HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF PHILIPPINE DEMOCRATIC POLITICS

PRECOLONIAL PERIOD (BEFORE 1565)

An archipelago organized into several independent and self-sufficient political units
PRE-COLONIAL Barangay.
PHILIPPINES But in Mindanao were organized in one sultanate system unlike the several
independent units of barangay from Luzon to Visayas Islands.
Came from the word “Balangay”, a boat used by the Austronesian immigrants in
sailing to the Philippines.
BARANGAY
An independent political unit that comprises a group of people with its own
chieftain.
PRECOLONIAL SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
The highest status in the society during precolonial era.
DATU : The legislator, judge and the chieftain of barangay
MAHARLIKA Umalohokan: the one that announces the law of the datu to its people.
Maginoos: the council of elder advisers of the datu.
Notable people
The spiritual priestess of the barangay and may also serve as one of the advisers of
BABAYLAN
Datu.
TIMAWA The freemen or the commoners.
Who was in effect a household servant
ALIPING
A servant that can’t be sold by his master and may also enjoys more rights than the
NAMAMAHAY
AlipingSagigilid.
Who was in effect a slave worker.
ALIPING
Totally serving the master for his/her entire life and could not decide for his/her
SAGIGILID
own life without the permission of his/her master.

SPANISH PERIOD (1565- 1898)

KING OF SPAIN Who was the one who ruled the entire Spanish colonies including the Philippines.
The representative of the King Spain who exercise the power of the King of Spain in
GOVERNOR the Philippines.
GENERAL Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, the first governor-general of the Spanish government in
the Philippines.
Alcaldia: A pacified province headed by the Alcaldemayor
Corregimiento: Provinces that were not entirely pacified. Headed by the Corregidor.
LOCAL
Ayuntamiento: The city government headed by Cabildo.
GOVERNMENTS:
Municipal government: headed by Gobernadorcillo.
Barrio or Barangay: headed by Cabeza de barangay
ROYAL AUDIENCA The supreme court
REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD (1868- 1898)
PROPAGANDA Led by the ilustrados: Jose Rizal, Marcelo, H. del Pilar, and Graciano, Lopez Jaena
MOVEMENT who advocates reforms.
Kataas- taasan, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan (Katipunan).
K.K.K
Founded in 1892 by Andres Bonifacio and a group of Patriots.
March 22, 1897.
TEJEROS The election for the new government took place between the Magdalo and
CONVENTION Magdiwang.
Emilio Aguinaldo was elected as president of the new government.
BIAK NA BATO Emilio Aguinaldo arrived in Barrio Biak na Bato, San Miguel, Bulacan.
REPUBLIC Drafted the constitution of the government. Then later, went on an exile.
DICTATORIAL May 24, 1898, Emilio Aguinaldo established the dictatorial government to address
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF PHILIPPINE DEMOCRATIC POLITICS

GOVERNMENT the war and prosecute the war criminals.

June 23, 1898, Aguinaldo replaced Dictatorial government into revolutionary
REVOLUTIONARY government and established its departments then appointed cabinet members that
GOVERNMENT met in Barasoain Church.
Proclaimed the Independence in Kawit, Cavite on June 12, 1898.
FIRST PHILIPPINE Upon the promulgation of Malolos Constitution, reorganization in the cabinet took
REPUBLIC place and under the constitution the first republic was created.