Topic 11 – Co-ordinates and Graphs II Year 8 - Mr. I.

Craus

Topic 11: Co-ordinates and Graphs II

Broad Learning Outcome:

• I can write coordinates of a set of points for a linear function.
• I can construct a table of values.
• I can verify whether a line passes through a point.
• I can plot and interpret straight line graphs.

The Co-ordinate System

The position of a point is given by an
ordered pair (𝒙, 𝒚) , called the
coordinate of the point.

The x-coordinate gives us the

horizontal position while the y-
coordinate gives us the vertical
position from the origin (𝟎,𝟎).

Let’s play a game to practice point plotting.

• Start by plotting 2 sets of axes on the same graph paper.

• Use a scale of 1cm:1unit for every axis, from -6 to 6.
• Label the set of axes on the left with “MY SHIPS AND OPPONENTS SHOTS”.
• Label the set of axes on the right with “MY SHOTS”.
• Place your ships as follows:
o 1 carrier (5 dots)
o 2 destroyers (4 dots)
o 2 submarines (3 dots)
• After placing your ships, you can start playing with an opponent:
o Decide who goes first.
o To make a move, you need to say a point and your opponent must
tell you if it’s a miss or a hit.
o Mark a HIT with an X and a MISS with an O.

1
 Topic 11 – Co-ordinates and Graphs II Year 8 - Mr. I. Craus

Plotting of Straight Line Graphs

In order to plot straight line graphs, we need to draw a table of values which
contains:

• Different values of 𝑥,
• All the terms in the equation of the straight line,
• And the resulting values of y.

After filling in the table of values, you can use a graph paper, with a suitable
scale on both the y and x axis, to plot the co-ordinates and join them to form
the straight line graph.

Ex. 2a: Plot the lines 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 1 & 𝑦 = 2 − 2𝑥 on the same pair of axes

𝒙 −𝟑 −𝟐 −𝟏 𝟎 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑
𝟑𝒙

+𝟏

𝒚 = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟏

Co-
ordinates

𝒙 −𝟑 −𝟐 −𝟏 𝟎 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑
𝟐

−𝟐𝒙

𝒚 = 𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙

Co-
ordinates

2
Topic 11 – Co-ordinates and Graphs II Year 8 - Mr. I. Craus

Ex. 2b: On the same pair of axes, plot the following set of co-ordinates for
values of 𝑥 & 𝑦 from -4 to 4:

• (−4, −1), (−2, −1), (0, −1), (3, −1)

Describe the line: _______________________________________________________

Equation of the line: ____________________________________________________

• (2, −3), (2, −1), (2,0), (2,1), (2,3)

Describe the line: _______________________________________________________

Equation of the line: ____________________________________________________

• (−3, 3.5), (−1.5, 3.5), (0, 3.5), (2.5, 3.5), (4, 3.5)

Describe the line: _______________________________________________________

Equation of the line: ____________________________________________________

• (−2.25, −2.5), (−2.25, −1), (−2.25, 0), (−2.25, 1), (−2.25, 3)

Describe the line: _______________________________________________________

Equation of the line: ____________________________________________________

Lines passing through a point or a point on the line

Sometimes we are given a point and we need to check whether a line passes
through it or not. Or vice-versa, we are given a line and we need to check
whether a point is on the line or not.

If everything is plotted on a graph/square paper, then it would be easy to

make a conclusion because we can identify the point and check if it is on the
line or not.

But if we do not have anything plotted, we need to substitute the x and y parts
of the point instead of the x and y of the equation and check whether you
create a correct statement.

3
Topic 11 – Co-ordinates and Graphs II Year 8 - Mr. I. Craus

Example 1: Check whether the line 𝒚 = 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟏 passes through the points (𝟏, 𝟑)
and (−𝟏, −𝟐).

Solution: For the point (𝟏, 𝟑), substitute 𝒙 = 𝟏 & 𝒚 = 𝟑 in the equation 𝒚 = 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟏

𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 1
⇒ (3) = 4(1) − 1
⇒3=4−1
⇒3=3
This is a true statement. Therefore, the line 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 1 passes through (1,3)

For the point (−𝟏, −𝟐), substitute 𝒙 = −𝟏 & 𝒚 = −𝟐 in the equation 𝒚 = 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟏

𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 1
⇒ (−2) = 4(−1) − 1
⇒ −2 = −4 − 1
⇒ −2 ≠ −5
This is a false statement. Therefore, the line 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 1 does not pass through
(−1, −2).

Example 2: Fill in the table below by ticking Yes or No whether or not the point
lies on the line below:

Point Yes No

(0,0)

(−0.5,2)

(−2,4)

(2, −2)

(0.5,0)

4
Topic 11 – Co-ordinates and Graphs II Year 8 - Mr. I. Craus

Ex. 3: Answer the following questions:

1. Which of the following lines go through the point (6,5)?

a. 𝑦 = 6𝑥 − 5
b. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 7

Ans: _______________

1
2. Which of the following points are on the line 𝑦 = 4 𝑥 + 3?

a. (−16, −1)
b. (−8, −1)
c. (8,5)

Ans: _______________

3. Which of the following points lie on the line 3𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 10?

a. (3,5)
b. (5,2)
c. (−6, −4)
d. (10,4)

Ans: _______________

5
Topic 11 – Co-ordinates and Graphs II Year 8 - Mr. I. Craus

Interpreting Straight Line Graphs

Straight Line Graphs play an important part in our modern lives. They are used
frequently in Sales and Marketing, Economics, Business, Science and Medicine.
Conversion Graphs

Conversion graphs are graphs that are used to convert between different units
of measurements like.
- Litres to Gallons,
- Pounds to Kilograms,
- Degrees Celsius to Degree Fahrenheit,
- Euros to US Dollars.

Ex 4a: Use graph 1 on the next page to answer the following:

a. 40 lbs = ________ kg b. 50 kg = ________ lbs

c. 20 kg = ________ lbs d. 140 lbs = ________ kg

e. 80 lbs are heavier than 40kg. TRUE or FALSE

Ex 4b: Use graph 2 on the next page to answer the following:

a. 100 litres = ________ gallons b. 40 gallons = ________ litres

c. 250 litres = ________ gallons d. 60 gallons = ________ litres

e. Tom has 400 litres of water while Luke has 85 gallons. ________ has
less water than ________.

Ex. 4c: Use graph 3 on the next page to answer the following using <, > or =

a. 0°C 33°F b. 120°F 44°C

c. 90°C 190°F d. 50°C 136°F

e. 10°C 45°F f. 150°F 64°C

6
Topic 11 – Co-ordinates and Graphs II Year 8 - Mr. I. Craus

Graph 1 Graph 2

Graph 3

7
Topic 11 – Co-ordinates and Graphs II Year 8 - Mr. I. Craus

Travel Graphs:

Travel Graphs (or distance-time graphs) are used to describe a journey of an

object. The y-axis represents the distance an object traveled, while the x-axis
represents the time taken by the object to travel.

To be able to understand travel graphs, keep the following points in mind:

• ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

• ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

• ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

The gradient of a distance-time graph

represents the speed of the object in
questions. Consider the graph on the right.
It represents the travel graphs of a cyclist
from his house to a park. If we calculate
the gradient of the first part of his journey,
we would find his average speed

∆𝑦 12
𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑, 𝑚 = ∆𝑥 = = 6𝑚𝑝ℎ
2

8
Topic 11 – Co-ordinates and Graphs II Year 8 - Mr. I. Craus

Ex. 4d: Below is Tara’s travel graph to her grandmother’s house:

1. At what time does she leave home?

Ans: _______________
2. When does she arrive at her Grandma’s?
Ans: _______________
3. On the way, she stops to talk to a friend. How long does she spend
talking?
Ans: _______________
4. What was her speed before stopping to talk with her friend?

Ans: _______________
5. How far from her home is her Grandma’s house?
Ans: _______________
6. When was Tara the slowest? Before or after stopping to talk to her friend?
Ans: _______________
7. How long does she stay at her Grandma’s?
Ans: _______________
8. What was the speed of her return journey?

Ans: _______________

9
Topic 11 – Co-ordinates and Graphs II Year 8 - Mr. I. Craus

Mixed Exercises
1. Using a scale of 1cm:1unit on both axes, from -9 to 9, plot and connect
each of the following sequences of points with a line to form a shape.
a. (−3,0), (−4, −1), (−6, −2), (−6, −3), (−5, −4), (−4, −4), (−3, −3), (1, −2), 𝑒𝑛𝑑.
b. (−1,1), (5,3), (6,5), (7,5), (7,3), (9,2), (8, 1.5), (6,2), (2, −0.5), 𝑒𝑛𝑑.
c. (−9,3), (−7,4), (7, −3), (5, −4), (−9,3), 𝑒𝑛𝑑.
d. (−6. −2), (−4, −3), (−2, −2), (−1, −1), 𝑒𝑛𝑑.
e. (5,3), (4,4), (4.5,4.5), (5.5,4), 𝑒𝑛𝑑.
f. (−4, −1), (−2, −2), 𝑒𝑛𝑑.
g. What is the final shape? _______________

2. Find the missing value, if the point given lies on the line given:
2
a. (0, 𝑎); 𝑦 = 3 𝑥 + 4

b. (𝑠, 2); 𝑦 = 11 − 3𝑥
c. (7, −𝑣); 𝑦 = 2 − 𝑥
d. (−7, 𝑧); 𝑦 = −2𝑥 − 16
e. (𝑘, 5); 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 5

10