5: Using Geometric Mean

134 Similarity  Skills Practice

PROBLEM SET 6: Using Right Triangle Theorems

Similarity  Skills Practice 135

\ Use the given information and diagrams to answer each question.

Mia’s house Willow Street

According to the Angle Bisector Theorem, ​ 4_ ​ =​ 6_ ​,​ where x represents the

136 Similarity  Skills Practice

Central City is 9 miles from Minville.

The river is 60.5 feet wide.

Similarity  Skills Practice 137

The parking lot is 420 feet from the clearing.

138 Similarity  Skills Practice

PROBLEM SET 7: Dividing Segments by Ratios

3 (27, 2) and (3, 6) 4 (6, 23) and (24, 5)

The midpoint is (​​​​​15, 4​)​​. The midpoint is (​​​​​15, 14​)​​.

5 (210, 21) and (0, 4) 6 (22, 7) and (28, 29)

The midpoint is (​​​​​105, 12.5​)​​. The midpoint is (​​​​​25, 18​)​​.

140 Similarity  Skills Practice

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15 Triangle GHIhas vertices G(0, 5), H(4, 2), 16 Triangle J

17 Triangle ABChas vertices A(8, 4), B(14, 16), 18 Triangle D

 ‾  and BD 

‾ bisects ∠H. Calculate HF.

‾ bisects ∠B. Calculate AD.

The length of segment SP is

‾ bisects ∠Y. Calculate YW.

The length of segment XWis 4 feet.

\ Solve for x.

 21  because you get a negative

  ‾  | | XZ 

Given: ABCis a triangle.

According to the Angle Bisector Theorem,  4_  = 6_ ,  where x represents the

The midpoint is (15, 4). The midpoint is (15, 14).

The midpoint is (105, 12.5). The midpoint is (25, 18).