Q3 HEALTH REVIEWER
partners
Health Trends, Issues, and Concerns
(Global Level)
● Poverty, hunger, education,
mental health, pollution, tobacco
control, harmful use of alcohol,
COVID-19, climate change,
diseases - health issues and
concerns that need to be addressed
by global health
● Health issues are among the priority
concerns of the united nations
● World Health Organization: lead
agency tasked to direct and
coordinate with all member nations
regarding leadership, supervision,
technical support and education on
matters about health, which affects
many countries
● 21st century: public health protection
is viewed both as shared duty and
obligation
- People need to understand:
1. Global issues,
concerns and
trends that include
fair access to
essential healthcare
2. Protection against
multinational
threats, directly or
indirectly affect the
health of people
worldwide
Global Health and the Millennium
Development Goals
● Global health rose in popularity
along with the rise of globalization
● A new trend in which the world
health organization addresses health
concerns in cooperation with
members-nations and private
international organizations as
● Pertains to various health issues,
concerns and trends which go
beyond national boundaries and call
for global initiatives for the protection
and promotions of peoples’ health
(Kickbush)
● Ilona Kickbush (2006), director of
the Global Health Program at the
Graduate Institute of International
and Development Studies in
Geneva, Switzerland
● Koplan and Associates (2009):
global health is an area for study,
research and practice that prioritizes
health improvement and achieving
impartiality in healthcare and
wellness worldwide
● Beaglehole and Bonita (2010):
global health is a cooperative
research and action of international
communities to promote for all
8 United Nations Millennium
Development Goals
● Are eight targets that all 191 UN
Member States have agreed to
achieve
● Signed in September 2000:
commits world leaders to fight
discrimination against women
and children, disease, hunger,
poverty, illiteracy, and
environmental degradation
1. Eradicate extreme poverty &
hunger
- Africa and Asia suffer from
extreme poverty and hunger
which leads to malnutrition,
then to lifelong physical and
cognitive (learning and
reasoning) damage.
- Affects health, well-being and
economy
 - Key suggestions to
eradicate poverty and
hunger:
➔ Education
➔ Promoting gender
equality
➔ Producing more jobs
➔ Investing in agriculture
➔ Strengthened nutrition
programs for children and
infants
➔ Support and protection of
developing and
vulnerable countries
during crisis
2. Achieve universal primary
education
- Women who are:
➔ Educated
➔ More likely to seek
medical care especially
during pregnancy
➔ Ensuring proper nutrition
for their family
➔ Adopting healthy sanitary
practices
➔ Ensuring immunization of
children
- Infants and children have
better survival rates, are
healthier and better
nourished
- Children who receive
primary education are
more likely to:
➔ Marry and have their own
families at a later stage in
life
➔ Practice family planning
and have fewer children
➔ Know rights,
responsibilities and civic
obligations
➔ Seek employment and
sustain personal and
family needs
➔ Have decreased risk of
getting HIV/AIDS
➔ Support and protection of
developing and
vulnerable countries
during crisis
3. Promote gender equality and
empower women
- Means equal representation
of men and women, equal
value and treatment
- Empowers women and other
groups creating opportunities
in education, work, finances,
and other aspects which
improves the economy and
lessen effects of financial
crisis
- Gender equality can be
achieved through:
➔ Early childhood
development intervention
➔ Promotion of women’s
political rights and
involvement
➔ Education and integrating
gender equality in school
curriculum
➔ Improved women’s
access to work and
strengthened labor
policies for women
➔ Support and protection of
developing and
vulnerable countries
during crisis
4. Reduce child mortality
- Programs and policies:
➔ Improving nutritional
intake
➔ Healthcare facilities and
infrastructure
➔ Other fields which
improve children’s lives
- Strengthening local and
national health programs
and policies
➔ Immunizing programs
➔ Assuring the survival and
better health of mothers
➔ Improving reproductive
health programs
➔ Better nutrition program
for infants, children, and
mothers
5. Improve maternal health
- Not only about mother’s
health but also involves the
health and wellness of the
family
- Maternal health also helps
other problems like: poverty,
gender inequality, decreased
workforce, lower birth deaths,
and disability of women.
- Ways to improve maternal
health:
➔ Improved and proper
nutrition of mothers
➔ Teaching the benefits of
birth spacing and small
family size
➔ Educating young boys
and girls about the
importance of maternal
health
➔ Better and improved
access to hospital care
especially
obstetric-gynecology,
prenatal and postnatal
care
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and
other diseases
- Some of the effects of
disease outbreak: loss of
jobs, shortage in professional
workers, and creating social
crisis.
- Children are the most
vulnerable and are
exposed to exploitation
and abuse undermining their
normal growth and
development
- Ways to combat diseases:
➔ Improved housing
conditions
➔ Increased access to
antimalarial medicines
➔ Promoting safer sex
behavior and preventive
education for all
➔ Promoting tuberculosis
(TB) screening of
HIV/AIDS persons
➔ TB - Directly Observed
Treatment Short
(TB-DOTS) course
therapy
➔ Promoting the use of
insecticide-treated nets to
fight mosquito-borne
diseases
7. Ensure environmental
sustainability
- Investing and supporting
sustainable energy like solar,
winder ans water energy help
support jobs, create business
opportunities, and save
remaining non-renewable
energy sources.
 - Assures people to live
healthier and enjoy a clean
and green environment
- Benefits of a sustainable
environment:
➔ Cleaner air and
environment
➔ Clean,
environment-friendly, and
renewable energy
➔ New and aspiring jobs
and business in energy
➔ Increased access to
sanitation
8. Global partnership for
development
- The United Nations, World
Health Organization, World
Bank and governments
work together to make sure
there is fair trade and that
heavily indebted countries
obtain relief and funds to
combat poverty, malnutrition
and funds for education and
social projects
- Benefits of global
partnership:
➔ Expanded international
trade agreements
➔ Improved access to
affordable medicine
➔ Reduced poverty through
government debt relief
grant
➔ Developed information
and communication
technology (ICT)
infrastructure
Sustainable Development Goals:
1. NO POVERTY: end poverty in all its
forms everywhere
2. ZERO HUNGER: end hunger,
achieve food security and improved
nutrition and promote sustainable
agriculture
3. GOOD HEALTH AND WELL
BEING: ensure healthy lives and
promote well being for all
4. QUALITY EDUCATION: ensure
inclusive and equitable quality
education and promote lifelong
learning opportunities for all
5. GENDER EQUALITY: achieve
gender equality and empower all
women and girls
6. CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION:
ensure availability and sustainable
management of water for all
7. AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN
ENERGY: ensure access to
affordable, reliable, sustainable, and
modern energy for all
8. DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC
GROWTH: promote sustain,
inclusive, and sustainable economic
growth, full and productive
employment, and decent work for all
9. INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND
INFRASTRUCTURE: build resilient
infrastructure, promote inclusive and
sustainable industrialization and
foster innovation, these addresses
three important aspects of
sustainable development:
1. Infrastructure, 2. Industrialization,
3. Innovation
10. REDUCED INEQUALITIES:
reduced inequality within and among
countries, addresses issues related
to representation and development
assistance
11. SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND
COMMUNITIES: make cities and
human settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient, and sustainable
12. RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION
AND PRODUCTION: ensure
 sustainable consumption and - Benefits of global health
production matters initiatives to the Sustainable
13. CLIMATE ACTION: take urgent Development Goals:
action to combat climate change and - Targets specific health
its impacts, targets include problems including but not
educating young people on climate limited to emerging and
change re-emerging diseases,
14. LIFE BELOW WATER: conserve climate change,
and sustainably use the oceans, environmental sanitation,
seas, and marine resources for mental health, tobacco
sustainable development regulation, and alcohol use
15. LIFE ON LAND: protect, restore,
and promote sustainable use of
terrestrial ecosystems
16. PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG
INSTITUTIONS: promote peaceful
and inclusive societies for
sustainable development, use your
rights to elect leaders in the country
and local community
17. PARTNERSHIP FOR THE GOALS:
the means of implementation and
revitalize the global partnership for
sustainable development

Global Initiatives and Strategies:

- Are programs and projects which
help address Global Health issues,
concerns, and trends
1. Global Prevention and Control of
Tobacco and Alcohol use
2. The Global Strategy to Reduce the
Harmful Use of Alcohol
3. Global Initiatives for Mental
Health
4. Global Strategy for the Prevention
and Control of
Non-Communicable Diseases
5. The Global fight against
Communicable Diseases, like Roll
Black Malaria
6. Global Alliance for Vaccines and
Immunization