‘Third Semester B.E. Makeup/Summer Term/Grad Time: 3 Hrs. [Q.No. Cogn. | COs | ‘Questions ta) LL bw 12 | LIBRARY. NIE SLA usw [1] THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING, MYSURU ~ 8 (An Autonomous Institute Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi) | Basic Thermodynamics 1¢ Improvement/Backlog Registered Oct 2020 Max. Marks: 100 Note: Answer all the questions. Thermodynamics data hand book is permitted. COI State and define the (i) Zeroth law of thermodynamics, |G Quasistatic process (ii) Diathermal wall (iv) Control volume. CO? |The readings t, & ty of two Celsius thermometers A & B agree at related by the equation [ta = 1+ mts + nt’s where 1, m, n ate constants, When both the! thermometers are immersed in a well stirred bath, A registers 51°C [where as B registers 50°C. (Determine the reading on A when B registers 25°C. Which thermometer is correct? |the ie point (0°C) and steam point (100°C, but elsewhere they are! Marks 8 al 7 2.0) 12 by 12 ) 12 C02 ]Derive an expression for polytrophic work with the help of PV diagram. Also obtain the PV diagram for a polytrophic process) when n=0, 1, 1.4. C02 |To a closed system 150 kJ of work is supplied, if the initial volume} is 0.6 m? and pressure of the system changes as P = 8 — 4V, where P |is in bar and V is in m’, determine the final volume and pressure of |the system, co2 The following equation gives the internal energy of a certain! [substance u = 3.64 Pv + 90. Where wis kik, Pisin kPa and vis in n'Tkg. A system composed of 3.5 kg ofthis substance expands from an initial pressure of 500 kPa and a volume of 0.25 m’ to a final pressure 100 kPa in a process in which pressure and volume are related by pv! W for the process. | CO2 Obtain the steady flow energy equation in the differential form for a | general steady flow device and explain all the terms associated with’ CO3 |A long well insulated pipeline consists of two pipes connected in series. The internal diameters of which are 90 mm and 30 mm| respectively. A steady flow of steam enters the 90 mm diameter pipe at the pressure of 350 kPa, a specific volume of 0.634 m*/kg. and an enthalpy of 2980kJ/kg. At the point downstream in the 30mm diameter pipe the pressure is 300KPa, specific volume is T 4 = C. If the expansion is quasistatic, find Q, AU &)0.79 m’/kg and the enthalpy is 2968 kJ/kg. Determine the velocities i at the two points in the pipeline and the mass flow rate, OR 12 | CO3_ The exhaust from an engine running on benzole was measured with 10 the help of orsat apparatus. The analysis showed a COp content of 12% but no CO. Assuming that the remainder of the exhaust contains only oxygen and nitrogen, calculate the air fuel ratio of the engine. The ultimate analysis of benzole is C = 88% and H, = 12%. LI | CO1 Explain the following 5 i) Combustion efficiency. ii) Lower calorific value. iii) Higher calorific value. iv) _Enthalpy of form: L2 _ CO2 Show that violation of Kelvin-Planck statement leads to violation 6 | Clausius statement. L2 | CO3 ‘A heat pump working on a reversible cycle takes in heat from a) 9 reservoir at 5°C and delivers heat to a reservoir at 60°C. The heat pump is driver by a reversible heat engine which takes in heat from a source at 840°C and rejects heat to the reservoir at 60°C. The: | reversible engine also drives a machine that absorbs 30 kW of work, “if the heat pump extracts 17 kI/s from the reservoir at 5°C, find (a)| i the rate of heat supply from the reservoir at 840°C and (b) the rate) |of heat rejection to the sink at 60°C. | L2_ | CO2 | State and prove Clausius inequality theorem. 7 12 | CO3 /2 kg of water at 80°C are mixed adiabatically with 3 kg of water at 8 | /30°C in a constant pressure process of 1 atm. Determine the inerease in entropy due to the mixing process. Assume Cp for water | as 4.187 ki/kg K. OR LI CO2 Explain the following 5 (i) Dryness fraction Gii) Compressed liquid state | Gi) Wet vapour state __(iv) Saturated vapour state. L2_ CO3 Steam flows through a turbine at a rate of 5000 ke/hr, entering at 15. 10 bar and 300°C with a velocity of 80 m/s and at an elevation of 2m above the exit section. The steam leaves at 0.1 bar and 4% moisture: with a velocity of 40 mvs. Assuming the flow process to be | adiabatic. Determine the power output from the turbine. If the flow! process were to be isentropic with the same exit pressure as above jand other things being the same what would be the power output | from the turbine. 12 | CO2 Derive an expression for change in entropy and change in enthalpy 6 for an ideal gas undergoing finite change in state.») 7a) b) eae) | 12 Li Li co2 co3 col col LIBRARY. NIE. MYSURY 0.1 m® of hydrogen initially at 1.2 MPa, 200°C undergoes a reversible isothermal expansion process to 0.1 MPa. Determine the work done, the heat transfer, change in enthalpy & change in entropy. If the process were to be isentropic instead of isothermal process between same initial and final pressure what would be the work done, heat transfer, change in enthalpy and change in entropy. In a constant gas thermometer pressure readings are 1 bar and 1.5 bar at ice and steam point. Find the temperature if the pressure is 3.5 bar. ‘What is PMM I and PMM II? With a neat sketch explain the working principle of throttling | calorimeter. 9